九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)句子成分及其句子種類+朗文知識(shí)精講試題

1、日 期： 2020 年 1 月 1 日創(chuàng) 作人：歷恰面初三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)句子成分及其句子種類人教版朗文創(chuàng) 作人：歷恰面日 期：2020年 1 月 1 日【同步教育信息 】一.本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容：復(fù)習(xí)句子成分及其句子種類一.組成句子的各局部叫做句子成分。句子的成分有：主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。二.句子最根本的構(gòu)造是：主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)：在句子中的位置是放在句首：可以作主語(yǔ)的詞類有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式以及詞組、從句等等。e.g. The boys are playing football now.名詞作主語(yǔ)Two and two are four.數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ)To learn a forei

2、gn language is very useful.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)This is a key.代詞作主語(yǔ)。謂語(yǔ)：謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)之后，動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，包括及物動(dòng)詞，不及物動(dòng)詞，系動(dòng)詞。e.g. The students are reading books.動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)：放在謂語(yǔ)之后，構(gòu)造是：主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)日 期： 2020 年 1 月 1 日創(chuàng) 作人：歷恰面用作表語(yǔ)的詞有名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，形容詞，副詞，不定式，詞組，從句等等。e.g.We are students.名詞作表語(yǔ)This desk is hers.代詞作表語(yǔ)Lee is fifteen.數(shù)詞作表語(yǔ)Sarahs car looks

3、nice.形容詞作表語(yǔ)Our plan is to plant trees.動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)Is your father in?表示地點(diǎn)的副詞作表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)：賓語(yǔ)放在謂語(yǔ)之后，構(gòu)造是：主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)分為直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)指物，間接賓語(yǔ)指人。e.g. Please pass me the salt.間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)用作賓語(yǔ)的詞有：名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，不定式短語(yǔ)，名詞性的形容詞或者從句。e.g.Do you need any help?名詞作賓語(yǔ)Would you like to help me?代詞作賓語(yǔ)He bought ten oranges.數(shù)詞作賓語(yǔ)The teacher

4、 wants to take these chairs out of the room.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：在句子中放在賓語(yǔ)之后，構(gòu)造是：主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的詞有：名詞，形容詞，不定式和分詞。名詞或者者代詞形容詞/ 名詞 / 不定式 / 分詞e.g.The good news made me happy. 形容詞作賓補(bǔ)Did you hear her sing just now?動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)I saw him cleaning the window yesterday.分詞作賓補(bǔ)Let us have a rest.不定式短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)狀語(yǔ)：一般放在句尾，

5、有時(shí)放句首或者句中。作狀語(yǔ)的詞有：副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)、詞組， 不定式短語(yǔ)，分詞短語(yǔ)以及從句。e.g. Immediately he started to sing.副詞放句首，作狀語(yǔ)I m never late.副詞放句中作狀語(yǔ)He drives fast.副詞放句尾作狀語(yǔ)。Please park the car in front of the building.介詞短詞作狀語(yǔ)放句尾They went to Shanghai to have a meeting.動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)Jack watched TV day and night.詞組作狀語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)：請(qǐng)記住有名詞或者代詞的地方都可以有定語(yǔ)。一般情

6、況下單個(gè)的名詞，代詞， 形容詞放在所修飾的名詞之前，而詞組、短語(yǔ)、從句要放在所修飾的名詞之后。可以用作定語(yǔ)的詞有：形容詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，名詞或者名詞所有格、介詞短語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)，詞組，分詞短語(yǔ)和從句。e.g.Ben is an old man. 形容詞用作定語(yǔ)，放在名詞之前。Do you want another cake?代詞用作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞前The girl asked her mother two questions.數(shù)詞用作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞之前。The worker put the flowers in a paper bag. 名詞用作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞之前。Whos t

