引導(dǎo)的各種從句歸納

1、As引導(dǎo)的從句一、As引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句        為了幫助同學(xué)們?nèi)嬲莆兆尣綘钫Z(yǔ)從句的倒裝用法，本文將這類語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象歸納為以下五種句型：1、名詞 + as / though + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞  King as he was，he was unhappy. 他雖是國(guó)王，但他并不幸福。Child as he is，he knows to help other. 他雖是個(gè)孩子，卻知道幫助別人。 【說(shuō)明】其中的動(dòng)詞通常為連系動(dòng)詞，也就是說(shuō)位于句首的名詞是其后連系動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)。另外，要特別注意位于句首的名詞前習(xí)慣

2、上不用冠詞，即使其前有形容詞修飾也不用冠詞。比較：Boy as though he is， he likes to play with girls.=Though he is a boy，he likes to play with girls. 他雖是男孩，卻喜歡與女孩子玩。Strong man as though he is，General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks.= Though he is a strong man， General Botha has been severely

3、put to the test during the past few weeks. 波賽將軍雖然堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，但在過(guò)去的數(shù)周里也受到了嚴(yán)峻的考驗(yàn)。2、形容詞 + as / though + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞 Successful as he is，he is not proud. 他雖然成功，但不驕傲。Improbable as it seems，its true. 雖然看起來(lái)不太可能，但卻是真的。Stupid as it sounds，I was so in love with her that I believed her. 盡管聽(tīng)起來(lái)很愚蠢，我是如此愛(ài)她竟然相信了她的話。Patient

4、 as he was，he didnt like waiting that long. 他雖說(shuō)有耐心，也不愿等這么長(zhǎng)。Beautiful though the necklace was，we thought it was over-priced. 那條項(xiàng)鏈雖然很漂亮，我們認(rèn)為價(jià)錢(qián)太高?！菊f(shuō)明】其中的動(dòng)詞也通常為連系動(dòng)詞，也就是說(shuō)位于句首的形容詞是其后連系動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)。3、副詞 + as / though + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞Much as I like Paris，I couldnt live there. 盡管我喜歡巴黎，但我不能住在那里。Hard though they tried，they

5、couldnt make her change her mind. 盡管他們做了很大努力，卻沒(méi)法讓她改變主意。Fast as you read， you cant finish the book in two days. 盡管你讀得很快，你總不能在兩天之內(nèi)就讀完這本書(shū)。He was unable to make much progress，hard as he tried. 盡管他做了努力，卻未能取得很大進(jìn)步?！菊f(shuō)明】有的詞典將 much as 作為習(xí)語(yǔ)看待，認(rèn)為它是一個(gè)用以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合連詞。再如：Much as I admire him as a writer，I do not l

6、ike him as a man. 他作為一名作家我很佩服他，但我卻不喜歡他這個(gè)人。Much as I like you，I couldnt live with you. 我盡管很喜歡你，卻不能和你在一起生活。4、動(dòng)詞原形 + as / though + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞Object as you may，Ill go.縱使你反對(duì)，我也要去。Try as he might，he couldnt solve the problem. 盡管他想方設(shè)法，卻未解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Search as they would，they would find nobody in the house. 無(wú)論怎樣搜查，他

7、們?cè)诜孔永锶匀粵](méi)有找到一個(gè)人。Dislike him as we may，we must acknowledge his greatness. 盡管我們不喜歡他，但必須承認(rèn)他的偉大。Lose money as I did，we got a lot of experience. 錢(qián)雖然丟了，我們卻得到了許多經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Fail in the election as he did，he became famous for his fiery speech against slavery. 盡管落選了，但他卻以其反對(duì)奴隸制的激烈演說(shuō)而出了名?！菊f(shuō)明】主語(yǔ)后的動(dòng)詞通常為 may，might，would，di

8、d 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞(若表示情態(tài)意義，則選用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；若陳述事實(shí)，則用 did，do 等助動(dòng)詞)。5、分詞 + as / though + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞Raining hard as it is， Im going out for a walk. 雖然正在下著大雨，我還是要出去散步。Surrounded as we were by the enemy，we managed to march forward. 雖然我們被敵人包圍著，但我們還是設(shè)法前進(jìn)了。Munching the apple as he was，he had got an eye for all Johns movements

