舊上海牛津英語B知識點梳理

1、Module 1 Garden City and its neighboursUnit 1 Writing a travel guide【知識點梳理】1. guide n. 指南；手冊 Youd better buy a travel guide when you are travelling in a foreign country. 當你在外國旅行 時，你最好買一本旅游指南。 Design a travel guide. 設(shè)計一份旅游指南。 【提示】guide 還可以表示“導(dǎo)游”。如：The guide showed them around Paris. 導(dǎo)游帶領(lǐng)他 們參觀了巴黎。 【拓展

2、】guide 作動詞時，可以表示“為領(lǐng)路，帶領(lǐng)”。如：Jack guided the old man to the information desk. 杰克把老人領(lǐng)到問訊處。2. tour n. 旅行；旅游 Can you give us some tour suggestions? 你能給我們一些旅行建議嗎？ 【聯(lián)想】tourist n. 游客，旅游者3. take part in 參加（活動） 如：Well take part in the sports meeting this Friday. 本周五我們要參加運動會。 They have decided to take part in

3、a competition. 他們決定參加一個競賽。 【比較】take part in與join 都有“參加”的意思。take part in 表示參加某項活動；join表 示參加或加入某個團體或組織。 如：He joined the Party ten years ago.他十年前入黨。 Ill join the Youth League next month. 下個月我要入團。 【提示】take part in = join in4. sightseeing n. 觀光；游覽 Tourists usually go there for sightseeing and fun.游客們通常會去

4、那兒觀光游玩。 【記憶】go sightseeing去觀光 【聯(lián)想】go shopping去購物；go swimming去游泳；go fishing去釣魚；go travelling去旅游； go camping去野營； go cycling去騎車；go boating去劃船；go hiking去徒步旅行 go skating去溜冰；go windsurfing去風帆沖浪；go hunting去打獵 【拓展】a sightseeing bus觀光旅游車 a sightseeing tour觀光旅游5. in the centre of 位于的中部 【比較】in the centre of 強調(diào)

5、與四周距離相等的中心位置，常用來指空間；in the middle of 強調(diào)兩端之間的位置，并不強調(diào)中心，既可用于指空間，也可用于指時間。 如：There is a beautiful fountain in the centre of Peoples Square. 人民廣場中央有一個美麗的 噴泉。（指中心位置） They usually have noodles in the middle of the day. 他們通常在中午吃面。（指時間） She saw a big dog running in the middle of the street. 她看見有只狗在街道中間跑。（指空

6、間）6. in the south of 位于的南部 【聯(lián)想】類似的表達：in the north of位于的北部, in the west of位于的西部, in the east of位于的東部 【注意】用英語表達方位時， north和south 通常放在east和west之前。 如：northeast東北，northwest西北，southeast東南， southwest西南 【拓展】in the south of 位于的南部，強調(diào)在某一個范圍之內(nèi)；如兩地接壤用on the south of； 兩地不相鄰用 (to the) south of，如： A is in the south

7、of B. (B包含A) A is on the south of B. (A和B接壤) A is (to the) south of B. (A和B不相鄰)7. on Chongming Island 位于崇明島上 【注意】表示在島嶼上時，介詞要用on8. get on with 進展 如：How are you getting on with your project? 你們的項目進展如何？ 【聯(lián)想】get on with相當于get along with 還可以表示“與相處”的意思。 如：How are you getting on with you new classmates? 你和

8、你的新同學們相處得怎樣？ get on well with sb.表示“與相處融洽”。 如：Does he get on well with his cousins?他和他的表兄弟們相處得好嗎？ 9. be famous for以而著名，介詞for表示原因。 如：Shanghai is famous for its night views.上海以它的夜景而著名。 Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.杭州以西湖而著名。10. be known as被認為；被譽為，介詞as表示“作為”。 如：Shanghai is known as a “Shopping P

9、aradise”. 上海被譽為購物天堂。 Venice is known as the City of Water. 威尼斯被譽為水城。11. one of the largest cities 最大的城市之一 【記憶】one of+形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“最之一” 如：one of the greatest inventors 最偉大的發(fā)明家之一 one of the most beautiful countries 最美麗的國家之一 on of the biggest animals 最大的動物之一12. betweenand 在和之間，可用于表示位置和時間關(guān)系。 如：There a

