常用英語標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)及其用法

1、常用英語標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)及其用法在書面語，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)起著分隔作用，并有指明語法關(guān)系和語義的功能。現(xiàn)將常用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的主要用法分述如下：一逗號(hào)（,）1.分隔并列成分。例：At the bookstore I bought a dictionary, a grammar book and a textbook.我在書店里買了一本詞典，一本語法書和一本課本。He stood up from his seat, opened the door, and went out.他從座位上站了起來，推開門出去了。2. 分隔并列分句。例：He lives his students, and his students lov

2、e him. 他愛他的學(xué)生，他的學(xué)生也愛他。We must leave now, or we will miss the train.我們必須立刻出發(fā)，不然就誤了火車了。3. 分隔同位語、呼語。例：Mr. Zhang, our English teacher, will be leaving for Shanghai on Friday. 張老師，我們的英語老師，將在星期五動(dòng)身去上海。I would like to ask you, Mr. Jones, for your opinion.瓊斯先生，我想聽聽你的意見。Take a seat, Mr. Smith.史密斯先生，請(qǐng)坐。4. 分隔句首

3、狀語。例：Honestly, I dont know. 真的，我不知道。When it rains, I go to school by bus.下雨的時(shí)候，我坐公共汽車上學(xué)。Where there is life, there is hope.留得青山在，不怕沒柴燒。5. 分隔非限制性定語從句。例：She gave him a story book, when he started to read at once. 她給了他一本故事書，他馬上就讀了起來。The thief, who had entered through the window, store a lot of money.小偷

4、是從窗戶進(jìn)去的，偷走了許多錢。6. 分隔直接引語和導(dǎo)語。例：George said, I dont know her telephone number. 喬治說：“我不知道她的電話號(hào)碼。”O(jiān)nly a fool, Jim said, would believe his words.吉姆說：“只有傻子才會(huì)相信他的話?！倍涮?hào)（.）1. 用于陳述句和語氣溫和的祈使句后。例：Somebody is asking to see you.有人要見你。She asked if he had done his best.她問他是否已盡了最大努力。Lets go to the movies.我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍伞?

5、. 用于某些縮略詞等后。例：Oct. 十月（October）Prof. Li 李教授(Professor Li)98.6% 三問號(hào)（？）1. 用于疑問句后。例：Is there a pos office near here? 這兒附近有郵局嗎？Its cold outside, isnt it? 外面很冷是嗎？2用于委婉的祈使句后。例：Open the door, would you? 請(qǐng)把門打開。Have some coffee, will you? 喝點(diǎn)咖啡，好嗎？四 冒號(hào)（：）1用于引出表示列舉、解釋或說明性的詞語。例：Her grades are as follows: Chinese

6、, an A; English, a B; Math, a C; an History, a B. 她的成績?nèi)缦拢簼h語為A，英語為B，數(shù)學(xué)為C，歷史為B。The weather will be like this tomorrow: cloudy with scattered showers at night. 明天的天氣是：陰天，晚間有零星陣雨。2. 用于引出對(duì)前文進(jìn)行總結(jié)、補(bǔ)充的詞語。例：Ive just had some good news: Ive been offered a job in the firm. 我剛得到一個(gè)好消息，我在那家公司謀到一個(gè)職位。He has only on

7、e pleasure: playing cards. 他只有一個(gè)樂趣：玩牌。五 感嘆號(hào)（！）1有于感嘆句，表示感嘆、贊美、嘲諷等。例：Happy New Year! 新年好！What lovely flowers! 多美的花呀！How I wish to go! 我多么希望能去呀！2用于祈使句，表示命令或強(qiáng)烈感情。例：Be quiet! 安靜一下！Come in, everybody! 大家都進(jìn)來！六 引號(hào)（ ）1用于直接引語，有三種情況。a. 句首為He said, She asked等時(shí)，后用逗號(hào)，引號(hào)內(nèi)的引語可根據(jù)具體情況用不同的標(biāo)點(diǎn)。例：Mike said, Lets meet at

8、my house next time. 邁克說：“讓我們下一次在我家見面?！盕ather asked, Are you feeling better today? 父親問：“你今天感覺好些嗎？”b. 如果he said, she asked等位于句尾，句尾用句號(hào)，其前面的直接引語末尾則用逗號(hào)，或根據(jù)需要用問號(hào)、感嘆號(hào)。例： I was watching a TV play then Tom said. 湯姆說：“我當(dāng)時(shí)在看一部電視劇。”Dont be late again! Father said. 父親說：“不要再遲到！”Why didnt you hand in your exercise

