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1、七年級(jí)可數(shù)名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)練習(xí)(附加:名詞單數(shù)面復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則) 一、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別普通名詞所表示的人或事物是可以按個(gè)數(shù)計(jì)算的,這類名詞叫可數(shù)名詞??蓴?shù)名詞分為個(gè)體名詞(表示某類人或事物中的個(gè)體,如worker, farmer, desk, factory等) 集體名詞(表示作為一個(gè)整體來(lái)看的一群人或一些事物,如people,family 等)。 如果普通名詞所表示的事物是不能按個(gè)數(shù)來(lái)計(jì)算的,這類名詞就叫不可數(shù)名詞。
2、不可數(shù)名詞分為 物質(zhì)名詞(表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì),如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等) 抽象名詞(表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、情況、品質(zhì)等抽象概念,如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。 二、關(guān)于可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個(gè)人或一件事物時(shí),用單數(shù)形式;指兩個(gè)或多個(gè)人或事物時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。名詞由單數(shù)形式變成復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則如下:1. 一般的名詞詞尾直接加-s 。如:book books room roomshouse houses day days2. 以s,ss, ch,sh,
3、x 結(jié)尾的名詞,在詞尾加-es 。但是有些以o結(jié)尾的外來(lái)詞或縮寫(xiě)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式只加s,另外如果字母o前面是元音字母也只加s。piano->pianos(外來(lái)詞,from Italian)photo->photos(from greece)bamboo->bamboos(結(jié)尾的o前面是元音字母o)cameo->cameos(元音字母e) bus buses glass glasseswatch watchesdish dishes box boxes3. 以"輔音字母+y
4、"結(jié)尾的名詞,要先將y改為i再加-es。如:city cities body bodiesfactory factories等等。 boy boys play plays 4. 以f 或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞,要將f或fe改為v再加-es。如:half halves
5、0; leaf leavesknife knives wife wives 5. 特例,特例常常考,要記住。 child children man men woman women policeman policemen(規(guī)律:man men) tomato tomatoes potato potatoes注意: 初中英語(yǔ)以o 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)只有這兩個(gè)詞加-es,其余的當(dāng)然加-s嘍!如:photo photos 以O(shè)結(jié)尾的單詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),有生命的加es,無(wú)生命的加s. 如:photo,zoo,為無(wú)生命的
6、,s tomato,potato為有生命的,es. foot feet tooth teeth注意: oo變成ee sheep, Chinese, Japanese單、復(fù)數(shù)同形注意:變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)詞形不變。 people單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,要求謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);people的復(fù)數(shù)形式peoples通常指“多個(gè)民族”。6.集體名詞:表示一群人或物的名詞叫集體名詞。為便于弄清其特點(diǎn),我們不妨把它們分為表示無(wú)生命的物的“類”和表示主要是由人構(gòu)成的“群”的集體名詞。表示“類”的集體名詞,常見(jiàn)的有Clothing、furniture、baggage/luggage、jewel
7、ry、traffic、information、machinery、merchandise、produce、scenery 形式上總是單數(shù),沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。The old machinery is out of date. 不可直接與a(n)或數(shù)詞連用。表數(shù)量時(shí)用much,little,some,a piece of,an article of等:Each room has five pieces of furniture. 若需用代詞,用單數(shù)代詞:Do you wan
8、t to see my jewelry?It is in the box.表示“群”的集體名詞常見(jiàn)的有1.People、police、cattle、poultry、vermin、clergy、militia、crew;以上的單詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù):The police are looking for him2.amily、class、team、government、crowd、committee、jury、party、firm、couple、board、group、gang、enemy、union、audience、public、mankind、humanity、youth以上的詞把若集
9、體當(dāng)作一個(gè)整體時(shí),用作單數(shù);若考慮構(gòu)成這些集體的各個(gè)成員時(shí),看作復(fù)數(shù)。My family is a large one.我的家庭是個(gè)大家庭My family are all workers.我家里人都是工人注意:把一個(gè)集體名詞看作單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù),要注意前后一致。如:The team is famous for its(不能用their) long history.該對(duì)以歷史悠久而聞名。 三、關(guān)于不可數(shù)名詞1. 不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù),當(dāng)它作句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如:The food is very fresh.食品很新鮮。2. 有的不可數(shù)名詞也可以作可數(shù)名詞,有復(fù)數(shù)形
10、式,但他們的意義往往發(fā)生變化。如:water (水) waters (水域) orange (橘汁) oranges (橘子) people(人)peoples(民族)3. 很多不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)為不可數(shù),表示種類時(shí)就可數(shù),但意義大多不發(fā)生變化。如:fruit fruits food foods fish fishes
11、60; hair hairs四、名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)“六注意”1、可數(shù)名詞是可以用來(lái)計(jì)數(shù)的名詞。可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:desk-desks, apple-apples等。不可數(shù)名詞是不可以直接用來(lái)計(jì)數(shù)的名詞。不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,只有單數(shù)形式。如:some bread, a little milk等。2、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí),前面要用不定冠詞a(an),表示特指時(shí),前面要用定冠詞the; 而不可數(shù)名詞前不能用a(an)修飾,表示特指時(shí),前面一定要用定冠詞the。如:He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人。No one can see air.