10、re many bridges and tunnels between Pudong and Puxi. 浦東和浦西之間有許多 橋梁和隧道。 Hell free between five oclock and six oclock. 他五點到六點之間有空。13. surprising adj.令人驚奇的 It is not surprising that many tourists come to visit Shanghai every year to shop.每年有那么多 的游客來上海也就不足為奇了。 【聯(lián)想】surprised adj. 感到驚奇的，如：I was very surpr

11、ised to see him here. 在這兒見到他 我很驚訝。 【拓展】surprise v. 使吃驚；使感到意外，如：The news surprised us all. 這消息使我們 所有人都吃了一驚。surprise n. 驚奇，如： to ones surprise令某人驚訝； What a big surprise he gave us! 他給了我們一個大大的驚奇！14. in about eight minutes 在大約八分鐘內(nèi) 【提示】 “in+一段時間”的結(jié)構(gòu)有以下兩種含義： （1）表示“在一段時間之內(nèi)”，常用一般現(xiàn)在時或過去時。 如：The Maglev takes

12、you to the international airport in about eight minutes. 磁懸浮列車可以在八分鐘之內(nèi)把你帶到國際機場。The No. 2 bus takes you to the Peoples Park in about half an hour. 二路車可以在半小時 內(nèi)將你帶到人民公園。 The artist could drew a beautiful horse in five minutes. 畫家可以在五分鐘內(nèi)畫出一匹駿 馬。 （2）表示“在一段時間之后”，常用一般將來時。 如：My father will be back from Amer

13、ica in two days. 我爸爸將在兩天后從美國回來。15. therefore adv. 因此，所以【比較】therefore與so 意思相同，但詞性不同。therefore是副詞，so是連詞。如: I was ill, and therefore could not come. 我病了，所以沒能來。 It rained. Therefore, we didnt have the football match. = It rained, so we didnt have the football match. 下雨了。因此我們沒有舉行足球賽。16. floating adj. 浮動的

14、 【記憶】floating restaurants 水上餐廳【聯(lián)想】float v. 漂浮，浮起17. think of想出Can you think of more interesting places? 你能想出更多有趣的地方嗎？ 【提示】think of還有“考慮”的意思，此時也可以用think about來表示。 如：What do you think of/about my new job? 你如何看我的新工作？18. 重點句型：（1）If you go to, you will see/find/eat.【記憶】在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，如果主句使用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，

15、我們把這種規(guī)則簡稱為“主將從現(xiàn)”。如：If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨，我們將去公園。 此外，主句也可以是祈使句或是含有情態(tài)動詞的句子。如：Please tell him the news if he comes back. 如果他回來，告訴他這個消息。 Have a good rest if you are tired. 如果你累的話，好好休息。 You can see many tall trees if you go to the Forest Park. 如果你去森林公園，你能看見許多大樹。 She

16、must go to see the doctor if she is ill. 如果她病了，必須去看醫(yī)生。（2）Therefore, it is not surprising that many tourists come to visit Shanghai every year to shop! There are many bridges and tunnels, so it is convenient to travel between Pudong andPuxi.【提示】我們常用“It is + 形容詞+to do sth.”或 “It is +形容詞+that從句”的結(jié)構(gòu)表達對某

17、事的看法。在這兩個句型中，it是形式主語，真正的主語是to do sth.和that引導(dǎo)的從句部分。如：It is very important to learn English well. 學好英語很重要。 It isnt difficult for him to work out the problem. 對他來說做出這題不難。 It is wonderful that we can have a barbecue in the park. 我們能在公園燒烤太棒了。（3）Where can tourists go in Shanghai? They can go to _ (place).

18、Unit 2 Going to see a film【知識點輸理】1. want to do 同義詞組 would like to do 想要做某事2. read a film guide 閱讀電影指南3. discuss which film to see 討論看哪部電影4. take a look at 看一看= have a look at 5. fumy films 滑稽電影6. an action film 動作片7. films about adventures/clowns/policemen and robbers 冒險片/小丑片/警匪片 robber 搶劫犯 要注意rob、r

