成都中考英語(yǔ)新題型-閱讀排序解題策略

1、成都中考英語(yǔ)新題型閱讀排序解題策略 說(shuō)明：2013年成都市中考B卷不考翻譯題，增添了“排序題”為新題型。此題型對(duì)于剛接觸的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)有一定的難度。主要是不知道如何下手。面對(duì)此種題型，首要的任務(wù)是搞懂文章的主題，在根據(jù)主題信息判斷整理敘述事物的邏輯循序。一般而言，該種題型的邏輯性較強(qiáng)，特別是以故事性為主的文章，這點(diǎn)尤為突出。在文章中出現(xiàn)的各種連詞、時(shí)間副詞以及定冠詞等重復(fù)性較高可以作為排序的主要關(guān)鍵詞。 【試題解析】閱讀排序題不僅要求考生在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)充分理解文章的主旨大意，而且重點(diǎn)考查邏輯思維能力，著實(shí)讓不少考生頭疼。如何讓他們掌握有效的技巧和方法輕松應(yīng)對(duì)考試，已經(jīng)成為越來(lái)越多的考生關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。

2、中考英語(yǔ)閱讀文章具有生詞較多、句型結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜、語(yǔ)篇較長(zhǎng)等特點(diǎn)，而閱讀排序題則在此基礎(chǔ)上增加了一定難度，把原本完整的文章挖出5個(gè)空，并給出67個(gè)選項(xiàng)的句子。考生需要在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)通讀全文，從所給的選項(xiàng)中選擇5個(gè)句子填入短文空白處，使其文理通順。這就要求考生在閱讀各個(gè)段落時(shí)把握它們的中心大意，并且將各段的段落大意進(jìn)行整合，理清它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系和順序。如果選錯(cuò)一個(gè)，便會(huì)牽連其它選項(xiàng)，由此影響整片文章的連貫性。那么，如何幫助考生在考試中及時(shí)獲取有效信息，輕松突破閱讀難關(guān)呢?以下是我在平時(shí)教學(xué)工作中總結(jié)和積累的一些技巧和方法：l 把握文章語(yǔ)篇模式11 “話(huà)題+論點(diǎn)+論證”。閱讀指導(dǎo)：這類(lèi)文章往往是整理

3、就某一話(huà)題發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)，然后通過(guò)事例加以論證。閱讀這類(lèi)文章要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：文章的話(huà)題是什么?整理就這一問(wèn)題提出了什么樣的觀點(diǎn)?整理用了哪些主要事例來(lái)證明自己的觀點(diǎn)?如：貴陽(yáng)市2008年中考閱讀排序題的話(huà)題是音樂(lè)，整理觀點(diǎn)是：音樂(lè)可以改善人的身體和精神，并給出了十一歲女孩Sophia音樂(lè)治療癌癥的事例。12 “對(duì)比與比較”。閱讀指導(dǎo)：文章通過(guò)對(duì)比或比較來(lái)說(shuō)明兩個(gè)事物間的不同之處或某些相似點(diǎn)。寫(xiě)作方式一般有兩種：一種是分開(kāi)比較模式，即先論述甲事物的特點(diǎn)或狀況再論述乙事物的，可簡(jiǎn)述為“A+B”模式；另一種為交替比較模式，即對(duì)事物的幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行逐項(xiàng)比較，可簡(jiǎn)述為“AB+AB”模式。在閱讀這類(lèi)文章時(shí)要

4、注意文章在哪幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了比較，哪些是不同點(diǎn)，哪些是相同點(diǎn)。如：貴陽(yáng)市2010年中考有一篇關(guān)于家庭中兄弟對(duì)比的文章，整理認(rèn)為第一個(gè)孩子比第二個(gè)孩子更受到父母的關(guān)注，因此第一個(gè)孩子更有責(zé)任感和勤奮，而第二個(gè)孩子更加自由、外向并容易發(fā)怒。13 “問(wèn)題 分析 解決辦法”。閱讀指導(dǎo)：這類(lèi)文章多屬于敘述性的說(shuō)明文。往往是先提出某個(gè)領(lǐng)域或某個(gè)方面出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，然后對(duì)詞題進(jìn)行分析，最后提出或陳述解決的辦法。14 “列舉”。閱讀指導(dǎo)：通過(guò)列舉的方式來(lái)呈現(xiàn)事實(shí)、觀點(diǎn)、理由、原因等，使原來(lái)紛繁的內(nèi)容就會(huì)變得井然有序，有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)明確的信號(hào)詞(如： SecondlyThirdlyFinally)，但在沒(méi)有信號(hào)詞時(shí)，我們

