高中英語近義詞

1、高 中 英 語 易 混 易 錯 詞 匯 總 結(jié) 1. clothes, cloth, clothing clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)， cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 2. incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident. 3. amount, number amount后接不可數(shù)名詞， number后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students 4. family, ho

2、use, home home 家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員. My family is a happy one. 5. sound, voice, noise sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside. 6. photo, picture, drawing photo用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫的畫 Let's go and see a good picture. 7. vocabulary, word vocabulary

3、詞匯，一個人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞He has a large vocabulary. 8. population, people population人口，人數(shù)，people具體的人 China has a large population. 9. weather, climate weather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate長期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you. 10. road, street, path, way road具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑 take this ro

4、ad; in the street, show me the way to the museum. 11. course, subject course課程（可包括多門科目），subject科目（具體的學(xué)科）a summer course 12. custom, habit custom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接to do， habit生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot. 13. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事實或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，r

5、eason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 14. exercise, exercises, practice exercise運動，鍛煉（不可數(shù)），exercises練習(xí)（可數(shù)），practice（反復(fù)做的）練習(xí) Practice makes perfect. 15. class, lesson 作"課"解時,兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson. 指班級或全體學(xué)生用class. lesson 6; class 5 16. speech, talk, lecture speech指在

6、公共場所所做的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on 17. officer, official officer部隊的軍官，official政府官員 an army officer 18. work, job 二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù) a good job 19. couple, pair couple主要指人或動物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers 20. country, nation, state, land country側(cè)重指版圖，

7、疆域，nation指人民，國民，民族，state側(cè)重指政府，政體，land國土，國家 The whole nation was sad at the news. 21. cook, cooker cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook. 22. damage, damages damage不可數(shù)名詞, 損害，損失; damages復(fù)數(shù)形式, 賠償金 $900 damages 23. police, policeman police警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞，policeman 指某個具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone

8、 in the house. 24. problem, question problem常和困難連系，前面的動詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用 25. man, a man man人類，a man一個男人 Man will conquer nature. 26. chick, chicken 二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當(dāng)雞肉 The chicken is delicious. 27. telegram, telegraph 當(dāng)電報解時，telegram指具體的，telegraph指抽象的 a tel

9、egram, by telegraph 28. trip, journey, travel, voyage travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip 29. sport, game sport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等；game指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則 His favorite sport is swimming. 30. price, prize price價格，prize獎，獎品，獎金 win the first prize The price is high/low

10、. 31. a number of, the number of a number of許多，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of的數(shù)目，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The number of students is increasing. 32. in front of, in the front of in front of范圍外的前面，in the front of范圍內(nèi)的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy. 33. of the day, of a day of the day每一天的，當(dāng)時的，當(dāng)代的， of a day暫時的，不長久的 a famo

11、us scientist of the day 34. three of us, the three of us three of us我們（不止三個）中的三個，the three of us我們?nèi)齻€（就三個人）The three of us-Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema. 35. by bus, on the bus by bus表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus表范圍 They went there by bus. 36. for a moment, for the moment for a moment 片刻，一會兒，for the mo

12、ment暫時，一時 Thinking for a moment, he agreed. 37. next year, the next year next year將來時間狀語，the next year過去將來時間狀語 He said he would go abroad the next year. 38. more than a year, more than one year more than a year一年多，more than one year超過一年（兩年或三年等） 39. take advice, take the(one's) advice take advice

13、征求意見，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again. 40. take air, take the air take air傳播，走漏，take the air到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day. 41. in a word, in words in a word總之，一句話， in words口頭上 In a word, you are right. 42. in place of, in the place of in place of代替，in the place

14、of在地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one. 43. in secret, in the secret in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語；in the secret知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語 My mother was in the secret from the beginning. 44. a girl, one girl a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一個女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box? 45. take a chair, take

15、 the chair take a chair相當(dāng)于sit down坐下，take the chair開始開會 46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea go to sea當(dāng)海員，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海邊 go by sea 47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher the doctor and teacher指一個人，既是醫(yī)生又是老師，the doctor and the teacher兩個人，一個醫(yī)生和一個老師 the doctor and teacher is

