人教版英語必修1 Unit3 language-points課件 (共65張PPT)

1、Unit 3 ReadingReadingJourney down the MekongLanguage pointstransport (n,v)運輸，運送，輸送，搬運運輸，運送，輸送，搬運 (1) (n)搭配搭配： air/road transport 空運空運/路運路運 means of transport 交通交通方式方式(2) (v) 搭配：搭配： transport goods/passengers/food 運送貨物運送貨物/旅客旅客/食品食品比較：比較： transport，transportation，traffic (1) transport 表示表示“交通運輸（總稱）；交

2、通工交通運輸（總稱）；交通工具具”，為英國英語用法。用作名詞或動詞。，為英國英語用法。用作名詞或動詞。e.g. The shop keeper usually transports goods by loory. 那個店主通常用卡車運送貨物。那個店主通常用卡車運送貨物。(2) transportion “交通；運輸交通；運輸”，多為美國英語用，多為美國英語用法，只作名詞，多為不可數(shù)。法，只作名詞，多為不可數(shù)。e.g. Transportation（Transport）by air is quick but expensive. 空運快，但是貴空運快，但是貴(3) traffic “交通交通”，

3、指，指“街上車馬行人往來的數(shù)街上車馬行人往來的數(shù)量量”或或“路上貨物客商運輸?shù)臄?shù)量路上貨物客商運輸?shù)臄?shù)量”。e.g. There is too much traffic on the road. 這條路上行人車輛太多了。這條路上行人車輛太多了。2. Prefer (v) 更喜歡；認為更喜歡；認為勝過勝過 搭配：搭配：prefer：sth. 更喜歡某物更喜歡某物 ：to do sth./doing sth.更喜歡做某事更喜歡做某事 ：sth to sth. 與某物相比更喜歡某物與某物相比更喜歡某物 ：doing sth to doing sth. 寧愿做某寧愿做某 事而不愿做某事。事而不愿做某事

4、。 ：to do sth rather than do sth.寧愿寧愿 做某事而不愿做某事。做某事而不愿做某事。prefer ：sb to do sth. 寧愿某人做某事寧愿某人做某事 ：that(should) do寧愿寧愿/喜喜 歡歡(that 從句使用虛擬語氣）從句使用虛擬語氣） e.g. He prefers to go to the movies rather than stay at home. = He prefers going to the movies to staying at home. 他寧愿去看電影而不愿意待在家。他寧愿去看電影而不愿意待在家。Would you

5、prefer that I (should) go with you?=Would you prefer me to go with you ? 你要我和你一起去么？你要我和你一起去么？注意：注意：(1) prefer 的過去式和過去分詞均為的過去式和過去分詞均為preferred; (2) prefer 不能用于進行時。不能用于進行時。 (3) prefer 不可與不可與better 連用，因連用，因其本身就相當于其本身就相當于like better.練一練：練一練： The visiting professor_giving lectures to students_invited to

6、meetings at times.preferred ; to beingpreferred to; rather thanpreferred; than beingpreferred; to be 解析：解析：A。A. 看搭配，判斷看搭配，判斷 to 是介詞還是動詞不定是介詞還是動詞不定式式3. disadvantage(n) 障礙，不利因素，不便障礙，不利因素，不便之處之處e.g. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this plan. 這個計劃的優(yōu)缺點是什么？這個計劃的優(yōu)缺點是什么？ 擴充：擴充： at a disadvantag

7、e 處于不利地位處于不利地位 take advantage of 利用利用辨析：辨析：disadvantage, weakness, shortcoming, fault (1) disadvantage “不利條件不利條件” “劣勢劣勢” 指指不及別人的方面。不及別人的方面。 e.g, Lack of confidence put him at a disadvantage.信心不足使他處于不利地位。信心不足使他處于不利地位。(2) weakness 指性格等方面的指性格等方面的“弱點弱點”“”“缺點缺點”與與“不足不足” e.g. Its important to know your ow

8、n strengths and weaknesses.了解你自己的長了解你自己的長處與弱點是重要的。處與弱點是重要的。 (3) shortcoming 指性格、計劃、系統(tǒng)等的指性格、計劃、系統(tǒng)等的“缺點缺點”“”“短處短處”，常用復數(shù)形式。，常用復數(shù)形式。 e.g. Everyone has his own shortcomings.每個人都有自己的缺點。每個人都有自己的缺點。(4) fault 指因未盡責任或因某事的發(fā)生而需指因未盡責任或因某事的發(fā)生而需要承擔的要承擔的“責任責任”或或“過失過失”。 e.g. It was his fault that we were late. 我們遲到的

