初中英語(yǔ)講義(教案)：初二英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)講解一般過(guò)去時(shí)

1、初中英語(yǔ)講義(教案)：-初二英語(yǔ)-時(shí)態(tài)講解-一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí).、導(dǎo)入孩子弄的大人沒(méi)脾氣兒子問(wèn)老公：張飛他媽姓什么？老公：不知道。兒子：笨，姓吳，無(wú)事生非(吳氏生飛)都不知道。兒子再問(wèn)：張飛他爸姓什么？老公思索半天，猛拍腦門(mén)：姓惹，惹事生非！ 兒子狂笑：笨死了！姓張！你不跟你爸姓呀。(1)專(zhuān)題講解一般過(guò)去時(shí)1、定義：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；也可表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作和行為。2、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning , just now , a mom

2、entago ,two days ago , last night / year / week , before 11:00 , in the past , at that time 等3、使用情況：(1)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。I got up at 7:00 yesterday.我昨天 7 點(diǎn)起床。(2)表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他總是乘公交車(chē)去上班。4.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)及句型變化結(jié)構(gòu)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)主要有三種形式：(1)、結(jié)構(gòu)一(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be動(dòng)詞時(shí))肯定句： 主語(yǔ) +be(was

3、, were)+其它.(注：am,is 一was, are 一were否定句：主語(yǔ) +be+not+其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其它？e.g. I was late yesterday.I was not late yesterday.Were you late yesterday?Yes, I was.No, I wasnt.e.g. They were in Bei jing last year.They weren t in Bei jing last yearWere they in Bei jing last year ?Yes, they were.No, they weren

4、tam 和is 在般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?was。 (was not=wasn t)are在一般過(guò)去日中變?yōu)?were。(were not=weren t)(2)、結(jié)構(gòu)二(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí))(注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can , may , have to 等等。)肯定句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+動(dòng)詞原形+其它.否定句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？E.g. The old man could swim 30 years ago.The old man couldn t swim 30 years ago.Could the old man

5、swim 30 years ago?Yes, he could.No, he couldn t.常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式如下：can could （能，會(huì)）maymight （可以）have to had to （不得不）shallshould （將要）用于第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)will would （將要）用于所有人稱(chēng)(3)、結(jié)構(gòu)三(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí))肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其它.否定句：主語(yǔ)+ didn t +動(dòng)詞原形+其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？E.g. Li Ming studied English this morning.Li Ming didnt study Engli

6、sh this morning.Did Li Ming study English this morning ?Yes, he did.No, he didnt.注：1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，變否定句和去時(shí)不分人稱(chēng)和單復(fù)數(shù)，都是加E.g. We often played tennis in the past.We didnt often play tennis in the past.Did you often play tennis in the past?Yes, we did.No, we didnt.一般疑問(wèn)句一律找助動(dòng)詞did來(lái)幫忙（過(guò)did 或 did not）2 .前面出現(xiàn)了助動(dòng)

7、詞，后面的動(dòng)詞一律用原形3 .變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，一問(wèn)一答的關(guān)系當(dāng)中,第一人稱(chēng)和第二人稱(chēng)要相互交施5.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句：結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ 一般疑問(wèn)句？特殊疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它?弋二特殊疑問(wèn)詞+was/were+主語(yǔ)+其它？E.g. Where were you last night ?What did Jim do yesterday?Where did you walk to yesterday ?How did you find the job?6、動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式1、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的規(guī)則變化(1)、一般詞尾加-edstay-stayedask - asked(2)、以e結(jié)尾的

8、只加-dhope-hopedhelp - helped look-lookedlove - lovedlivef livedwatch - watched(3)、末尾三個(gè)字母以“輔+元+輔”結(jié)尾，且為重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音dance - danced4 / 10字母，再加-edStop- stoppedplan- planneddrop - droppedbeg - begged(4)、輔音字母+y”尾，變y為i,再加-edcarry - carriedstudy - studiedhurry - hurried2、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的不規(guī)則變化(見(jiàn)書(shū)后表格)7、口訣：動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)

