新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3單元一language in use

1、Language in Use1 Find more examples of each use of hyphens in the passage We are all dying.2 Rewrite the phrases using compound adjectives3 Rewrite the sentences using Its what / how that 4 Rewrite the sentences using It is / was not just that but 5 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the que

2、stions.6 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.7 Translate the paragraphs into English.1 Look at the sentences from the passages. But most people were either looking to continue their studies, or to make a living with a white-collar job in a bank After all, we never quite know when the hooded, scyth

3、e-carrying, bringer-of-the-last-breath might come-a-calling. The novel that you want to write, the trip to the Grand Canyon youve always planned to take, your minds-eye dream-job, the West End play you want to direct you have to do them now.Language in UseLanguage in UseCompound words are usually co

4、nnected by hyphens. The hyphens can be used in different ways. These include:in compound adjectives, such as white-collar job in compound nouns, such as dream-job in longer phrases, when the writer wants to draw attention to the individual words, such as bringer-of-the-last-breath. This use is not c

5、ommon in everyday English.Find more examples of each use of hyphens in the passage We are all dying .Ive double- and triple-checked it. (compound verb)budding crypt-kickers (compound noun)a rear-view mirror (compound adjective)the once-a-year holiday to Florida or Spain (compound adjective)back-burn

6、er stuff (compound adjective)standing at the corner of the Co-op (compound noun)a sepia-coloured relative that no one can put a name to (compound adjective)Language in Use2 Rewrite the phrases using compound adjectives.1 a party which is held late at night a late-night party2 a library which is well

7、 stocked a well-stocked library3 a professor who is world famous a world-famous professor4 some advice which is well timed some well-timed adviceLanguage in Use5 a population which is growing rapidly a rapidly-growing population6 an economy which is based on free market a free-market economy7 a boat

8、 trip which lasts for half an hour a half-hour boat tripLanguage in Use3 Look at the sentence. Where our lives may lead is determined by the things we do with our time and the way we invest it.You can rewrite it like this: Its just what we do with our time, how we invest it, that determines where ou

9、r lives may lead.Language in UseRewrite the sentences using Its what / how that 1 What other people think of us is determined by how we behave. Its how we behave that determines what other people think of us.2 What sort of job we are going to end up doing is usually determined by our character. Its

10、what our character is that usually determines what sort of job we are going to end up doing.Language in Use3 What we do as a career isnt always determined by the marks we get at university. It isnt always what marks we get at university that determine what we do as a career.4 How we react to lifes p

11、roblems is often determined by our childhood experiences. It is often what we experienced in our childhood that determines how we react to lifes problems.5 When we die is determined by our genetic clock, and the changes we make to it. Its what our genetic clock is and what changes we make to it that

12、 determine when we die.Language in Use4 Look at the sentence. Not only did they crawl into such an obvious trap, it also seemed as if they couldnt be bothered to crawl out again.You can rewrite it like this: It wasnt just that they crawled into such an obvious trap, but it seemed as if they couldnt

13、be bothered to crawl out again.Language in Use Rewrite the sentences using It is / was not just that but 1 Not only were the shops all closed for Thanksgiving, there was also no one in the streets. It wasnt just that the shops were all closed for Thanksgiving, but there was no one in the streets.2 N

14、ot only did she spend all her time at college going to parties, she also took the time to gain a first-class degree. It wasnt just that she spent all her time at college going to parties, but she took the time to gain a firstclass degree.Language in Use3 Not only were they not listening to what he s

15、aid, it also seemed as if they werent at all interested. It wasnt just that they werent listening to what he said, but it seemed as if they werent at all interested.4 Not only was I upset, I also felt as if I was going to burst out crying. It wasnt just that I was upset, but I felt as if I was going

16、 to burst out crying.5 Not only was the Grim Reaper intended to frighten people, it was also a figure of fun. It wasnt just that the Grim Reaper was intended to frighten people, but it was also a figure of fun.Language in Use5 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 settle When yo

17、u settle somewhere you go there to stay.(a) Where is dust likely to settle in a room? On the surfaces that arent used very often or arent cleaned.(b) If you settle an argument, is the conclusion satisfactory? Yes, it is, because the disagreement is solved and each party is satisfied with the outcome

18、.Language in Use(c) If you settle the bill, what is there left to pay? Nothing, because you have paid everything that is owed.(d) What do you do when you settle back to watch a film? We relax in a comfortable chair and enjoy it.Language in Use2 smooth This word can mean flat or soft, comfortable, ea

19、sy or confident.(a) If the sea is smooth, are you likely to feel seasick? No, because the sea is calm. We will feel seasick if it is rough.(b) If a changeover from one government to the next is smooth, are there lots of problems? No, because the changeover has gone well, without difficulties.(c) Is