5、只要清楚有哪幾個(gè)層次，逐項(xiàng)或分層次進(jìn)行編號(hào)。2 排序題的解題步驟21 通讀文章每段的首句(如果沒(méi)有首句則讀第二旬和最后一局)，理解段落大意和段落之問(wèn)的邏輯關(guān)系，確定語(yǔ)篇模式。22 仔細(xì)閱讀給出的選項(xiàng)，檢查句子意思與段落大意是否一致，排除不合理的選項(xiàng)。23 閱讀余下合理的選項(xiàng)，確定其在文章中的段落并標(biāo)注。24 了解上下文，檢查文理是否通順。3排序題的解題方法和技巧31 先易后難。選擇自己最熟悉、最明顯的答案先填，根據(jù)“先易后難”的原則逐個(gè)選填。如：談到傾聽(tīng)是最好的良藥一文時(shí)，時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)中問(wèn)就應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)人物，然后再按事情發(fā)展的順序填寫(xiě)選項(xiàng)。32 詞語(yǔ)呼應(yīng)。一般情況下文章中出現(xiàn)的單詞與選項(xiàng)句子中的單詞

6、總會(huì)有一些必然的了解，如貴陽(yáng)市2010年適應(yīng)性考試的一篇文章，文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)feel這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)句中就有At first，it is not easy to feel these things通過(guò)”感覺(jué)”這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)便可確定選項(xiàng)句所在的段落，由此減輕學(xué)生閱讀的難度。33 上下文了解。這種題所采用的語(yǔ)段一般都是在上句與下旬或上半句與下半句之間有一定的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，我們只要抓住它們的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系就可以解答這種題了。【模擬題訓(xùn)練】閱讀排序：閱讀下列句子，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容重新排列所有句子的順序，使其構(gòu)成意義完整正確；邏輯順序合理的語(yǔ)篇，并將代表句子的字母填寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)的位置。(1)A good breakfast

7、is important.A. Not everyone can easily understand it.B. Your body needs food for morning activities.C. But why is a good breakfast important?D. On a cold morning a cup of hot drinks is necessary(必需的).E. By breakfast time you have not eaten anything about twelve hours.F. One good breakfast should be

8、 rice or bread, an egg, milk and fruit.G. If you dont eat breakfast, you will be hungry the whole morning.H. A good breakfast helps you to smile more easily.I. It helps you to be more friendly.J. And it also helps you to work better and play more happily.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.(2) Australia has a lot

9、of lovely animals.A. The kangaroo is the symbol of Australia.B. They can go over nine metres in one jump!C. They are on TV, in books and in the shops.D. The most famous ones are kangaroos and koalas.E. The government even wants to put them on passports (護(hù)照).F. They dont walk, they jump.G. They can j

10、ump at up to 74 kilometres per hour.H. The babies stay inside to get milk and keep warm.I. Kangaroo mothers have pouches (育兒袋) to carry their babies.J. Kangaroos are everywhere in Australia.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.(3)A. So how long have you been studying English?B. Thank you. But in fact my spoken Engl

11、ish is very good, I am not good at writing.C. I agree with you.D. hey, Mario. You get an A in the English test again. You are so talented.E. For more than ten years.F. Not at all.G. Oh, I used to be afraid of that too. But after I joined the English club, I have been doing quite well about new words

12、. We always make some flashcard and make vocabulary lists. It helps a lot.H. Well, if you can speak very well, Im sure you can also make progress in writing skills.I. Thats a little long time. I think maybe you have many experiences of learning English. Would you mind giving me some suggestions?J. I

13、 often have a difficult time memorizing new words. And I find it very frustrating all the time.-Thank you very much. -Youre welcome.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.閱讀排序：閱讀下列句子，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容重新排列所有句子的順序，使其構(gòu)成意義完整正確；邏輯順序合理的語(yǔ)篇，并將代表句子的字母填寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)的位置。(4) December 25 is Christmas Day.A. Christmas is an important holiday in ma

14、ny countries.B. Most families buy trees.C. On Christmas Day, most families get together for a big dinner.D. Of course, Father Christmas isnt real.E. The families decorate(裝飾) the tree together.F. They put the presents under the tree or into their childrens stocking(長(zhǎng)統(tǒng)襪) after the children go to slee

15、p.G. They give presents to each other and visit friends.H. Parents usually tell their children that Father Christmas comes during the night and brings presents to good children.I. The parents of the children are really “Father Christmas”.J. The Christmas tree is an important part of the Christmas ho

16、liday.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.(5) Hi, Louis!A. For example, in Japan, New Year is for spending time with the family to eat, talk, have fun, and go to the temples.B. Im writing to tell you something about the customs and festivals. C. On some of them you go out with friends; on others you stay home to e

17、at, talk, and have fun with your family. D. This is much more interesting than learning them at the library from morning to evening.E.I have been interested in foreign customs since I was little.F. For example in the U.S., everyone thinks New Years Eve and New Year are both for partying with friends.G. Everyone loves holidays since one doesnt need to go to school or work.H. If you learn these different holiday customs, you will learn about different histories and cultures.I. The opp