9、. 他盡管在一個(gè)勁地嚼著蘋(píng)果，但仍警惕著約翰的一舉一動(dòng)。6、補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明1）這類倒裝的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句可用 as， though 來(lái)引導(dǎo)，不能用 although 來(lái)引導(dǎo)；但是，未倒裝的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句卻可用 though， although 來(lái)引導(dǎo)，而不能用 as 來(lái)引導(dǎo)。也就是說(shuō)， although 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能倒裝，as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)必須倒裝，而 though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以倒裝也可以不倒裝。如：雖然很晚了，但我們還是繼續(xù)工作。正：Late as though it was，we still went on working.正：Though it was late，we st

10、ill went on working.誤：Late although it was，we still went on working .誤：As it was late，we still went on working.2）上面提到的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)也可用來(lái)表示原因，區(qū)別的辦法主要看句子的內(nèi)容：讓步從句的內(nèi)容大多數(shù)與主句在意義上相反，而原因從句則與主句之間有因果關(guān)系。比較：Tired as he was，he sat up late studying at night. 昨晚他雖然很疲倦了，但還是學(xué)習(xí)到很晚才睡。(表讓步)Tired as he was，he went to bed early.

11、 因?yàn)楹芾郏运煤茉纭?表原因)Young as he was，he was equal to the task. 他雖年輕，卻能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。(表讓步)Young as he was，he was not equal to the task. 他因?yàn)槟贻p，所以不能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。(表原因)3）在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中，人們通常用 as.as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Cold as it was， we went out.=As cold as it was， we went out. 盡管天氣冷，我們還是出去了。Successful as he is， he is not proud.=As succ

12、essful as he is， he is not proud. 他雖成功了，但不驕傲。 二、as 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句        as 的用法:(as 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, 在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ))     (一) 如為限制性的，多用于the same as ; the same as；such as ; as many/much as；so as等結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：1. I have the same book as you (have). 我有一本和你的一樣的書(shū)。 

13、  Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been. (關(guān)系代詞as和指示代詞same連用, 在從句中用作表語(yǔ), 先行詞是same.) 2.-Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now?- I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning. We will only discuss such problems as have

14、something to do with our own interests.Don't do such things as you are not sure about.There is no such place as you dream of in all this world.比較：I live in the same house that he used to live in.          I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yes

15、terday.比較：Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. （定語(yǔ)從句）          Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）     (二) 如為非限制性的，多單獨(dú)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，這種定語(yǔ)從句可置于句首，句中或句尾，譯為"正如，這一點(diǎn)"。（動(dòng)詞常為know, see, expect, point out, etc.）

16、60;1. As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as 作賓語(yǔ))=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health . （as 作主語(yǔ)）=It's known to all that smoking is harmful to one's health .或:Smoking is harmful to one's health , as we all know .（as 作賓語(yǔ)）或: Smoking, as we all kn

17、ow, is harmful to one' health.2.He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.  (賓語(yǔ), 先行詞是前面整個(gè)句子)當(dāng)先行詞被the same所修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系詞既可以用as，也可以用that。在表示具體事物時(shí)，有時(shí)兩者有一定的區(qū)別。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，表示同一種類多用as，表示同一事物多用that。如：This is the same instrument that I used yesterday. 這就是我昨天用過(guò)的那臺(tái)儀器。This is the same instrument as I used yest

18、erday. 這臺(tái)儀器跟我昨天用過(guò)的那臺(tái)一樣。在抽象概念上，同種類和同一事物是沒(méi)有絕對(duì)區(qū)別的，所以兩個(gè)詞可換用：I have the same opinion as / that you have.這里要注意的是：（1）使用as時(shí)，它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞可以省略，但使用that時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞不可省略。如：Women received the same pay as men.Women received the same pay that men received.(2) 在“the samethat”結(jié)構(gòu)中，that只是用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，強(qiáng)調(diào)“相同”。that可以省去而不改變句子原意，甚至

19、連名詞前的same也可以省去。如：This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.= This is the same instrument I used yesterday.= This is the instrument I used yesterday.但在“the sameas”結(jié)構(gòu)中，same和as都不能省略。(3) 當(dāng)“the samethat”結(jié)構(gòu)中的that作為關(guān)系副詞用時(shí)，不可以直接與as互換。如：He lives in the same building that I live.= He lives in the same building as / t