16、 48. in office, in the office in office在職的，in the office在辦公室里 He is in office, not out of office. 49. in bed, on the bed in bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed. 50. in charge of, in the charge of in charge of管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料， in the charge of由照料 He is in charge of the matter. The m

17、atter is in the charge of her. 51. in class, in the class in class在課上，in the class在班級里 He is the best student in the class. 52. on fire, on the fire on fire著火,on the fire在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire. 53. out of question, out of the question out of question毫無疑問的，out of the quest

18、ion不可能的 54. a second, the second a second又一，再一，the second第 He won the second prize. 55. by day, by the day by day白天，by the day按天計算 The workers are paid by the day. 56. the people, a people the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people. 57. it, one it同一物體，one同類不同一 I lost my pen. I hav

19、e to buy a new one. 58. that, this that指代上文所提到的，this導(dǎo)出下文所要說的 I was ill. That's why 59. none, nothing, no one none強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人 - How many/How much? - None. 60. anyone, any one anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you 61. who, what who指姓名或關(guān)系，what指職業(yè)或地位 What

20、is your dad? He is a teacher. 62. what, which what的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限制的，which在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 63. other, another other后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another student 64. not a little, not a bit not a little非常，not a bit一點也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點兒也不累。 65. many, much,

21、 a lot of many和可數(shù)名詞連用，much和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books. 66. much morethan, many morethan much morethan后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many morethan后接可數(shù)名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful 67. no, not no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water 68. no

22、 more than, not more than no more than相當(dāng)于only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過 69. majority, most majority只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可 the majority of people 70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself by oneself單獨的，獨自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自動的 The door opened of itself. 71. at al

23、l, after all at all根本，全然, after all到底，畢竟 After all he is a child. 72. tall, high tall常指人或動物，high常指物體 He is tall. 73. fast, quickly fast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點，quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly 74. high, highly high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of 75. healthy, healthful healthy健

24、康的，健壯的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise 76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy. 77. gold, golden gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金魚用gold fish a gold ring 78. most, mostly most用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時是形容詞或名詞，mostly大部分,

25、是副詞 most people, the people are mostly 79. just, very just表強(qiáng)調(diào)時是副詞，作狀語，very表強(qiáng)調(diào)時是形容詞，用作定語 the very man, just the man 80. wide, broad wide側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broad shoulders 81. real, true real真的，真實的，指的是事實上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實和實際情況相符合 real gold, a true story 82. respectful, respectable respe

26、ctful尊敬，有禮貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged 83. outwards, outward 二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward還可用作形容詞 an outward voyage 84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing pleasant常用作定語，pleased, pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，pleasing主語常為物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing. 85. understanding, understandable u

27、nderstanding明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable 可理解的，能夠懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake 86. close, closely close接近，靠近，closely緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stand close 87. ill, sick ill做表語，sick定，表均可 a sick boy 88. good, well good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again. 89. quiet, silent, still q

28、uiet安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動，still完全不動，完全無聲響 He stand there still. 他站在那兒，一動不動，也不說話。 90. hard, hardly hard努力，hardly幾乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it. 91. able, capable able與不定式to do連用，capable與of連用 He is capable of doing 92. almost, nearly 二者均為"幾乎,差不多" 和否定詞連用用almost almost nobody 93

29、. late, lately late遲，晚，lately最近，近來 I haven't seen him lately. 94. living, alive, live, lively living, alive, live均為活著的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語后置，live只能做定語，lively意為活波的 all the living people=all the people alive 95. excited, exciting excited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is exciting

30、. 96. deep, deeply deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep 97. aloud, loud aloud出聲地，loud大聲地 read aloud(出聲地讀) 98. worth, worthy 二者均為值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited. 99. bad, badly bad形容詞

31、，badly副詞，不好，但與need, want, require連用為"很，非常" go bad I need the book badly. 100. before long, long before before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long 101. quite, rather quite完全地，相當(dāng)于completely, rather修飾比較級 quite impossible 102. happy, glad happy高興，幸福，定表均可，glad高興，只能做表語 a happy