9、s? asked the teacher. 老師問：“你們?yōu)槭裁礇]有把練習(xí)交上來？”c. 直接引語被he said, she asked等導(dǎo)語切斷，如果切斷處句子未完，則切斷處用逗號(hào)，導(dǎo)語后也用逗號(hào)。如果切斷處是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子結(jié)束，則切斷處仍用逗號(hào)，但導(dǎo)語后用句號(hào)。例： I bought Granny a present, said my brother, and she liked it very much. “我給奶奶買了一件禮物，”我弟弟說，“奶奶非常喜歡這件禮物?！盜t is getting dark, Tom said. Can I go home now? “天晚了，”湯姆說?！拔?/p>

10、現(xiàn)在能回家嗎？”2用于引述書名、文章名稱、歌曲名稱、電影名稱等。例：Have you read the book the Song of Youth ? 你讀過青春之歌這本書嗎？Titanic won the Oscar of Best Film. 泰坦尼克號(hào)贏得奧斯卡金像獎(jiǎng)的最佳影片獎(jiǎng)。七 連字符（-）1用于連接復(fù)合詞。例：self-confidence 自信a three-mile walk 三英里的散步a world-famous scientist 一個(gè)世界聞名的科學(xué)家2用于連接數(shù)字中的十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)例：twenty-two 22 one hundred and fifty-seven

11、 157 3用于連接用作定語的詞，或作定語的序數(shù)詞的分子和分母。例：a two-month-old baby 一個(gè)兩個(gè)月大的嬰兒a four-thousand-word article 一篇4000字的文章a two-thirds majority of the vote 選票的三分之二多數(shù)4用于連接詞綴與詞。例：re-create再創(chuàng)造 pre-war 戰(zhàn)前 co-worker 合作者八 省字號(hào)（ ）表示簡略式或名詞所有格例：Ill go to the barbers. 我要去理發(fā)店。Dont you know the rule? 你難道不知道這條規(guī)則嗎？They arent busy to

12、day. 他們今天不忙。九 破折號(hào)（-）用于補(bǔ)充說明或評(píng)語。 例：They are giving away flowers-free, of course. 他們?cè)诜炙突ǘ?，?dāng)然是免費(fèi)的。It was a decisive battle-we won the war because of it. 那是一場決定性的戰(zhàn)役-我們正是由于那場戰(zhàn)役才打贏了這場戰(zhàn)爭。幾個(gè)容易用錯(cuò)的英語標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)用法整理了一些標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的用法，希望能與英語愛好者一同學(xué)習(xí)、進(jìn)步，同時(shí)，也歡迎大家來補(bǔ)充一些有關(guān)于標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的用法。I逗號(hào)（，）1在并列句中，連詞（and,but,or,for,so,nor,yet）的前面用逗號(hào)。應(yīng)當(dāng)指

13、出，如果兩個(gè)或三個(gè)并列從句都很簡短，意思又緊密相連，它們之間可以不用連詞而只用逗號(hào)：Amemoirishistory,itisbasedonevidence.2.寫日期時(shí)，如次序是月日年，在日和年之間加逗號(hào)。如次序是日月年，則不加逗號(hào)：HewasbornonOctober15,1983.Hewasbornon15October1983.注意：英文中是沒有頓號(hào)的，基本上可以說在中文中用頓號(hào)的地方可以用逗號(hào)取代。II句號(hào)（.）1. 省略詞一般加句號(hào)，如：Mr.Mrs.Ms.B.A.p.m.2. 注意在B.A.等詞后面那個(gè)句號(hào)不要丟掉，現(xiàn)在有趨勢(shì)在省略詞后面不加句號(hào)，尤其是在團(tuán)體、通訊社和廣播電臺(tái)名

14、稱后面：UNNATOBBCNBCUNESCO3. 2.如果在一個(gè)句子后面使用省略號(hào)，后面還得加句號(hào)，即變成四個(gè)句號(hào)。III分號(hào)（；）1 有些起連系作用的副詞，如however,therefore,hence,nevertheless,moreover,thus,otherwise,besides等等，不應(yīng)該用作連詞來聯(lián)系并列從句，在它們之間應(yīng)該用分號(hào)而不是逗號(hào)。2如從句內(nèi)已經(jīng)已有標(biāo)點(diǎn)，即使從句中有連詞仍應(yīng)用分號(hào)：Unfortunately,Tomcouldntcome;andhisabsencemadethingsdifficultforus.3.如若干項(xiàng)內(nèi)已有逗號(hào)，可用分號(hào)將各項(xiàng)分開：Ont