19、obbery8. a love story about一個關(guān)于的愛情故事full of laughter and fun 充滿笑聲和趣事 laugh 笑 （V.）laughter 笑聲（n.） be full of 充滿 full 是個形容詞，表示滿的，飽的 be full of 與 be filled with 是近義詞，同時要注意 fillwith的用法（用。裝滿。）e.g. The room is full of people.這間屋里擠滿了人-The room is filled with people.9. a film with a lot of action 一部充滿動作的電影1

20、0. the most exciting film of the year 本年度最激動人心的電影11. miss the cartoon 錯過那部卡通片12. walk along沿著走13. get there from my home 從我家到哪兒14. on the left/right 在左邊/右邊15. get to from 從到16. the way to the cinema到電影院的路17. turn left/ rightinto_(street/road) 向左/右拐進路/街道 【重點句型】 1. like the film about adventures So do

21、 I .(Me too) I dont like the film about adventures Neither do I .so+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/系動詞/+主語，表示“也”，具體時態(tài)要跟上句一致neither+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/系動詞/+主語 表示“與他人做法一致，也不”具體時態(tài)也要跟上句一致e.g. They ate a lot of food. So did we. They didnt eat a lot of food. Neither did we. I can reach the shelf. So can I. I cant reach the shelf. Neithe

22、r can I.2. Which film would you like to see this Saturday? 本周六你想看哪部電影？ Id like to see . 我想看。3. How much are they going to pay for the tickets altogether? 他們總共要花多少錢買這些票？altogetherin all 總共pay for花。錢買。e.g. I need to pay 40 yuan for the film ticket. 4. 問路和一些回答： -How can I get there from my home ?/ whic

23、h is the way to? -Turn right（left）into .Walk along Green Street . You will see on your left5. What about Police Story? 去看警察故事這部電影怎么樣？What about + 名詞/動名詞?= How about + 名詞/動名詞? 表示“做什么事情如何？”e.g. What about going to the cinema?6. Shall we see “Swan Lake” then? 我們?nèi)タ刺禊Z湖好嗎？shall 是情態(tài)動詞,表示建議。 e.g. Shall we g

24、o shopping tomorrow?表示建議的句型還有：Lets go to see “Swan Lake”, shall we? Why not go to see “Swan Lake”?Unit 3 A visit to Garden City【知識點梳理】1. a visit to Garden City 參觀花園市 這里的 visit 是名詞 visit Garden City 參觀花園市 這里的 visit 是動詞 They paid a visit to Shanghai Museum last week. 他上周參觀了上海博物館。 They visited Shanghai

25、 Museum last week. 2. the Li family 李家3. teach maths in a school 在一個學校教數(shù)學 The person who teaches maths in our school is Miss Guo.那個在我們學校教數(shù)學的是郭小姐。 Miss Guo teaches us maths in our school 郭小姐教我們數(shù)學。 4. be an architect（ an engineer ）work as an architect （an engineer ）擔任（建筑師）工程師一職He has been an architect

26、 for 4 years. 他擔任建筑師已經(jīng)4年了。 He has worked as an architect for 4 years. 5. quite a few (years) 好幾（年） 跟可數(shù)名詞 He has made quite a few friends since he came here.自從他來到這里已經(jīng)交了好幾個朋友了。 quite a little （news ） 好些新聞 跟不可數(shù)名詞 He has collected quite a little useful news since he surfed the net. 自從他上網(wǎng)以來，已經(jīng)收集了好多有用的信息了

27、。6. for 12 years 12年 for several years 好幾年 since 12 years ago 自從12年起 since several years ago 好幾年前起7. draw plans of buildings 畫建筑圖8. design machines 設(shè)計機器 9deliver letters 送信 10. train someone in sport 在體育方面訓(xùn)練某人11. drive a bus 開車12. be in charge of a school 負責主管一個學校be in the charge of a school 由。負責主管一

28、個學校 例： Mr Gu is in charge of our class. 谷老師負責管理我們班級。 Our class is in the charge of Mr Gu. 我們班級由谷老師負責管理。 13. shop with sb. 跟某人一起購物 這里的 是個動詞。I usually shop with my mum at the shopping mall on Sundays. 我經(jīng)常在周日和媽媽去購物中心買東西。I usually do some shopping with my mum at the shopping mall on Sundays. 14. tell th