9、責任在于他。我們遲到的責任在于他。4. 辨析：辨析：fare, fee, price, expense. (1)fare 指公共汽車、火車、飛機等交通指公共汽車、火車、飛機等交通工具的費用。工具的費用。 e.g. Whats the train fare to London? 到倫敦的火車票價是多少？到倫敦的火車票價是多少？ (2) price 價格，出售價格價格，出售價格 e.g. Whats the price of this pair of shoes. 這雙鞋多少錢？這雙鞋多少錢？ (3) expense 支出，費用支出，費用 e.g. Most children in Britain

10、 are educated at publice expense. 英國大多數(shù)孩子接受免費教育。英國大多數(shù)孩子接受免費教育。(4) fee 常用復數(shù)常用復數(shù)fees，指給律師、醫(yī)生等，指給律師、醫(yī)生等專業(yè)人員的服務費、酬金或（考試的）報專業(yè)人員的服務費、酬金或（考試的）報名費、（加入俱樂部的）會費等。名費、（加入俱樂部的）會費等。 e.g, If you want to join, there is an entrance fee of $20. 如果你想加入，如果你想加入，需繳納入會費需繳納入會費20美元。美元。5. Ever since middle school, my sister W

11、ang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 從中學起從中學起, 我姐姐王薇和我夢想作我姐姐王薇和我夢想作一次了不起的自行車旅行一次了不起的自行車旅行。ever since 從那以后從那以后e.g. I have lived here ever since I was a child. 我從孩提起就一直住在這里。我從孩提起就一直住在這里。注：注：ever since 引導的時間短語或從句作狀引導的時間短語或從句作狀語時，語時，主句部分的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時主句部分的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，從句用一般過去式。態(tài)，從句用一般過

12、去式。1). dream n. v. of/about sth. (vi.)that (vt.)sb. to be (vt.) dreamdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt1) 他夢想著有一天為自己工作他夢想著有一天為自己工作, 沒有老板。沒有老板。 He dreams of working for himself and not having a boss one day.= He dreams that one day he will work for himself and not have a boss.2) 我做夢也沒想到他是個撒謊的人。我做夢也沒想到他是個撒謊

13、的人。 I never dreamed him to be a liar.dream about = dream of 夢見夢見, 夢想夢想My younger brother dreams of becoming a spaceman. He always dreams about traveling around the world.3. Then she persuade me to buy one.然后她動員我也買了一輛然后她動員我也買了一輛. persuade vt.說服說服; 勸服勸服; vi.被說服被說服persuadesb. sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事使某人相信某事

14、sb. that clausesb. (not) to do sth. sb. into / out of doing sth.Bear them in your mind!persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb into doing sth. persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb out of doing sth.e.g. I persuaded him to do it. =I persuade him into doing it. 我已說服他做這件事。我已說服他做這件事。Compare ! 如果如果“勸說勸

15、說”不服不服, 不能直接用不能直接用persuade, 而應用而應用try to persuade或或advise, 或者用或者用persuade的否定式。的否定式。e.g. Some of us advised him to change his mind but no one could persuade him to do so.注意注意1. I _ him not to smoke, but he didnt think it necessary. A. persuaded B. advised C. hoped D. suggested2. I was able at last to

16、 _ my mother to follow my advice. A. suggest B. advise C. persuade D. leave off 實例實例5. Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too. get +賓語賓語+賓語補足語賓語補足語（-ing/done/ to do /adj./adv.）1) I should get the window _ (repair) before it gets cold. 2) The teachers words soon got us _ (think). repairedth

17、inking3) She got her son _ (sleep) on the floor last night. 4) Dont make your hands so _ (臟臟).5) 我想把這些椅子弄到樓上去。我想把這些椅子弄到樓上去。 I want to get these chairs _.to sleepdirtyupstairs2. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.是我姐姐首先想到騎自行車沿