15、hecommitteearequiteafewwell-knownpeople;forexample,ProfessorZhao,DeanoftheNormalCollege;Mr.Han,editor-in-chiefofthelocaleveningpaper;MissXu,apopularactress;andMr.Hu,DirectoroftheBureauofCulture.VI.問號(hào)（？） 1. 一個(gè)文句涉及多項(xiàng)時(shí)，各項(xiàng)之后皆可打問號(hào)： Didshebuybutter?milk?eggs?apples?books? 2.放在括號(hào)中的問號(hào)表示不能肯定它前面的那個(gè)詞、數(shù)字或日期的準(zhǔn)確性

16、：Theauthorofthisstrangebookwasbornin1078(?)anddiedin1135. V.引號(hào)（“”或） 1文章、短篇故事、短詩及歌曲和書中各章節(jié)的題目，應(yīng)用引號(hào)標(biāo)出，應(yīng)當(dāng)指出，書刊名稱應(yīng)該用斜體字或字下線標(biāo)明。 2引號(hào)和其它符號(hào)配合使用時(shí)，美國的通用方法是： a.句號(hào)和逗號(hào)放在引號(hào)之內(nèi)；b.冒號(hào)和分號(hào)放在引號(hào)之外； c.破折號(hào)、問號(hào)和感嘆號(hào)，如只是與引語有關(guān)，放在引號(hào)之內(nèi)；如與整個(gè)句子有關(guān)，則放在引語之外。VI.圓括號(hào)（）1圓括號(hào)用來標(biāo)明插入性的、補(bǔ)充性的或注釋性的詞語。2表示細(xì)目的數(shù)字或字母一般放在圓括號(hào)中。VII.方括號(hào)（）1標(biāo)明引語中引用者加的或說明部分。

17、2如圓括號(hào)中還需用括號(hào)，則用方括號(hào)代替圓括號(hào)。VIII.斜體字和字下線在手寫稿和打印稿中，字下線和印刷品中的斜體字功用相同。1書籍、雜志、報(bào)紙、劇本、長詩及歌劇的名稱要用字下線或斜體字標(biāo)明。2英語中外來詞應(yīng)用字下線或斜體字標(biāo)明。3船只、飛機(jī)和藝術(shù)作品的民稱應(yīng)用字下線或斜體字標(biāo)明。4提及某一詞或字母時(shí)，應(yīng)用字下線或斜體字標(biāo)明。5.字下線或斜體字有時(shí)可以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：Whatamandoesismoreimportantthanwhathesays.常見英語標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的用法（轉(zhuǎn)） 句號(hào) Period .用以表示一個(gè)句子的結(jié)束Hockey is a popular sport in Canada.The

18、federal government is based in Ottawa.用在縮寫中B.C. is the province located on the West Coast.Dr. Bethune was a Canadian who worked in China.The company is located at 888 Bay St. in Toronto.It is 4:00 p.m. in Halifax right now.問號(hào) Question Mark ?在句子的結(jié)尾使用問號(hào)表示是直接疑問句：How many provinces are there in Canada?注

19、意：在間接疑問句結(jié)尾不要加問號(hào)：The teacher asked the class a question.Do not ask me why.嘆號(hào) Exclamation Mark !在句子的結(jié)尾使用嘆號(hào)表示驚訝、興奮等情緒：We won the Stanley Cup!The forest is on fire!逗號(hào) Comma ,句子中的停頓Therefore, we should write a letter to the prime minister.在疑問句中引出說話人：I can come today, she said, but not tomorrow.排列三個(gè)或以上的名詞

20、：Ontario, Quebec, and B.C. are the three biggest provinces.引出定語從句Emily Carr, who was born in 1871, was a great painter.單引號(hào) Apostrophe 表示所有This is Davids computer.These are the players things. (things that belong to the player)Note: 對(duì)于復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，只加These are the players things. (things that belong to the players)縮寫I dont know how to fix it.引號(hào)Quotation Marks 直接引出某人說的話：The prime minister said, We will win the election.I can come today, she said, but not tomorrow.冒號(hào)Colon :引出一系列名詞There are three positions in hockey: goalie, defence, and forward.引出一個(gè)較長的引語The prime minister said: We w