高中英語必修一-Unit5課本單元講解(人教版)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上高中英語必修一 Unit5課本單元講解（人教版）Unit5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero知識點(diǎn)詳解. 常考單詞必背1quality n質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality.優(yōu)質(zhì)酒比劣質(zhì)酒花費(fèi)多?？焖匍W記(1)of high/good quality 優(yōu)質(zhì)的of low/poor quality 劣質(zhì)的in quality 在質(zhì)量上(2)形近意異詞：quantity n數(shù)量；大量2mean adj. 吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的

2、v. 意思是；意欲，打算；意味著Don't be so mean to your little brother!別對你弟弟那么刻?。】焖匍W記(1)be mean to sb 對某人刻薄mean to do sth 打算做某事mean doing 意味著be meant for 為而準(zhǔn)備的be meant to be. 注定成為(2)means n. 方式；方法；途徑3devote vt.(與to連用)獻(xiàn)身；專心于She devoted herself to her career and never married all her life.她全力傾注于自己的事業(yè)，一

3、生沒有結(jié)婚?？焖匍W記(1)devote one's life/energy/time.to (doing) sth 把某人的生命/精力/時間 用在/獻(xiàn)給(做)某事上devote oneself to 獻(xiàn)身于；致力于be devoted to 獻(xiàn)身于；專心于(2)devoted adj. 忠實的；深愛的devotion n. 奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠；專心4found vt. 建立；建設(shè)They founded/set up the company by themselves.他們自己創(chuàng)辦了這家公司?？焖匍W記(1)found.on/upon. 把建在上；把基于(此結(jié)構(gòu)一般

4、不用于進(jìn)行時)(2)founder n奠基者，創(chuàng)立者，創(chuàng)辦人foundation n建設(shè)，創(chuàng)立；基礎(chǔ)5guidance n指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)guide vt. 引路，指導(dǎo) n指導(dǎo)者；向?qū)?，?dǎo)游6vote vt.&vi.投票；選舉 n. 投票；選票；表決Whether you vote for or against the proposal doesn't seem to matter very much.無論你對這項提議投贊成票還是反對票，好像都不是很重要?？焖匍W記vote for/against 投票贊成/反對vo

5、te through 投票通過vote on. 就投票表決vote to do. 投票做7attack vt.&n. 進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊He was attacked for his speech on all the newspapers.所有的報紙都因他的言論對他進(jìn)行抨擊?？焖匍W記(1)attack sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而責(zé)難某人be attacked with 患/得(病)(2)make an attack on/against 攻擊，襲擊；抨擊under attack 遭到攻擊；遭到抨擊8equal adj. 相等的；平等的v.

6、等于；比得上，敵得過 n. 同等的人；相等物It is evident that he is not equal to the job.顯然，他不能勝任這個工作?？焖匍W記(1)be equal to 勝任；相等equal sb in sth 在某方面與某人匹敵be without equal/have no equal 無與倫比；無敵(2)equally adv. 平等地；同樣地equality n. 平等；相等9escape vi. 逃脫；逃走；泄露 n. 逃跑；逃脫She managed to escape from the burning

7、 car.她設(shè)法從燃燒的汽車?yán)锾恿顺鰜怼？焖匍W記escape from 從逃脫、逃跑escape n./doing sth 避開(做)某事escape death 死里逃生a narrow escape 九死一生10educate vt. 教育；訓(xùn)練educated adj. 受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的Children should be educated to protect the environment.應(yīng)該教育孩子們保護(hù)環(huán)境。快速閃記(1)educate sb to do sth 教育某人做某事educate oneself 自學(xué)，自修be educated a

8、t/in a college 接受大學(xué)教育，上大學(xué)(2)education n. 教育educator n. 教育工作者；教育家11reward n. 報酬；獎金vt. 酬勞；獎賞They rewarded him for saving the child.他們因他救了那個小孩而獎賞他?？焖匍W記(1)reward sb for (doing) sth 為(做)某事獎賞某人reward sb with sth 用獎賞(酬謝)某人(2)as a reward for 作為酬謝；作為的獎賞in reward (for) 作為(對的)回報、獎賞12sentence

9、0;vt. 判決；宣判He has been sentenced to pay a fine of $200 for drunk driving.他因酒駕被判罰款二百美元?？焖匍W記be sentenced to 被判處(徒刑)sentence sb to do. 判決某人接受的刑罰sentence sb to death 判處某人死刑. 高頻短語必會1as a matter of factin fact 事實上I'm going there tomorrow，as a matter of fact.其實，我明天是準(zhǔn)備去那里。2blow up 使充氣；爆炸A chem

10、ical factory blew up in the North of England.英國北部的一座化工廠爆炸了。3in trouble 在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中快速閃記(1)ask for trouble 自找麻煩get into trouble 陷入困境take the trouble to do sth 不辭勞苦地做某事make trouble 惹麻煩(2)in pain 痛苦地in order 整齊地in anger 憤怒地in poverty 在貧窮中4turn to 求助于；致力于She turned to the study of medicin