20、it a good idea to trust a smooth talker? Not necessarily, because some people who talk confidently like that do so to trick you, like a confidence trickster or conman.Language in Use3 offer This word can refer to something you would like someone to take, something someone gives, or something that is

21、 for sale.(a) If you decline an offer, do you say “yes” or “no”? We say “no”, because we are refusing it.(b) If you offer an apology to someone for something you have done, what do you say? We should say, “I apologize” or “Im sorry”.Language in Use(c) Where are you likely to see special offer? In a

22、shop, because the shop is offering a special price or reduction for something.(d) If someone has a lot to offer, what kind of person are they? They are intelligent, talented, gifted or creative and they will bring these kinds of qualities to their work.Language in Use4 bear If you bear something you

23、 carry or bring it. If you cannot bear something, you dislike it or cannot accept it.(a) If you bear something in mind, do you forget it? No, we will remember it and consider it for a particular occasion in future.(b) If you bear a resemblance to someone, in what way are you like them? We look simil

24、ar in certain physical features.(c) Is there anything you cant bear to think about? I cant bear to think too much about some of the problems in the world, famine, war, poverty etc. In the modern world, why dont we just solve them?Language in Use5 resistance This word can refer to the refusal to acce

25、pt something new, the ability not to be harmed by something, or opposition to someone or something.(a) If there is resistance to an idea, do people accept it? No, not easily. They refuse to accept the idea maybe because its just a bad idea, or they may change their mind if they understand it better.

26、Language in Use(b) If the soldiers met with resistance, what happened? The soldiers met opposition from those they were fighting against.(c) Is there a way to build up your resistance to cold? Yes, we can keep ourselves as healthy as possible with a good diet and getting enough exercise so that we a

27、re less likely to catch a cold, or if we do get one, we wont suffer so badly.Language in Use6 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.1 We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it. Most important o

28、f course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five oclock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the

29、morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence.Language in Use( and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride 這句的動(dòng)詞wear 后面帶兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，中文找不到能帶這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，故處理成四個(gè)中文短句；翻譯like medals proving their dili

30、gence時(shí)，采用“增詞法”增加“這些”來(lái)概括前面所描寫(xiě)的“眼袋”，“臉色蒼白”，“睡眼惺忪”等，使譯文含義更加清晰流暢。) 我們都覺(jué)得在校時(shí)間不多了，以后再也不會(huì)有這樣的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)了，所以都下定決心不再虛度光陰。當(dāng)然，下一年四五月份的期末考試最為重要。我們誰(shuí)都不想考全班倒數(shù)第一，那也太丟人了，因此同學(xué)們之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力特別大。以前每天下午五點(diǎn)以后，圖書(shū)館就空無(wú)一人了，現(xiàn)在卻要等到天快亮?xí)r才會(huì)有空座，小伙子們熬夜熬出了眼袋，他們臉色蒼白，睡眼惺忪，卻很自豪，好像這些都是表彰他們勤奮好學(xué)的獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。Language in Use2 Tomorrow? Its all a lie; there isnt

31、a tomorrow. Theres only a promissory note that we are often not in a position to cash. It doesnt even exist. When you wake up in the morning itll be today again and all the same rules will apply. Tomorrow is just another version of now, an empty field that will remain so unless we start planting som

32、e seeds. Your time, which is ticking away as we speak (at about 60 seconds a minute chronologically; a bit faster if you dont invest your time wisely), will be gone and youll have nothing to show for it but regret and a rear-view mirror full of “could haves”, “should haves” and “would haves”.Languag

33、e in Use( 本段的難點(diǎn)在于對(duì)一些詞的理解與翻譯，如 an empty field that will remain so, chronologically, invest your time wisely, have nothing to show for it but 等等。“could haves”, “should haves”, “would haves” 是表達(dá)與事實(shí)相反的條件句，指自己沒(méi)有做，但有可能或應(yīng)該做的事情。) 明天行嗎？明天只是個(gè)謊言；根本就沒(méi)有什么明天，只有一張我們常常無(wú)法兌現(xiàn)的期票。明天甚至壓根兒就不存在。你早上醒來(lái)時(shí)又是另一個(gè)今天了，同樣的規(guī)則又可以全部套用。明天只是現(xiàn)在的另一種說(shuō)法，是一塊空地，除非我們開(kāi)始在那里播種，否則它永遠(yuǎn)都是空地。你的時(shí)間會(huì)流逝（時(shí)間就在我們說(shuō)話的當(dāng)下嘀嗒嘀塔地走著，每分鐘順時(shí)針走60秒，如果你不能很好地利用它，它會(huì)