北師大必修3Unit7lesson1VikingVoyages

1、Unit 7 The Sea - The Spirit of ExplorersUnit 7 The Sea - The Spirit of ExplorersViking Voyages to AmericaViking Voyages to America北歐海盜的美洲之旅北歐海盜的美洲之旅Christopher Columbus 克里斯托弗 哥倫布Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), born in Italy, was a navigator and explorer. He belived the earther was a globe and set

2、sail four times under the support of Queen of Spain during his time. He was the first European to set foot on America.克里斯托弗哥倫布（1451-1506），意大利航海家、探險(xiǎn)家，出生于意大利熱那亞。一生從事航海活動(dòng)，是第一個(gè)到達(dá)美洲的歐洲人。他相信地球是圓的，認(rèn)為從歐洲西航可達(dá)東方的印度。在西班牙女皇鼎力支持下，先后4次出海遠(yuǎn)航。開辟了橫渡大西洋到美洲的航路。Ferdinand Magellan 費(fèi)迪南麥哲倫Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521), Po

3、rtuguese, was working for Spanish government. He led his fleet and finished the first circumnavigation during year 1519 to 1521. He was killed in Philippines by local tribes. His fleet didnt stop after his death and finally made it back to Europe.費(fèi)迪南麥哲倫（1480-1521）葡萄牙人，為西班牙政府效力探險(xiǎn)。1519年1521年率領(lǐng)船隊(duì)完成首次環(huán)航

4、地球，麥哲倫在環(huán)球途中在菲律賓的部族沖突中被當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窨乘?。船上的水手在他死后繼續(xù)向西航行，回到歐洲。完成了首次環(huán)球航行。Zheng He 鄭和Zheng He (13711433), formerly romanized as Cheng Ho, was a Hui court eunuch, mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral during Chinas early Ming Dynasty. Zheng commanded expeditionary voyages to Southeast Asia, South Asia, th

5、e Middle East, and East Africa from 1405 to 1433.鄭和（1371年1433年），回族， 明朝太監(jiān)，原姓馬，名和，小名三寶， 又作三保，云南昆陽（今晉寧昆陽街道）寶山鄉(xiāng)知代村人。中國明朝航海家、外交家。1405到1433年，鄭和七下西洋，完成了人類歷史上偉大的壯舉。宣德六年（1431年），欽封鄭和為三寶太監(jiān)。宣德八年（1433年）四月，鄭和在印 度西海岸古里去世，賜葬南京牛首山。Vikings 維京人（北歐海盜）Vikings are often refered to pirates from North Europe, who invaded o

6、ther European countries and Britain since the 8th to 11th centuries. Their footprints were found all over Europe and to the north pole, which led to the Viking Age of Europe. Vikings came from Norway, Sweden and Denmark and it has been strongly proven that they had arrived in Newfoundland and and no

7、rth America long before Columbus made his trip.泛指北歐海盜，他們從公元8世紀(jì)到11世紀(jì)一直侵?jǐn)_歐洲沿海和英國島嶼，其足跡遍及從歐洲大陸至北極廣闊疆域，歐洲這一時(shí)期被稱為“維京時(shí)期”。維京的老家是挪威、瑞典和丹麥。有強(qiáng)力的證據(jù)顯示，在哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)新大陸之前的五百年，他們就曾到達(dá)紐芬蘭并探索了部份北美地區(qū)。Eric the Red 紅發(fā)埃里克In 982AD, when a man named Eric the Red decided to set sail further west, there were as many as 10,000 viki

8、ngs living in Iceland.Eric the Red made it to an iceless land which he later called Greenland, meaning the land was full of green. He used this name to persuade other people to follow him to return to Greenland. But as a matter of fact, it was cold as it could be, the coldest place on earth other th

9、an the Antarctic .ScandinaviaScandinaviaIcelandIcelandNorwayNorwayGreenlandGreenlandNewfoundlandNewfoundland斯堪的納維亞冰島挪威格陵蘭紐芬蘭Before you start1, Which of the following people do you think arrived in America first?a) Christopher Columbusb) Ferdinand Magellanc) Chinese sailorsd) VikingsBefore you start2