7、he manover there?介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞之后。Could you bing me something to drink, please?動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，放在不定代詞之后。The plane that can fly is a machine.從句用作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞之后。三.句子的構(gòu)造：簡(jiǎn)單句，并列句和復(fù)合句首先看簡(jiǎn)單句的五種根本句型1主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞e.g. Summer is coming.2主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)連系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)。e.g. You are very busy.3主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)e.g. Mr Liu teaches English.4主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)

8、賓語(yǔ)e.g. Mum gave me a dictionary.= Mum gave a dictionary to me.5主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)e.g. Lina asked him to go shopping together.We call him“ Uncle Wang The students watched the teacher doing the experiment.并列句：并列句由兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成。常用的并列連詞有：and, but,or,so, not only but also , both and 等等。e.g. John got up lat

9、e, so he had to go to school without breakfast.約翰起床晚了，所以只好不吃早飯而上學(xué)。Hurry up, or, you ll be late.快點(diǎn)兒，否那么要遲到了。We like not only music but also art.我們不但喜歡音樂，而且也喜歡藝術(shù)。復(fù)合句：復(fù)合句是由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者幾個(gè)從句構(gòu)成。根據(jù)從句在句中的成分可以稱為主語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句，狀語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。e.g. Whether he will come or not is not known.他是否會(huì)來(lái)還不知道。主語(yǔ)從句 It is not

10、 known whether he will come or not.That is what I should do.這是我的本份。表語(yǔ)從句He asked me where Mr Pope lived.他問我 Pope 先生住在哪里。賓語(yǔ)從句The idea that we asked Mike to come yesterday is quite good.昨天我們請(qǐng)邁克來(lái)，這個(gè)主意太好了。同位語(yǔ)從句This is the room where I live last summer.這就是我去年夏天住過的房間。定語(yǔ)從句Hell telephone his motheras soon as

11、 he gets there.他只要一到那兒，就會(huì)給母親打。時(shí)間是狀語(yǔ)從句Wherever there is smoke, there is fire.無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句Jean didn t go to workbecause she was ill.Jean因病沒有上班。原因狀語(yǔ)從句If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go to the Science Museum.假如明天不下雨，我們就去科學(xué)博物館。條件狀語(yǔ)從句Mr King spoke slowly so that everyone could understand him.金先生將漸漸講以使每個(gè)人

12、都聽懂他的話。目的狀語(yǔ)從句He is so clever that all the teachers like him.他是那么聰明，所有的教師都喜歡他。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句Although he was tired, he went on working.雖然他累了，但他還在繼續(xù)工作。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句This film is more instructive than that one.這部電影比那部有教育意義。比擬狀語(yǔ)從句細(xì)分狀語(yǔ)從句也有不少可以引導(dǎo)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們仔細(xì)閱讀初三英語(yǔ)書第232 頁(yè)狀語(yǔ)從句中的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容。四.句子的種類：句子可以分為 4 類：陳述句、疑問句，祈使句和感慨句。陳述句：說(shuō)明一

13、個(gè)事實(shí)或者者陳述說(shuō)話人的看法。陳述句包括肯定句和否認(rèn)句。e.g. One day a tiger came out of the forest.He hasnt had lunch yet.疑問句：提出問題。在英語(yǔ)中疑問句可以分為四種：一般疑問句，特殊疑問句，選擇疑問句和反意疑問句。1. 一般疑問句，用yes 或者者 no 答復(fù)的疑問句，用升調(diào)。e.g. Are you a doctor? Yes, I am.No, I am not.Did she like swimming when she was young? Yes, she did.No,she didn t.2. 特殊疑問句：用疑

14、問詞引導(dǎo)的疑問句，不能用yes 或者者 no 答復(fù)，用降調(diào)。疑問代詞有： who, whom, whose, what, which疑問副詞有： when, where, why, how還有： how many, how much, how old, how long, how far, how soon, how often, how tall, how high, what / which / whose名詞e.g. Whose computer is it? Its mine.When do you usually get up every morning?3. 選擇疑問句：提出兩個(gè)答