11、e after graduation.畢業(yè)后，她致力于醫(yī)學(xué)研究?？焖匍W記turn around/round 轉(zhuǎn)過去，轉(zhuǎn)身turn up 調(diào)高；出現(xiàn)turn down 調(diào)低；拒絕turn on/off 打開/關(guān)閉turn in 上交turn out 生產(chǎn)，制造；結(jié)果是turn over 翻過來；移交5lose heart 喪失勇氣或信心快速閃記lose one's heart to 愛上、傾心于learn sth by heart 背誦，牢記put one's heart into 專心于break sb's heart 使某人很傷心heart and soul

12、 全心全意，完全地. 寫作句式必學(xué)1The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步2.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.直到那時我們才決定以暴力反抗暴力。3But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve

13、 our dream of making black and white people equal.但是，我樂于幫忙，因為我知道，這將有助于實現(xiàn)我們黑人和白人平等的夢想。4It was a prison from which no one escaped.這是一座任何人都無法逃出的監(jiān)獄。5I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次與一群人說話時我感到不舒服。. 短文語法填空，然后背誦短文，熟記本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯。A Great PresidentAs the founder

14、0;of the republic，the president had many good _1_(quality)Beforecoming to power，he was a generous lawyer.He was willing to_2_(selfless) help everyone _3_ turned to him.He accepted no fee to offer legal guidance and opinions to those who wer

15、e out of work or uneducated. Later，_4_(believe) all mankind to be equal，he devoted _5_ to stopping the unfair antiblack laws.He set up the Black Youth League and was voted to be the leader.However，though he _6_(keep) peaceful principle

16、s without violence and terror，his mean enemies still blew up his house andattacked his relatives，and he himself couldn't escape _7_(sentence) to 30 years in prison.Not fearing of the prison guards'_8_(cruel)，he kept active 

17、;and begged no mercy from them.As a matter of fact，he was always _9_(hope) and never lost heart during thestage even though he was in trouble.Finally，people rewarded him _10_ the leader's position and a gold blanket.【答案】1. qualities 2. selflessly 3. who 4. beli

18、eving 5. himself6. kept 7. being sentenced 8. cruelty 9. hopeful 10. withUnit5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero單元練習(xí). 單句語法填空1_Having_devoted_ (devote) almost all our time to our schoolwork in the past three months, we have almost no time for fun and play.解析：考查非謂語動詞。邏輯主語是we, 狀語表示過去的時間in the past three mont

19、hs，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式。2The wetland park is _equally_(equal) attractive in spring and autumn, for the weather is pleasant in both seasons.解析：考查副詞。句意：濕地公園春秋兩季同樣迷人，這兩個季節(jié)的氣候都很好。由句意可知，填equally，意為“同等地”。3An increasing number of products made in China are _of_ good quality but much less expensive than those from ab

20、road.解析：考查介詞。句意：越來越多的國產(chǎn)貨質(zhì)量很好，價格比進(jìn)口的便宜很多。be of good quality“質(zhì)量好的”。4During the past few years, the time and money he has devoted to _planting_(plant) trees in that remote area is now considered to be of great value.解析：考查短語動詞。句意：在過去的幾年里，他投入了很多時間和金錢在偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)植樹，現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為很有意義。devote .to.“把投入到”中to是介詞。5In the great

21、 fire, he was fortunate to escape _being_killed_(kill)解析：考查escape的用法。句意：在大火中，他很幸運(yùn)地逃脫了死亡。escape doing sth.“逃脫做某事”。6It's important to learn to take a positive attitude _to/toward(s)_ life when you are _in_ trouble.解析：句意：當(dāng)你處于困境時，學(xué)會對生活保持樂觀的態(tài)度是很重要的。名詞attitude后用介詞to或towards；in trouble“處于困境中”。7In time

22、we reached a stage _where_ we had more young readers than old ones.解析：考查stage后定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：最終我們到了一個新讀者比老讀者多的階段。在定語從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故選where。8Because of too much homework, gone are the days _when_ we can play day and night.解析：考查定語從句。句意：由于太多的作業(yè)，天天玩的日子一去不復(fù)返了。定語從句中缺少時間狀語。9For all these years I have been working

23、for others.I'm hoping I'll set _up_ my own business someday.解析：句意：這些年來我一直為別人工作。我希望有一天可以開創(chuàng)自己的事業(yè)。set up“設(shè)立；創(chuàng)立”。10_Only_ when his wife put photos of her injuries on the web did he apologize.解析：助動詞提到了主語之前，所以填only。句意：直到他的妻子將受傷的照片放在網(wǎng)上時，他才(向妻子)道歉。11There's no reason to be disappointed.As _a_ ma

24、tter of fact, this could be rather amusing.解析：句意：你沒有理由失望。事實上，這可能會非常有趣。as a matter of factin fact事實上，實際上。12Only when you can find peace in your heart _will_ you _keep_(keep) good relationships with others.解析：本題考查部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：唯有找到內(nèi)心的寧靜，方能維持人際關(guān)系的和諧?！皁nly副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句”置于句首時，句子(主句)要用部分倒裝語序。本題中，時間狀語從句when you