12、沒(méi)有人能看見(jiàn)空氣。3、可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等來(lái)修飾,表示"一些,許多"。如:There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有許多水。4、可數(shù)名詞前可用具體的數(shù)詞來(lái)表示具體的數(shù)量。如:two apples, four books等。不可數(shù)名詞前通常用"單位詞+of"來(lái)表示數(shù)量。如: a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。5
13、、可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。如:This picture is very beautiful. 這幅畫(huà)很美。不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式,但是不可數(shù)名詞前有復(fù)數(shù)"單位詞"時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:There are two cups of tea on the table. 桌上有兩杯茶。6、對(duì)可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語(yǔ)提問(wèn)用how many; 對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語(yǔ)提問(wèn)用how much。 如:How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少個(gè)蘋(píng)果?How much tea
14、is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水?注意:對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞前的"單位詞"的修飾語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí),疑問(wèn)詞用how many。 如:How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盤(pán)子里有多少片面包?單復(fù)數(shù)同形:deer 鹿 means 手段,方法 sheep 羊,綿羊 series 連續(xù),系列 fish 魚(yú) species 種類 Chinese 漢語(yǔ)(單),中國(guó)人(復(fù)) works 工廠;作品 ethics 倫理學(xué)(單);道德行為(復(fù)) statistics 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)(單);數(shù)據(jù)(復(fù)
15、) 名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞,其中可數(shù)名詞具有單復(fù)數(shù)的形式;而不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則如下: 1一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5. 以o結(jié)尾
16、,有生命的加es, 無(wú)生命的加s. 如:potato-potatoes. zoo-zoos6不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù): man-men, woman-women,policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet,. tooth-teeth,fish-fish, sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, 當(dāng)people后加上s時(shí)即people
17、s表示“民族”例如There are 56 peoples in China. 以下詞為常為不可數(shù)名詞,他們的復(fù)數(shù)形式就是他們本身。water(水) milk(牛奶) tea(茶) rice(米飯) orange(橙汁)juice(果汁)bread(面包)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量關(guān)系可借助量詞表示,如。a cup of tea two cups of tea一用所給名詞的正確形式填空。1. I have two_ (knife)2. There are many _ here. (box)3. Th
18、ere are many _ on the road. (bus)4. A few _ are drawing on the wall. (boy)5. The _ are playing football now. (child)1Look at those _. (child)6.I can see a _ standing near the door. (policeman)7Do you want some _ for dinner? (potato)8 In autumn, you can see a lot of _ on the ground.(leaf)
19、 9He has two _.One is blue , the other is yellow.( box)10 Two _ live in this building .( family )11 There are so many_(wolf)in the forest.12 There are three _(chair) in the classroom.13.These _(tomato) are red. 14._(hero) are great.15.My brot
20、her looks after two _(baby)16.There are some _(deer) eating the grass.17.My father likes to eat _(potato). 18.Chinese _(people)like to eat noodles.19.I have a lot of _(toy) in my bedroom.20.I help my mother wash _(dish) in the kitchen.21I have two _(pencil-box). 22.There
21、are some _(bus)in the street.23.Peter has eight _(foot). 24.Linda has three _(tooth).25.There are some _(child) in the garden.26.Michael likes the _(mouse).27.There are some _(goose)in the river. 28.My uncle and father are _(man).29.Tom and King ar
22、e _(boy). 30.Linda has three _(tooth).二選擇填空 1They come from different _ A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys2. How many _ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos
23、; B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato3. There are_ birds in that big tree. A. hundreds of B. five hundreds of
24、; C. five hundred of D. hundred of4. There are some _ in these _. A.knifespencil-boxes B.knivespencils-box C.knivespencil-box D.knivespencils-boxes5. _ are
25、good for our health . A. Tomatos B. Tomatoes C. Tomato6. I like to eat cake with _. 7. A. cherries B. cherry
26、 C.cherrys8. _ and _ are not friends. A. Foxswolfs B.Foxeswolfs C. Foxeswolves8. Do you want to drink _ much ? A、a milk
27、160; B、milk C、milks9. This is room. Its very big. A、Lily and Lucys B、Lilys and Lucys
28、 C、Lilys and Lucy10. Do you want some _ for supper? A、a potato B、potatoes C、potatos11. In autumn,you can see a lot
29、 of_ on the ground. A、leaf B、leafs C、leaves12. My sister has two _. One is old,the other is new. A、a w
30、atch B、watchs C、watches13.There _ on the wall .They are very beautiful. A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos14. Thats
31、160; _ art book. A. an B. a C. the D are15. There _ two_ in the box.
32、; A. is, watch B. are, watches C. are, watch D. is, watches16.There is no _ in the plate. A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. Eggs鞏固練習(xí)寫(xiě)出下列詞對(duì)應(yīng)的
33、復(fù)數(shù)形式(注意:不可數(shù)名詞不變,單復(fù)數(shù)同形的要寫(xiě)出來(lái)) 1.I_ 2.him _ 3.this _ 4.her _ 5.wash _6.child _ 7.photo _ 8.diary _ 9.day
34、160; _ 10.foot_ 11.book_ 12. dress _13.month_ 14.sheep _ 15.box_16.strawberry _17.thief_ 18.peach_ 19.sandwich _ 20.man_21.woman_ 22.paper_ 23.juice_
35、160; 24.water_ 25.milk_26.rice_ 27.tea_ 28.leaf_ 29. puppy_ _30. wish_ 31. knife_ 32. fly_ 33.fox_ 34. bus_ _35. bench_36. brush_
36、0; 37.church_38.dish_ 39.ruler_ 40.party_41. glass_ 42.pencil_43.boy_ 44.zoo_ 45.man_46. roof_ 47.shop
37、_ 48. life_ _ 49.lady_ 50.key_ 51.side_ 52.watch_ 53.bamboo_ 54.city_ 55.family_56.apple_ 57.eraser_ 58
38、.speech_59.mouse_ 60.fish_61.goose_ 62. people _63.ox_ 64. mouth _ 65.deer _66.friend_ 67.library _ 68.oth_ 69.hero_ _ 70.boss_71.donkey_ 72.radio _73. horse
39、 _ 74. dog _ 75 monkey_76 text_ 77 Chinese_ 78 Japanese_ 79. factory _ 80.half_81.German_82.country_83.toy_ 84. pear_85. test_86. army_87. hour_88._89. dinosaur _ 90.Italian_91. inventor _ 92.musician_
40、60; 93.scientist_94.accident_ 95.pear_96.professor_ 97.shelf_98.season_ 99.trip_100. play_四、 寫(xiě)出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange 2、class
41、 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、
42、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、J
43、apanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army_ 17、tomato _ 18、fox 1
44、9、woman 20、knife 練習(xí)題一、 寫(xiě)出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange oranges 2、class classes 3
45、、text texts 4、monkey monkeys 5、piano pianos
46、 6、child children 7、shelf shelves 8、bed beds 9、country contries
47、; 10、family families 11、toy toies 12、foot feet 13、Japanese Jap
48、anese 14、radio 15、photo photos 16、army armies 17、tomato&
49、#160; tomatoes 18、fox foxes 19、woman women 20、knife knives 22、sheep&
50、#160; sheep 二、選擇填空 1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful. A. are photoes B. are photos
51、0; C. is a photo D. is photos 2. This car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were
52、0; D .has 3. There are four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, German C. Japanese,
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