15、案供選擇答復(fù)，前一局部和一般疑問句差不多，后一局部用or 連接需要提問的并列局部。前局部用升降，后局部用降調(diào)，答復(fù)較靈敏。e.g.Which country do you like better, China or India? China. Are you going to work or stay at home?I m going to work.4. 反意問句：反意問句一般分兩局部，前一局部是陳述句，后一局部是與前一局部意思相反的簡(jiǎn)短問句，用逗號(hào)隔開。前一局部用升調(diào)，后一局部假如表示疑問，就用升調(diào)。假如只表示強(qiáng)調(diào)某種意思那么用降調(diào)。前一局部用肯定，后一局部用否認(rèn)。前一局部用否認(rèn)，后一局

16、部就用肯定。答復(fù)時(shí) yes, no要與事實(shí)獲得一致。e.g.David is good at maths, isnt he? Yes, he is.大衛(wèi)擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)，是嗎？是的。Kim hasn t been to the U.S.A, has she?Yes, she has.No, she hasn t. 不，她去過了。是的，她還沒去過。祈使句：表示命令、懇求、號(hào)召等的句子。祈使句通常不表示出主語(yǔ)?？隙ň鋵?dòng)詞原形放在句首。否認(rèn)句以 Dont動(dòng)詞原形e.g. Open your books, please.Dont talk in class. Listen to me carefully.感

17、慨句：表示說(shuō)話時(shí)的驚異，喜悅氣氛等情緒的句子。感慨句通常有兩種，由what 或者者 how 修飾。感慨句句尾要用感慨號(hào)，用降調(diào)。what修飾名詞， how 修飾形容詞或者副詞。構(gòu)造： What形容詞名詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)e.g. What a nice day it is!What delicious food!How形容詞或者者副詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)e.g. How beautiful the flowers are!How fast Jim runs!重點(diǎn)注意：一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的語(yǔ)序倒裝語(yǔ)序。一般疑問句將助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前。e.g. Is this a book?Are there

18、any books on the table? Do you watch TV at night?Did he finish his homework yesterday? Will they see a film tomorrow?Have these watches been repaired by him?特殊疑問句將疑問代詞或者者疑問副詞放句首，后面跟著一般疑問句語(yǔ)序。只是在需要提問主語(yǔ)局部時(shí)，換成疑問代詞，其它局部不變。e.g. Mei Mei sings well.Who sings well?I am drawing a horse. What are you drawing?

19、He lives in Australia.Where does he live?切記：在反意疑問句中假如前一局部中含有no, never,hardly,little,few 等詞時(shí)， 這一局部就表示否認(rèn)，后一局部要用肯定。e.g. You never go to school by bus, do you?Mary has few friends, has / does she?反意問句局部的時(shí)態(tài)，以及主、謂語(yǔ)要與主句一致。請(qǐng)同學(xué)們注意下面的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)：A. how far, how soon, how long, how often在特殊疑問句中的區(qū)別。how far指間隔：How far

20、is it from here to your home?從這兒到你家有多遠(yuǎn)？how long指時(shí)間是長(zhǎng)短：How long have you studied English? Three years.你們學(xué)英語(yǔ)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間是了？三年了。how soon指多久，用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)：How soon will you be ready? Ill be readyin two hours.你要多久才能準(zhǔn)備好？我要2 個(gè)小時(shí)后才能準(zhǔn)備好。how often：?jiǎn)栴l度，多少時(shí)間是一次：How often do you go to the zoo? Once a year.你多久去一次動(dòng)物園？每年一次。B. how

21、 many名詞復(fù)數(shù)一般疑問句語(yǔ)序e.g. How many students are there in your school?How many times has he been to the Great Wall?e.g. I dont think Mr Wang will come,will he?C. 當(dāng)反意問句前一局部有I don t think / believe時(shí)，反意問句局部的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)和從句一致。D. 祈使句的反意問句，后面要加一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短問句，使語(yǔ)氣更委婉。e.g. Lets have a rest, shall we?讓我們休息一會(huì)兒，好嗎？Let him go, will