29、e time 告知時間The child is old enough to tell the time. 這個小孩已經(jīng)能認識鐘了。 15. hold the keys 拴住鑰匙16. take the cable car 乘纜車17. on the top of the hill 在小山頂上We enjoy the nice views on the top of the hill. 我們從山頂欣賞美麗的景色。 18. carry people up a hill 把人帶到山上19. have a good time 玩得高興 和enjoy oneself 同意 The children ha

30、d a good time at the beach last weekend. 上周末孩子們在海灘上玩得高興。 The children enjoyed themselves at the beach last weekend. 201）現(xiàn)在完成時。表示過去的某個動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。 She has been a teacher since 1997. She has been a teacher for quite a few years. 2）但是有些短暫性動詞不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。如： He has left. 他離開了。 表示他不在這里， 在過去某個時候走的。 不能用

31、He has left for 3 days. 我們可以用He has been away for 3 days. 他走了3天了。當短暫性動詞要表達一段時間時，我們可以用以下的詞替換：leave-be away begin-be on buy-have borrow-keep come-be here go-be away die-be dead35、重點句型 How long have you been a teacher? I have been a teacher for quite a few years. I have been a teacher since quite a few

32、 years ago. Whats Aunt Maggies job? What does an architect do? a waiter is a person who brings food to people A farmer is a person who grows vegetables in the field. A postman is a person who delivers letters A coach is a person who trains someone in sport A headmaster is a person who is in charge o

33、f a school A watch is used for telling the time A watch is used to tell the time. The view from the top of the hill is fantastic. Unit 4 Lets go shopping【知識點梳理】need 作情態(tài)動詞時need do sth./ neednt to sth. 需要/ 不必做某事作實義動詞時need to do sth. 或 dont need to do sth需要/ 不必做某事e.g.We need buy a lot of food for the p

34、arty. 我們需要為晚會買許多食物。 He doesnt need to buy a new watch for his brother.他沒必要給他兄弟買一個新手表。注意：I need some help.我需要一些幫助。（這里need是唯一的動詞，只能作實義動詞） 否定句：I dont need any help.(不可以說：I neednt any help)2.a pair of 一條，一副，一雙e.g. a pair of jeans a pair of trousers a pair of pantsa pair of shorts a pair of glasses a pai

35、r of shoesa pair of socks a pair of stockings a pair of scissors3.with 表示“帶有.”e.g. the dress with the blue spots 帶藍色圓點的裙子 the T-shirt with the V-neck 帶V字領(lǐng)的T恤衫 the classroom with four windows 帶四個窗戶的教室4.try on 試穿 （后面若跟的是代詞 it或them，要放中間）e.g. Let me try on this dress. You can try it on if you like the c

36、olour.5.buy sb. sth = buy sth for sb 買某物給某人e.g. My father bought me a new bike last week. = My father bought a new bike for me last week.6.in ones size 某人的尺寸 （對尺寸提問要用what）e.g. We dont have the dress in your size. What size do you want? Do you have jeans in my size? Whats your size?7.商店名稱： A toy shop

37、 玩具店/ a clothes shop 服裝店/ a shoe shop 鞋店/ a furniture shop 家具店/ a bookshop 書店/ a supermarket 超市8.衣服名稱：dress 連衣裙 shirt 襯衫 T-shirt T恤衫 sweater 線衫 trousers 褲子 pants 褲子 underwear 內(nèi)衣 coat 外套 jacket 夾克衫 uniform 制服 skirt 短裙 blouse 女襯衫overcoat 大衣 raincoat 雨衣 vest 背心 swimming suit 游泳衣 shorts 短褲 scarf圍巾 glove

38、s 手套 sock 短襪 9.衣服的尺寸Ssmall 小號 Mmedium中號 Llarge 大號10. one 與ones本課里one 是代詞，用來指上文提到的某類物品中的一個,ones 是one 的復(fù)數(shù)。e.g. -Which shirt do you like better?-I like the one with the long sleeves. -I like the trousers with the blue belt, but I dont like the ones with the yellow belt.11. 比較：Right. 對的。（你說得對）Thats right. 對的。（你說得對）All right. 好的。（表示同意）Thats all right. 沒關(guān)系12.重點句型Would you like to come? 你想去嗎？（同義句：Do you want to come?）Which shops are you going to?你打算去哪家商店？（比較：Where are you going? 你到哪兒去？（沒有to）I need to buy a lot of things.我需要買很多東西。（否定句：I don