9、生事；be 用 was 或用 were, have,has 變 had;謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，過(guò)去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；一般動(dòng)詞加-ed,若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn 添；疑問(wèn)句也不難，did放在主語(yǔ)前；如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需還原;動(dòng)詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。(2)變式練習(xí)、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式isamflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdo、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yester

10、day.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. It Childr en s Day.All the students very excited

11、.初中英語(yǔ)講義（教案）：-初二英語(yǔ)-時(shí)態(tài)講解-一般過(guò)去時(shí)四、鞏固練習(xí)一、句型變換。1、There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：肯定回答：否定回答：2 They played football on the playground.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：肯定回答：否定回答：二、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father (read) a newspaper last night.3. We to the zoo yesterday, Tom to

12、the park. (go)4. you (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he .6. Gao Shan (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. What she (find) in the garden last morning?She (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It (be) Be

13、n birthday last Friday10. We all (have) a good time last night.拓展訓(xùn)練、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1、Lucy did her homework at home.(改否定句)Lucy her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge (冰箱).(變一般疑問(wèn)句)he meat in the fridge?3、She stayed there for a week.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) she there?4、There was some orange in the cup.(變一般疑問(wèn)句

14、) there orange in the cup?、單項(xiàng)選擇：1. My father ill yesterday .A . isntB. arentC. wasntD. werent2. your parents at home last week ?A. IsB. WasC. AreD. Were3. The twinsin Dalian last year.Theyhere now.A . are; wereB. were; areC. was; areD. were; was4. your father at work the day yesterday (前 大)？A . Was;

15、 before B . Is; before5. Who was on duty last Friday ?C. was; areD. were; wasA . I amB. I wasC. Yes, I wasD . No, I wasnt三、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Don t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)2. What you just now? I some housework. (do)(pick)3. They (make) a kite a week ago.4. I want to apples. But my dad all

16、of them last month.5. he the flowers this morning? Yes, he . (water)6. She (be) a pretty girl. Look, she (do) Chinese dances.7. The students often (draw) some pictures in the art room.家庭作業(yè)、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式、過(guò)夫式形式go enjoybuy eatget walktake dancewrite runswim findbegin eatplay study、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Tom

17、and Mary(come) to China last month.2. Mike(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night.So he(get) up late.3. Mary(read) English yesterday morning.4. Tom(begin) to learn Chinese last year.5. My mother(not do) housework yesterday.6. There a telephone call for you just now. (be)7. -When you(come) to chin

18、a? -Last year.8. (be) it cold in your city yesterday?9. How many people(be) there in your class last term?10. There(be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I(have) no time to watch it.初中英語(yǔ)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表1.AAA動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞cost k ?stcost k ?stcost k ?st花費(fèi)cutk?tcut k ?tcut k ?t割，切hurth?：thurth ?：thurth?

19、：t受傷hithithithithit hit打，撞letletletletlet let讓putputput putput put放下read ri：dread ri：dread ri：d讀set setset setset set安排，安置spread spredspread spredspread spred展開(kāi)，傳播，涂spitspitspit/spat spitspit/spat spit吐痰，shut ?tshut?tshut ?t關(guān)上，閉起，停止?fàn)I業(yè)7 / 10初中英語(yǔ)講義(教案)：-初二英語(yǔ)-時(shí)態(tài)講解-一般過(guò)去時(shí)2.ABB動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式 過(guò)去分詞beat bi：tbeat bi

20、：tbeaten bi：tn 打敗3.ABA動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞become bik ?mbecame bikeimbecome bik ?m變come k?mcame keimcome k?m來(lái)run r?nran r? nrunr?n跑4.ABB(1)在動(dòng)詞原形后加一個(gè)輔音字母d, t或ed構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞burn b?:nburnt b?:ntburnt b?:nt燃燒deal di:ldealt deltdealt delt解決dream dri:mdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt dremt做夢(mèng)hear hi?heard h ?:

21、dheard h ?:d聽(tīng)見(jiàn)hang h?hanged/ hung h ?hanged/hung絞夕匕，懸掛learn l?:nlearned/learnt l?:ntlearned/learnt l?:nt學(xué)習(xí)light laitlit/lighted litlit/lighted lit點(diǎn)燃，照亮mean mi:nmeant mentmeant ment意思provepru:vprovedproven/proved pru:v ?n證明，證實(shí)，試驗(yàn)shine ?ainshone/shinedshone/shined ?un, ?n使照耀，使發(fā)光show ?ushowedshowed/sho