18、湄是我姐姐首先想到騎自行車沿湄公河從它的源頭行走到入?？凇９訌乃脑搭^行走到入?？凇?這是一個強調句。這是一個強調句。 強調句的結構是：強調句的結構是： It was/is+強調成分強調成分+that-/who-分句分句如果強調的部分是人如果強調的部分是人,可用可用who,也可用也可用that, 強調其他成分與內容都用強調其他成分與內容都用that。注意注意e. g. It was in Shanghai that I saw the film. (強調地點狀語強調地點狀語) 我看這部電影是在上海。我看這部電影是在上海。強調時間和地點不能用強調時間和地點不能用when或或where，只用只用

19、that。根據(jù)上下文和語義意圖根據(jù)上下文和語義意圖,說話人可以通說話人可以通過強調句分別強調主語過強調句分別強調主語, 賓語賓語, 狀語狀語, 使使之成為信息中心。之成為信息中心。All the members held a meeting in the club yesterday.all the members that/who held a meeting in the club yesterday. (強調主語強調主語, was不能換用不能換用were) It wasa meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday. (

20、強調賓語強調賓語a meeting)It wasin the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday. (強調地點狀語強調地點狀語,that不可換用不可換用 where) yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club. (強調時間狀語強調時間狀語that不可換用不可換用 when)It was because of bad weather _ the football match had to be put off.A. so B. so that C. why

21、D. thatWho is making so much noise in the garden?_ the children.A. It is B. They are C. That isD. There are6. stubborn1) He is too stubborn to apologize.2) Youll have to push hard, that door is a bit stubborn.3) The old man has got a stubborn cough that has lasted for weeks. (as) stubborn as a mule.

22、 像騾子一樣固執(zhí)，像騾子一樣固執(zhí)，非常倔強非常倔強 倔強的，固執(zhí)的倔強的，固執(zhí)的難以移動的難以移動的難以治愈的難以治愈的4. Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 雖然她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清雖然她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅持要自己把這次旅游安排楚，她卻堅持要自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。得盡善盡美。 although, though引導讓步狀語從句不引導讓步狀語從句不能再和能再和but, and,

23、 however連用連用, 但可以但可以和副詞和副詞yet, still連用。連用。although從句多放在句首從句多放在句首, though從句從句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though可以作副詞用于句末，作可以作副詞用于句末，作 “但但是，不過是，不過”講，而講，而although無此用法。無此用法。1) insist on/upon ones doing sth 堅持做堅持做,堅決做堅決做 e.g. I insisted on/upon his coming with us.2) insist that +從句堅持說從句堅持說(后表示一個事后表示一

24、個事實實), 后接的從句用陳述語氣后接的從句用陳述語氣, 既按需要既按需要選擇時態(tài)。選擇時態(tài)。 3) insist that sb. (should) do sth. “堅決堅決主張做某事主張做某事”, 后接的賓語從句常后接的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣用虛擬語氣, 既既 “should +v.” e.g. Mary was ill. Her parents insisted that she (should) see a doctor.e.g. He insisted that he hadnt stolen the girls handbag.10. keep doing sth. “反復不斷地做

25、某事反復不斷地做某事” The boy keeps asking questions all the time.1)In those years, Marx kept on studying English and using it.可能含有間斷的意思可能含有間斷的意思, 但是更強調但是更強調”反反復復”和和”決心決心”, 而且常常附加感情色而且常常附加感情色彩。彩。3) They kept _ (water) the field until they got a good harvest.4) He kept me waiting outside for 2 hours.wateringke

26、ep sb doing 讓某人持續(xù)做某事讓某人持續(xù)做某事5. My sister doesnt care about details. 我姐姐是不會考慮細節(jié)的。我姐姐是不會考慮細節(jié)的。 care about : be worried about 憂慮憂慮,關心關心e.g. He doesnt care much about what happens to me.care for sb/sth : look after, love or like 希望希望, 喜歡喜歡, 照顧照顧1) Would you care for a drink?2) He cares for her deeply.3)

27、 Who will care for your child if you are out?6. She gave me a determined look the kind that she wouldnt change her mind.她堅定地看了我一眼她堅定地看了我一眼-這眼神表明她這眼神表明她不會改變主意。不會改變主意。 determine to do sth. e.g. He determined to learn French.2) determine +從句從句e.g. She determined that she would never see him again. 3) d