10、, Match the words with their explanationsScandinavia 斯堪的納維亞Greenland 格陵蘭Newfoundland 紐芬蘭Iceland 冰島a) a large island in the North Atlantic Ocean, near North-eastern Canadab) an area of North Europe, consisting of Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland.c) a country in the North Atlanticd) a large island

11、in Eastern CanadaRead to learn3. Read the passage and then complete the table below. Read to learn4. Read the text again and answer the following questions.a) Why did Eric the Red leave Iceland？ He was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder, for which he got into trouble.b) Who wa

12、s Biarni looking for when he was blown away to an unknown land? He was looking for his father who was with Erics party. Read to learn4. Read the text again and answer the following questions.c) How do we know about the Vikings？ We know about them through stories which were written down centuries lat

13、er in Norway and Iceland.Relative Clauses 定語從句定語從句 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句在定語從句中，關(guān)系副詞主要有三個(gè)：when, where 和 why。1，when在定語從句中表示時(shí)間，做狀語，其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如time, day, morning, week, month, year, season, age等。I still remeber the year when I joined the party.我仍然記得我入黨的那一年。Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?你知道林肯的出生日期

14、嗎？ 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句在定語從句中，關(guān)系副詞主要有三個(gè)：when, where 和 why。1，when在定語從句中表示時(shí)間，做狀語，其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如time, day, morning, week, month, year, season, age等。April Fools Day is the day when people make fun of other.愚人節(jié)是人們愚弄?jiǎng)e人的日子。I still remember the day when I first traveled by plane.我仍然記得第一次坐飛機(jī)旅行是什么時(shí)候。 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句在定語從句中

15、，關(guān)系副詞主要有三個(gè)：when, where 和 why。2，where在定語從句中表示地點(diǎn)，作狀語，其先行詞通常是place, city, town, factory, table, village, house等表示地點(diǎn)的名詞和situation, case, condition, point等表示抽象意義的名詞。This is the hotel where he stayed last week.這就是他上周住的酒店。Can you see the table where theres a cup?你能看見上面有個(gè)杯子的那張桌子嗎？ 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句在定語從句中，關(guān)系副詞主要有三個(gè)

16、：when, where 和 why。2，where在定語從句中表示地點(diǎn)，作狀語，其先行詞通常是place, city, town, factory, table, village, house等表示地點(diǎn)的名詞和situation, case, condition, point等表示抽象意義的名詞。The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.這個(gè)國家正處在隨時(shí)有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。We went to visit the place where the scenery was so beauti

17、ful.我們?nèi)⒂^了一個(gè)風(fēng)景特別美的地方。 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句在定語從句中，關(guān)系副詞主要有三個(gè)：when, where 和 why。2，where在定語從句中表示地點(diǎn)，作狀語，其先行詞通常是place, city, town, factory, table, village, house等表示地點(diǎn)的名詞和situation, case, condition, point等表示抽象意義的名詞。Keep the books in the place where you can find them easily.把書放在你容易找到的地方。He did all his research in the

18、 room where he lived.他在自己住的房間里做了所有的研究。 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句在定語從句中，關(guān)系副詞主要有三個(gè)：when, where 和 why。3，why在定語從句中表示原因，作狀語，其先行詞一般是reason這個(gè)詞。This is the reason why they put off the meeting.這就是他們推遲會(huì)議的原因。He tried to explain the reason why he didnt come to school yesterday.他努力解釋他昨天為什么沒有來學(xué)校的原因。 “介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which, whom)”引導(dǎo)定語從句“介詞+which”在定語從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因狀語，相當(dāng)于關(guān)系副詞when, where 和 why。1，“介詞+which”在定語從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語。April Fools Day is the day on which people make fun of other.愚人節(jié)是人們愚弄?jiǎng)e人的日子。I cant forget the day on which I left my hometown.我無法