高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法主謂一致公開(kāi)課精華版教學(xué)提綱

1、高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法主謂一致公開(kāi)課精華版主謂一致是指主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)要保持人主謂一致是指主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)要保持人稱和數(shù)上的一致，主語(yǔ)的稱和數(shù)上的一致，主語(yǔ)的“人稱人稱”和和“數(shù)數(shù)”決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的變化。決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的變化。但是如果主語(yǔ)不是單一的，或主語(yǔ)但是如果主語(yǔ)不是單一的，或主語(yǔ)名詞的數(shù)比較特殊時(shí)，其主謂一致名詞的數(shù)比較特殊時(shí)，其主謂一致一般要根據(jù)一般要根據(jù)語(yǔ)法一致意義一致語(yǔ)法一致意義一致就近原則就近原則原則原則概念概念例句例句語(yǔ)法語(yǔ)法一致一致原則原則指主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式，謂指主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù)數(shù)形式也用復(fù)數(shù)形式 Steve Ember

2、 is a good playerChildren like toys. 意義意義一致一致原則原則指主語(yǔ)形式上為單數(shù)指主語(yǔ)形式上為單數(shù)但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語(yǔ)形式上為復(fù)或主語(yǔ)形式上為復(fù)數(shù)但表示單數(shù)意義數(shù)但表示單數(shù)意義,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式My family are having lunch nowNews is travelling fast nowadays 就近就近一致一致原則原則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式還謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最是用復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的主語(yǔ)靠近它的主語(yǔ)There is a knife an

3、d two forks on the deskEither you or he is to go 名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題1. 表時(shí)間，距離，金額，重量，數(shù)字等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作表時(shí)間，距離，金額，重量，數(shù)字等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作“整體整體”看時(shí)，看時(shí)， 。 Two hours is quite enough.2. 以以-s結(jié)尾的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)其意思來(lái)決定謂語(yǔ)結(jié)尾的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)其意思來(lái)決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。表表學(xué)科的名詞學(xué)科的名詞(physics)、書(shū)報(bào)名、書(shū)報(bào)名(the Times)、國(guó)、國(guó)名名(the United States)或組織名稱或組織名

4、稱(the United Nations)及及news3) the Olympic Games謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)The Olympic Games held once every four years. (be)are1. “_ twenty dollars a big sum to her?” “I suppose so.” Will be b. Is c. Are d. Were2. Three hours _ enough for us to finish the task.a. are b. has c. is d. were Hi

5、s “Selected Poems” _first published in 1970. was B. were C. had been D. have been 3. 集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，視其意義來(lái)決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，視其意義來(lái)決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)：的單復(fù)數(shù)： 1) people, police, cattle等名詞等名詞 3) family, class, government，audience, class, committee, enemy等名詞等名詞 表示整體時(shí)，表示整體時(shí)， 表其中的成員時(shí)，表其中的成員時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用

6、單數(shù) 1. His family _ always quarrelling among _. A.is；itself B.are；themselvesC.is；themselvesD.are；itself4. 有的名詞表示的是由兩個(gè)對(duì)稱的部分構(gòu)成的有的名詞表示的是由兩個(gè)對(duì)稱的部分構(gòu)成的物品。如：物品。如：trousers, glasses, shoes, gloves, shorts, scissors等，等， 這類名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，這類名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 。 但如果其前有但如果其前有a pair of, a kind of 修飾時(shí)，修飾時(shí)， 則應(yīng)被看作則應(yīng)被看作謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)

7、常用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)5. 名詞有名詞有each, every, no修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí),被被and /or 連接時(shí)，即使有多個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)，仍看連接時(shí)，即使有多個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)，仍看作作 。 Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday.單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)1.Every desk and every chair _ made of wood. (be)3.No boy and no girl _ (be) in the classroom.isis 1. 以以and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)， Walkin

8、g and riding are good exercises. 注意：當(dāng)注意：當(dāng)and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞在意義上指連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞在意義上指的是同一人，物或概念時(shí)，的是同一人，物或概念時(shí)， 。The teacher and writer is popular with his students. (區(qū)別：區(qū)別：The teacher and the writer are)二、由連詞連接的名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)二、由連詞連接的名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí) 的主謂一致問(wèn)題的主謂一致問(wèn)題謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式2. 就近一致：就近一致： or eitheror neither.nor

9、not onlybut also not but There be 連接的詞作主語(yǔ)，連接的詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)與靠近的主語(yǔ)一致，就近原則謂語(yǔ)與靠近的主語(yǔ)一致，就近原則 1._ you or he to attend tomorrows meeting? (be) 2.Either you or he _ mistaken. (be) 3.Neither Mary nor her parents _ in for rock music. (go) 4.There _ a pen and some books on the table. (be) Are is go is3.就前一致就前一致: (即謂語(yǔ)