22、wn ?un展示，給看smell smelsmelled/smelt smeltsmelled/smelt smelt聞，嗅speed spi:dspedsped/speededsped/speeded sped加速spell spelspelled/spelt speltspelled/spelt spelt拼寫(xiě)wake weikwaked/woke w?ukwaked/woken w?uk?n醒來(lái)，叫醒，激發(fā)(2)把動(dòng)詞原形的最后一個(gè)輔音字母“曲為t構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞build bildbuilt biltbuilt bilt建筑lend lendlent len

23、tlent lent借給rebuild ,ri:bildrebuilt ,ri:biltrebuilt ,ri:bilt改建，重建send sendsent sentsent sent送spend spendspent spentspent spent花費(fèi)(3)原形 一ought ought動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞bring bri?brought br?:tbrought br?:t帶來(lái)buy baibought b?:tbought b?:t買(mǎi)fight faitfought f ?:tfought f?:t打架think e i?kthought 此tthought mt思考，想(4) 原

24、形-aught faught動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞catch k? t?caught k?:tcaught k?:t捉，抓teach ti:t ?taught t ?:ttaught t ?:t教(5)變其中一個(gè)元音字母動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞dig di dug d?4dug d?4掘(土),挖(洞、溝等)feed fi：dfed fedfed fed喂find faindfoundfound發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到get getgotg?tgot/gotten g?t?n得到hold h?uldheld heldheld held擁后，握住，支持lead li:dled ledled led引導(dǎo)，帶領(lǐng)，領(lǐng)

25、導(dǎo)meet mi:tmet metmet met遇見(jiàn)sit sitsat s? tsats? t坐shoot ?u:tshot?tshot?t射擊spit spitspit/spat sp? tspit/spat sp? t吐痰，stick stikstuck st ?kstuck st ?k插進(jìn)，刺入，粘住，win winwon w?nwon w ?n贏(6)原形 一 口1即如一 口即血?jiǎng)釉~原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞feel fi:lfelt feltfelt felt感到keep ki:pkept keptkept kept保持leave li:vleft leftleftleft離開(kāi)sleep

26、sli:pslept sleptslept slept睡覺(jué)sweep swi:pswept sweptswept swept掃(7)其它動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞lay leilaid leidlaid leid卜蛋，放置pay peipaid peidpaid peid付say seisaid sedsaid sed說(shuō)stand st? ndstood studstood stud站understandunderstood ,?nd ?st? ndunderstood , ?nd ?st? nd明白lose lu:zlost l?st, l ?:stlost l ?st, l ?:st失去hav

27、e h ?vhad h? d, h ?d, ?dhad h? d, h ?d, ?d有make meikmade meidmade meid制造sell selsold s?uldsold s?uld賣(mài)tell teltold t?uldtold t ?uld告訴retell ,ri:telretold ,ri:t ?uldretold ,ri:t ?uld重講，重復(fù)，復(fù) 述5.ABC (1) 原形 過(guò)去式 原形 +(e)n動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞blow bl ?ublew blu:blown吹drive draiv drove dr ?uvdriven driv ?n駕駛draw dr?:d

28、rew dru:drawn dr ?:n畫(huà)畫(huà)eat i:tate et,eiteaten i:t ?n吃fallf?:lFellfel fallen f ?:l?n落卜give gvgave 里ivgiven gv?n給9 / 10初中英語(yǔ)講義（教案）：-初二英語(yǔ)-時(shí)態(tài)講解-一般過(guò)去時(shí)grow cr?ugrew 叫:grown cr?un生長(zhǎng)forgive f ? civforgot f ? g?tforgiven原諒，饒恕know n ?uknew nju:, nu:known知道m(xù)istake misteikmistook mistukmistooken弄錯(cuò)；誤解，overeat ?uv?i:toverate ,?uv?reitovereaten（使）吃過(guò)量provepru:vprovedproven/proved證明，證實(shí)，試驗(yàn)take teiktook tuktaken teikn, teik ?n拿t