32、 girl 103. instead, instead of instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語，放在句中He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film. 104. too much, much too too much 后接不可數(shù)名詞，much too后接形容詞 much too heavy 105. be about to, be going to, be to do be about to表最近的將來，后面不接時間狀語，be g

33、oing to 側(cè)重打算，想法，be to do側(cè)重意志，計劃，安排I'm to meet him.(含雙方事先約好的意思) 106. raise, rise raise及物動詞，rise不及物動詞 The sun rises in the east. 107. bring, take, carry, fetch bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動作 fetch a box of chalk 108. spend, take, pay, cost spend人做主語，花錢，花時間; spendon sth./in doing sth; take物

34、做主語，花時間; pay人做主語，花錢，pay for; cost物做主語，花錢 109. join, join in, take part in join加入某個組織，并成為其中的一員；join in參加小型的活動, join sb. in；take part in 參加大型的活動 He joined the army five years ago. 110. learn, study learn學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，study學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的過程，研究 study the problem 111. want, hope, wish want打算，想要，want to do, want sb

35、. to do, hope希望（通?？梢詫崿F(xiàn)），hope to do/ hope that wish希望（通常不能實現(xiàn)）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success. 112. discover, invent, find out discover發(fā)現(xiàn)本來存在但不為人所知的東西，invent發(fā)明本來不存在的物體，find out發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明 At last he found out the truth. 113. answer, reply answer及物動詞，reply不及物動詞，后接 to reply to the lette

36、r 114. leave, leave for leave離開，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai. 115. rob, steal rob搶劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb. 116. shoot, shoot at shoot射死，shoot at瞄準(zhǔn)，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died. 117. drop, fall drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物動詞 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice. 118

37、. search, search for search后接地點，search for后接?xùn)|西 He searched his pocket for money. 119. used to, be used to used to過去常常，be used to習(xí)慣于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用來，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early. 120. win, lose, beat win后接sth.，反義詞為lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them 121. live on, live by live o

38、n以為主食，live by靠謀生 live on fish/ live by fishing 122. beat, hit, strike beat連續(xù)性地?fù)舸?；hit打中，對準(zhǔn)打；strike打一下或若干下 beat the wings 123. meet, meet with meet遇到，meet with體驗到，遭遇到 meet with an accident 124. lose, miss lose失去（具體的物體），錯過 sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，錯過sth. is missing, miss the chance 125. be

39、 tired of, be tired with/from be tired of厭煩，be tired with/from因為而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters 126. care about, care for care about關(guān)心，計較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for關(guān)心，照料，喜歡，愿意 He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies. 127. catch a cold, have a cold catch a cold不能和表示&qu

40、ot;一段時間"的狀語連用，而have a cold可以 She has had a cold for a week. 128. change for, change into change for調(diào)換成，change into變成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice. 129. continue, last 二者均為持續(xù)，continue主動，被動均可，last只能用主動 The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.

41、 130. feed, raise feed喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng) (to give food to)， raise飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family 131. go for a doctor, go to a doctor go for a doctor去請醫(yī)生，go to a doctor去看病 132. notice, observe, catch sight of notice注意到，observe觀察，仔細(xì)地看，catch sight of突然看到 observe the stars 133. insist o

42、n, stick to insist on堅持要求，后常接doing, stick to堅持, 后常接sth. stick to the plan 134. look, seem, appear look指從外表上看，seem指內(nèi)心的判斷，appear指給人以表面的印象 appear wise, look like his father 135. gather, collect gather把分散的東西集中到一起， collect指精心地、有選擇地進(jìn)行收集 collect stamps 136. mean to do, mean doing mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean do

43、ing意思是，意味著 By this I mean giving the students more practice. 137. die from, die of die from表示死于（槍）傷，虛弱，過度勞累，飲食過度等，die of表示死于疾病，饑餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素 die of hunger and cold 138. pay for, pay back, pay off pay for為付錢，pay back還錢，但不一定還清，pay off還清 pay for the book, pay off the debt 139. divide, separate divide把一個整體分成幾部分，separate把連在一起的個體分開 divide the apple, separate the houses 140. arrive, get, reach arrive不及物動詞，后接in (大地點)，at(小地點)