10、動(dòng)詞與前面的中心詞一致即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的中心詞一致) + + 名詞名詞 B 這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)，這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)，2.The teacher as well as her students _ fond of popular music very much. 3. All but Tom _(know) the truth so far.with; together with; along with；but; except; besides, including; as well as; in addition to, not; rather than; like is- have known-

11、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞僅與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞僅與 A 一致一致4. + 名詞名詞 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 1.One third of the students in our class _ girls. (be) 2.Seventy percent of the surface of the earth _covered with / by water. 分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù) + of ; 百分?jǐn)?shù)百分?jǐn)?shù) + of some of ; part of ; half of ; most of ; the rest of ; .- are- is-謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于后面名詞的數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于后面名詞的數(shù)就后一致就后一致: (即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與后

12、面的中心詞一致即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與后面的中心詞一致)1. any, either, neither, none, all, some等作等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)時(shí)， Now all changed. have All silent at the meeting. be視其在句中的意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用作單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。視其在句中的意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用作單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。hasare三、代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致問(wèn)題三、代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致問(wèn)題 2. 不定代詞不定代詞(all指人除外指人除外)，many a 名詞單名詞單數(shù)數(shù), more than one作主語(yǔ)時(shí)作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 但但more +復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one Mo

13、re students than one have gone there before.謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。1.Many a boy and girl _made the same mistake. (have)2.Many a student _ (like) pop songs.haslikes找一找共同點(diǎn)：找一找共同點(diǎn)： 1. What we need _ hard work. What we need _ suitable materials. 2. Such _ what he told me. Such _ his words. 3. The follo

14、wing _ his advice on learning English. The following _ some tips to learn English. is are waswere is are 1）動(dòng)名詞、不定式或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)名詞、不定式或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用但但what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句視后面的引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句視后面的表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)而定。而定。 What we need time. ( be) What we need books. ( be) is are單數(shù)單數(shù)2) 單復(fù)同形的名詞單復(fù)同形的名詞，如：，如：means, works等。等。Every means has be

15、en tried. All means have been tried視其在句中的意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用作單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。視其在句中的意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用作單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。學(xué)案學(xué)案 特殊用法的總結(jié)特殊用法的總結(jié) 特殊1：more than one + 單數(shù)名詞 many a +單數(shù)名詞 特殊2：a large quantity（amount) of + 名詞 quantities (amounts) of + 名詞 特殊3：and 連接的兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)指同一人/事物/概念 特殊4：集合名詞police, people, cattle 特殊5：“the +形容詞/過(guò)去分詞” 表示一類人，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)

16、用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。1. The blind _ in special schools.A. is studying B. studies C. study D. has studied3. The museum I have visited _ at the end of the street.A. stand B. stands C. is standing D. are standing4. Three weeks _ not enough for me to wr

17、ite the report.A. is B. are C. has D. have8. Large quantities of water_ needed for cooling purpose.A.is B. are C. has D. have 1. Our class _ a big one.（be) Our class _ fond of music.2. 1.The trousers _ mine. (be) 2.This pair of trousers _ mine. 類似地類似地: Apples of this kind _ (sell) well. This kind of

18、 apples _(sell) well. is are四、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)匯總四、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)匯總 are is sellsells比一比比一比 3. The population of China _ far larger than that of Japan.(be) Eighty percent of the population in China _ farmers.4. 1.Every means _ been tried to solve the problem.(have) All means _ been tried to solve the problem. is are has have

19、5. 1.The aged _ being cared for in the community. (be) 2.The beautiful _ not always good. 6. 1. A singer and dancer _ been invited to the party. （have) 2. A singer and a dancer _ been invited to the party. are is has have7. Tom is one of who _ fired by the company last week. ( be) Tom is one of the

20、workers who _ fired by the company last week.8. A large quantity of water _wasted every year. ( be) Large quantities of water _wasted every year. were was is are 1.（2013江蘇）江蘇）21. Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others _ essential to their development. A. isB. areC. w

21、asD. Were 2.（2013湖南）湖南）33 The university estimates that living expenses for international students _around $8，450 a year, which _ a burden for some of them. Aare；is Bare，are Cis，are Dis，isConsolidation 3.（2013北京）北京）23. The famous musician, as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invitedConsolidation 21. A?！揪湟狻恳话阏f(shuō)來(lái)，他人對(duì)其期望值高的學(xué)生的內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)自身的發(fā)展是至關(guān)重要的。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)為students inner motivation with high expectations from others，中心詞為inner mot