（精心整理）否定疑問句

1、否定疑問句：   否定疑問句可以表示說話者驚異的情緒、責(zé)難的口吻或贊嘆；也可以表示說話者的某種建議、邀請、請求或看法等。請看下列疑問句的簡略否定式：   （be:) Aren't you a student?   難道你不是一個學(xué)生嗎？    Isn't it hot here ?   這里難道不熱嗎？  （can:) C

2、an't you wait a moment ?   你不能等一會兒嗎？ （have:)Haven't I asked you ?   難道我沒問過你嗎？ （do:) Don't you want to stay with us ?   你難道不愿意與我們呆在一起嗎？  &#

3、160;（did:)Didn't you see him yesterday ?   難道你昨天沒看見他嗎？    回答這種問題時用簡略回答。如果答語是肯定的，就用Yes；如果答語是否定的，就用No。不過，這種答語的漢語譯法有特殊之處。如：   Don't you know English?   你不懂英語吧？   Yes,I do

4、.   不，我懂。   一般否定疑問句有完全式和簡略式之分，它們的詞序是不同的。   簡略式：   Isn't she a nurse ?   她不是一位護(hù)士嗎？   完全式：  Is she not a nurse ?   她不是一位護(hù)士嗎？否定疑問句主要用于以下場合：

5、期待、請求或希望得到肯定答復(fù)時：一Dont you remember that holidaY we had in Spain? 您不記得我們在西班牙的度假嗎?一Yes, I do. 不，我記得。想要表示驚訝、不相信或夸張時：一Cant you (really) ride a bicycle? 你(真的)不會騎自行車嗎?一No, I cant. 是的，我不會。想要說服某人時：一Wont you help me? 難道你不會幫助我嗎? 一On, all right then. / No, lm afraid I cant / wont, etc. 噢，那好吧。/ 是的，恐怕我?guī)筒涣四?/ 不會幫

6、你，等等。表示批評或者表示厭煩、挖苦時：Cant you shut the door behind you? 你不能隨手關(guān)上門嗎? (不期望得到回答) 在感嘆句中 (用降調(diào))：Didnt he do well! 難道他做得不好嗎!Isnt it hot in here! 難道這里不熱嗎!感嘆句可用作陳述句的答語：一He has been very successful 他干得非常成功。一Yes, hasnt he! 是的，非常成功!否定疑問句在口語中的用法歸納表示當(dāng)說話人預(yù)期或希望得到肯定回答。如：Havent you finished yet? 你還沒有結(jié)束嗎? Dont you like

7、my new dress? 你不喜歡我的新衣服嗎? 表示驚訝或不快，通常譯為“難道不”“難道沒”等。如：Didnt you go and see your mother yesterday? 你難道昨天沒去看你母親?Dont you see Im busy? 你難道沒看見我正忙著嗎？Hasnt he got up? Its ten oclock. (難道)他還沒起床?已經(jīng)十點了。Dont you care what happens to him? 你難道不關(guān)心他出什么事嗎? 表示贊嘆或感慨，其意為“真是”，譯成漢語時通常在句末用感嘆號，句子用降調(diào)。如：Isnt the baby cute? 這

8、寶寶真可愛! Isnt a lovely day? 今天天氣真好！Hasnt she grown? 她長得真高了！表示批評、厭煩、挖苦、責(zé)難等。如：Cant you shut the door behind you? 你不能隨手關(guān)上門嗎? Cant you walk a little faster? 你不能走快點嗎？Didnt I tell you to come early? 我不是讓你早點來的嗎？Why havent you told me beforehand? 為什么你事前沒告訴我？Cant you do anything but ask silly questions? 你別一個勁地

9、提愚蠢的問題好嗎?（你除了提愚蠢的問題，難道不會干點別的?）表示較客氣地提出請求、邀請等。如：Wont you come in for a few minutes? 你可否進(jìn)來幾分鐘？Dont you think we should try again? 你不覺得我們應(yīng)該再試試? Why dont you come and spend the weekend with us? 你何不來和我們共度周末？Wouldnt it be better to play some classic music? 放點古典音樂是不是更好？一般的否定疑問句是會出現(xiàn)否定詞的，例如，don't,doesn&#

10、39;t,didn't或者是nothing.反意疑問句的用法如下，1) 陳述部分的主語是I，疑問部分要用 aren't I.I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?2) 2) 陳述部分的謂語是wish，疑問部分要用may +主語。I wish to have a word with you, may I?3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時，疑問部分用肯定含義。The Swede made no answer

11、, did he / she?Some plants never blown (開花), do they ?4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語。He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問部分常用don't +主語（didn't +主語）。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don

12、't we?6) 陳述部分的謂語是used to 時，疑問部分用didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語。He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn't you?You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問部分多用 wouldn't +主語。He would rather read

13、it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?9) 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn't +主語。You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問句，疑問部分根據(jù)實際情況而定。He must be a doctor, isn't he?You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?He must h

14、ave finished it yesterday, didn't he?11) 感嘆句中，疑問部分用be +主語。What colours, aren't they?What a smell, isn't it?12) 陳述部分由neither nor, either or 連接的并列主語時，疑問部分根據(jù)其實際邏輯意義而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?13) 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問部分主語用it。Everything is ready, is

15、n't it?14) 陳述部分為主語從句或并列復(fù)合句，疑問部分有三種情況：a. 并列復(fù)合句疑問部分，謂語動詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定。Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?b. 帶有定語從句，賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句，疑問部分謂語根據(jù)主句的謂語而定：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?c

16、. 上述部分主句謂語是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的定語從句，疑問部分與賓語從句相對應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問句。I don't think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, can't she?15) 陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時也用單數(shù)he。Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)

17、Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)16) 帶情態(tài)動詞dare或need的反意疑問句，疑問部分常用 need (dare ) +主語。We need not do it again, need we ?He dare not say so, dare you?當(dāng)dare, need 為實義動詞時，疑問部分用助動詞do + 主語。She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?17) 省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問部分用will you。Don't do that again, will

18、you?Go with me, will you / won't you ?注意： Let's 開頭的祈使句，后用shall we?Let us 開頭的祈使句，后用will you?Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?18) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問部分用there省略主語代詞。There is something wrong with your watch, isn't t

19、here?There will not be any trouble, will there?19) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問句仍用否定形式。It is impossible, isn't it?He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?20)must在表"推測"時，根據(jù)其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句。He must be there now, isn't he? It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?快速記憶表陳述部分的謂語 疑問部分I aren't I Wish may +主語no,nothing,nobody,never,few, seldom, hardly,rarely, little等否定含義的詞 肯定含義ought to（肯定的） shouldn't