25、 can find peace in your heart被only修飾，且置于句首，故主句用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。注意：如果only修飾的不是狀語而是主語，則不能用倒裝。如：Only he was invited.只有他受到了邀請。13Students should involve themselves in community activities _where_ they can gain experience for growth.解析：本題考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。句意：學(xué)生們應(yīng)該積極參與社團(tuán)活動，在這些活動中他們可以獲得成長的經(jīng)驗。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句的先行詞是community act

26、ivities，將其移到后面的定語從句中為：they can gain experience for growth in community activities由此可知關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在后面的定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)。14The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform _where_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.解析：本題考查定語從句。句意： 博物館將在春天開放，到時有展覽和游客們可以在觀光臺上觀看

27、正在建設(shè)中的玻璃房子。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處 the viewing platform為定語從句的先行詞，從句缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，要用where引導(dǎo)。15Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be_equally_(equal) respected.解析：句意：任何一個人，不管是政府官員還是汽車司機(jī)都應(yīng)該同樣受到尊敬。equally“相等地，同等地”。. 完成句子1After he _came to power_(上臺執(zhí)政)，President Obama carried out _a great number of_(許多)

28、 new policies on economy.2In 1952, Nelson Mandela _set_up_a_law_office_(成立一間法律辦公室) to _offer_guidance_(提供指導(dǎo)) to help poor black people to defend themselves.3I would like to sincerely express my thanks to _those_who_help_me_in_trouble_ (那些在困難中幫助我的人)4Having got the support from her family, Mary _devot

29、ed_herself_to_(全身心投入到) her career.5只有當(dāng)你對未來充滿信心時，你才會竭盡全力去克服你所面臨的困難。(only狀語從句)_Only_when_you_are_confident_of_your_future_will_you_ try your best to overcome the difficulty you face.6我第一次見到他，就不得不為他的敬業(yè)精神所震撼。_The_first_time_I_saw_him_， I was shocked with his _devotion_to_his_career_.7以我之見，即使你失業(yè)也不要灰心。_In

30、_my_opinion_， never_lose_heart_ even if you are _out_of_work_.8他不僅為人大方，樂于助人，還積極參加許多課外活動。(部分倒裝句)Not only is he generous and willing to help others ， but he also takes an active part in after-class activities.9如果你陷入困境，請隨時向我求助。If _you_are_in_trouble_， please _turn_to_me_for_help_ at any time.10事實上，是你的勤

31、奮在你的英語學(xué)習(xí)中起到了關(guān)鍵的作用。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)_As a matter of fact ， it is your diligence that plays an important role in your English study. 單句改錯1After he heard the bad news, his face took on a worrying expression._worryingworried_2Several hours later, with the help of the police, the students managed to escape the dange

32、rous place, hungry and frightened._escaped后加上from_3The man was sentenced 10 years' imprisonment for robbing the bank._sentenced后加上to_4He led the workers in fighting the war._fighting后加上against_5As the matter of fact, social customs vary in different parts of the world._the改為a_6That football team

33、 had won no games and it lost its heart._去掉its_7Don't be worried，because there is nothing to worry._worry后加上about_8Madame Curie, devoting to science, was a great woman._devotingdevoted_9There are many cards for you to choose._choose后加上from_10It worried the public was that Phelps should take drug

34、s._ItWhat_. 語篇填空My name is Elias.I am _a_ poor black worker in South Africa.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.I was twelve years old.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to _whom_ I went for advice.He offered _guidance_(guide) to poor black pe

35、ople on their legal problems.He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.I needed his help _because_ I had very little education.I began school at six.The school _where_ I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the

36、school fees _and_ the bus fare.I could not read or write well._After_ trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine.However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook _to_live_(live) in Johannesburg.Sadly I did not have _one_ because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I _would_bec

37、ome_(become) out of work. 教材原句1The time _when_ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.解析：考查定語從句。從句中不缺主語和賓語，故用關(guān)系副詞；先行詞為time，故填when。2We first broke the law in a way _which/that_ was peaceful.解析：考查定語從句。從句中缺少主語，且先行詞a way指物，故填關(guān)系代詞which或that。3It was very dangerous because _if_ I

38、 was caught I could be put _in_ prison.解析：第一空考查連詞，表條件，故填if；第二空考查固定短語，“put.in prison”。4As _a_ matter of fact, I don't like violence.but in 1963 I helped him blow _up_ some government buildings.解析：考查固定短語，as a matter of fact意為“事實上”；blow up意為“爆炸；炸毀”。5We were put into a position _where_ we had either to accept we were less important, _or_ fight the government.解析：第一空考查定語從句，從句中不缺主語和賓語，且先行詞position表地點(diǎn)，故填關(guān)系副詞where；第二空為“either.or.”“要么，要么”。6He was generous _with_ his time, _for_ which I was grateful.解析：第一空考查be generous with意為“在慷慨”；第二空“be grateful for”“因而感激”。7We read books under our blankets