22、you?讓他走，怎么樣？Close the door, will you?關(guān)上門，好嗎？Dont make so much noise, will you?別吵鬧，行不行？【模擬試題】I. 選擇填空：1. Therea lot of orange juice in the bottle. Would you like some?A. isB. areC. amD. be2. Do you often play basketball? Yes, usuallySaturday afternoon.A. inB. onC. atD. to3. Mrs Smith teacheshistory, w

23、e all like her.A. weB. usC. ourD. ours4. Do you cook at home? Yes, but not soas my sister.A. goodB. betterC. wellD. best5. Where is Peter, do you know? HeAunt Ying look after the baby.A. helpsB. helpedC. was helpingD. is helping6. Who was not here yesterday ? The headmaster.she was ill and had to go

24、 to hospital.A. BecauseB. IfC. ThoughD. When7. Shall we begin class now?One moment, please. Ive gotimportant to say before class.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing8. Thank you forme the news. Not at all.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. you told9. Whatgood weather!Let s have a game in the ya

25、rd.A. anB. aC. theD. /10. How old is Sam? He looksthan Jack, but they are of the same age.A. youngB. youngerC. too youngD. the youngest11. You wont go to the Summer Palace tomorrow.will I.A. AlsoB. TooC. NeitherD. Either12. Do you enjoy your life here, Mr Durham? Yes, of course, though Ihere for onl

26、y two weeks.A. stayB. am stayingC. had stayedD. have stayed13. We are in class. Youd better.A. not talkB. not to talkC. not talkingD. don t talk14. Does autumn last long in Beijing? No. It usuallyfrom September to November.A. lastedB. lastsC. is lastingD. will last15. Howis the small town? Only a fe

27、w kilometers from here.A. longB. oftenC. farD. much16. Here is aof my school.Oh, its very large. Is this your main building?A. bookB. mapC. pictureD. paper17. Where do you live in Melbourne? Let meyou on the map.A. giveB. teachC. bringD. show18. Chris asked me ifany English before I came to London.A

28、. I learnedB. I will learnC. did I learnD. will I learn19. Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the Beijing Zoo?Sorry, I dont know. Ask the policeman. Heknow.A. mustB. shouldC. mayD. can20. What is paper made from? Itfrom wood.A. makesB. is makingC. madeD. is madeII. 完形填空：From the other side of t

29、he road he saw the only lighted window on the third floor go black. His eyes came down to the big door, the entrance to the building. The light came warmly through there into the cold of the evening.After a little time a girl passed1the door, stopped at the top of thesteps and pulled her coat close

30、round her. He2her come down the steps, turntotheleftand disappearalong the road. He crossed the3 , then went past the main entrance, turned at the corner of the building and went in at a4door.There stood the stairs.He climbedup to the thirdfloor.Then he5opena small door. He came out into a brightly

31、lit passage. At the end of the passage there wasa door; on a plate on the door he6read“ Mrs. Walter Countenay.He turned the handle and went in. That door was7locked because the oldlady didnt want to be locked in. If she rang for somebody, she didnt want to come and open thedoor.The room was dark.He

32、went inand shutthedoor behindhim.A8said,“ Who isthat? Itwas the first time he had heard her talking, and it was very much9he had expected.He said,“Never mind who I am, and dont be10. Im not going to hurt you,He went forwardand sat down on a chairby the big desk.There was11lightinthe room from the st

33、reetoutside,and he couldsee her sittingthereon the othersideofthedesk.She was12upher hands a littleand he saw thatshe had been knitting編織 when he entered the room.“ Well,she said,“ What do you want?“ They key to your safe保險(xiǎn)柜 , he answered.1. A. overB. throughC. aroundD. into2. A. watchedB. heardC. h

34、elpedD. felt3. A. riverB. buildingC. roadD. square4. A. frontB. backC. sideD. garden5. A. keptB. knockedC. brokeD. pushed6. A. wouldB. shouldC. mightD. could7. A. neverB. oftenC. usuallyD. always8. A. soundB. voiceC. shoutD. noise9. A. asB. thanC. thatD. what10. A. sadB. excitedC. afraidD. angry11.