28、etermine +疑問詞疑問詞+ to doe.g. Have you determined where to spend the holiday next week? determined adj. 堅決的堅決的, 有決心的有決心的 be determined to do sth. 決心做決心做e.g. She was determined to go to university.change ones mind 改變某人的主意改變某人的主意e.g. No matter what you say, I wont change my mind.Bear them in your mind!m

29、ake up ones mind 下定決心下定決心read ones mind 看出某人的心思看出某人的心思speak ones mind 直言不諱直言不諱give/ put ones mind 專心于專心于keepin mind 記住記住7. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it. 當我告訴她我們將在海拔當我告訴她我們將在海拔5000米處開米處開始旅程始旅程, 她好像對此很興奮。她好像對此很興

30、奮。at an altitude of = at a height of 在海拔在海拔米處米處e.g. The plane is flying at a(an) height / altitude of 10,000 feet.注意注意at 在此處表在此處表 “在在處處/時時, 以以”后接年齡后接年齡, 速度速度, 長長寬深高寬深高, 價格價格, 費用等費用等 8. When I told her the air would be hard to breath and it would be very cold 當我告訴她將呼吸困難當我告訴她將呼吸困難, 天氣嚴寒天氣嚴寒主語主語 + be +

31、 adj.+ to do sth. 是一常用是一常用句式句式:既不定式用主動形式表達被動含義既不定式用主動形式表達被動含義e.g. The problem is really hard to work out. My boss is easy to deal with.不定式和主語之間是邏輯動賓關系，不定式和主語之間是邏輯動賓關系，使用及物動詞的主動形式，因此不及使用及物動詞的主動形式，因此不及物動詞要加相應的介詞。物動詞要加相應的介詞。這一結構中的形容詞往往是表示心理這一結構中的形容詞往往是表示心理活動的，接不定式時活動的，接不定式時, 不定式的邏輯不定式的邏輯主語是句子的主語主語是句子的主

32、語, 主動用主動用to do, 被動被動用用to be done;也可以接從句。也可以接從句。注意注意8. Finally, I had to give in. 最后最后, 我只好讓步。我只好讓步。 give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于屈服于, 讓步讓步, 遞交遞交give up 放棄放棄, 認輸認輸 give out 筋疲力盡；分配筋疲力盡；分配give away 捐贈捐贈, 泄露泄露e.g. He had to give in to my views. Its time for you to gave in your papers.1) After the long trip

33、, both the men and the horses _.2) Because of his small salary, he had to _ his dream trip to Europe.3) Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to _ my view.gave outgave upgave in to練一練練一練4) He _ most of his fortune to the poor.5) Please keep the secret, dont _ it _. gave awaygive away give in

34、(sth. to sb.)1) He would rather die than give in.2) Wang Kun had to give in because he knew his sister well.3) Please give your examination papers in ( to the teacher) when youve finished.屈服屈服讓步讓步上交上交-Smoking is bad for your health.-Yes,I know. But I simply cant _. A. give it up B. give it out C. gi

35、ve it in D. give it away8. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan Province. 穿過深谷流經云南省西部時它變成穿過深谷流經云南省西部時它變成急流急流.across through prep. 穿過穿過 across 常表示從一定范圍的一邊常表示從一定范圍的一邊到另一邊或事物交叉位置到另一邊或事物交叉位置, “橫穿橫穿, 橫跨橫跨” 表面表面, 含義與含義與on 有關有關through 表達兩邊穿過或穿過空間表達兩邊穿過或穿過空間內部

36、內部, 含義與含義與in 有關有關over表示表示 “越過越過” 是指越過較高是指越過較高的物體從一側到另一側的物體從一側到另一側辨析辨析: e.g. She swam across the river. The river flows through the city from west to east. Walk across the square and go through the gate, then youll come to the cafe. The thief climbed over the wall and ran away. The new railway winds

37、its way to Hong Kong, _ mountains _ tunnels and _ rivers.across; over; through over; across; through over; through; acrossA. through; over; across實例實例I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出該單詞的正確形式。母或漢語提示，寫出該單詞的正確形式。1. He is planning his work _ (進度進度表表) for the following week.2. They took many pictures of the _ (瀑布瀑布) yesterday.3. What is the _ (海拔海拔) of this mountain?4. I think you dont know your own s_. In fact