35、A. a lot ofB. a littleC. someD. no12. A. puttingB. gettingC. pickingD. holdingIII. 閱讀理解：Jim Carrey has become one of the most famous faces in the world.Hewas bornina workingclassfamilyinNew Market,Ontario,Canada on January 17, 1962. His family was very poor. Life was hard for young Jim Carrey. While

36、 inhis teens, he had to work because his father lost his job. He didnt have enoughtime for school. At last he dropped out of school. Yet one good thing came out of it, He developed a very good sense of humor.He didn thave any friendsat that time. He was very busy. Between school and日 期： 2020 年 1 月 1

37、 日創(chuàng) 作人：歷恰面work he didnt have enough time to live like a normal child. He felt lonely, At 15, he had enough time to start performing at York Yuks, a famous Toronto comedyclub. Then he moved to Los Angeles and performed there.Jim Carrey became famous for the first time in 1990. He played a part on a n

38、ew comedy show called In Living Colour. The other actors were all African Americans.Carreywas the onlywhiteman. While there,he learnedhow to actlikemany different people.Hegotintofeaturefilm 長(zhǎng)片 inone successfulyear 1994.Itwas the Yearof the Funny Face. First there was Det Detective. Next came The Ma

39、sk. Jim Carrey was in the spotlight公眾注意中心 now.Since that famous year Carrey has slowed down a bit. His films have come outless often but have continued to make waves. There was Betman Forever, next came Liar, Liar. The film was big success. He was on top of the world. Then came The Truman Show. The

40、film showed the world that Jim Carrey was more than just a funny face.Carreyhas come a longway from hishard childhood.Infacthe seems tobe living a second childhood now. Canada has been producing fine comedic actors for years,and Jim Carrey is surely the best one.1. Jim Carrey developed a very good s

41、ense of humor because.A. he didnt have to go to school.B. he started performing in comediesC. the comedy club taught him a lotD. Canada produced a lot of comedic actors2. When did Jim Carrey form his own way to perform?A. When he was fifteenB. When he played a part in In Living日 期： 2020 年 1 月 1 日創(chuàng) 作

42、人：歷恰面C. After he got into feature films ColourD. After he became successful in The Mask.3. Which of the following sentences is not true?A. It took Jim Carrey very hard work to become famous.B. 1994 was the most important year on Jim Carrey s way to success.C. Now Jim Carrey s films are not as succes

43、sful as they were.D. Jim Carrey is thought to be the best comedic actor.IV. 按照所給中文意思完成以下各句：1. 你的汽車怎么啦？ your car?2. 孩子們正在忙著澆花。The children are busy.3. Helen年紀(jì)太小不能上學(xué)。 to go to school.4. 人一到齊我們就出發(fā)。Well start as soon as 5. 你愿意和他們一起去野營(yíng)嗎？ to go camping with them?V. 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話：Mrs Green is in a shop. She wants t

44、o buy a T-shirt for her son.A: Good morning, madam. Can I help you? B:1 .A: Here are T-shirts for boys.2B: Size L. He is a tall boy. He likes cotton T-shirts.A:3. Its made in China.B: OK, let me have a look.4 .A: 280 yuan. Its popular with young people.B: But I m afraidit s a little more expensive a

45、nd I dont like the colour.A: Do you like this black one? Its only 108 yuan.B: Hmm, it looks nice.5Thank you.VI.用方框中所給單詞或者詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空。many, as soon as, have a rest, the other, late, catch, family, for, hold, who1. is the tallest boy in your school? Li Tong.2. We are very tired. Lets stop.3. Are therestudents in your school?4. She will give the book to meshe comes back.5. Im not feeling well. Perhaps Ia cold.6. I have two sisters. One is a teacher,is a worker.7. The old manmy hand