2.--定語從句講解與練習(xí)習(xí)題

1、 定語從句一、 定語從句的功用和結(jié)構(gòu)     在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之后。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。例如：   This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.   Do you know everybody who came to the party   I still remember the night when I first came t

2、o the village   This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.一、 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的功用     關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞用來引導(dǎo)定于從句，在先行詞和定語從句之間起紐帶作用，使二者聯(lián)系起來。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞又在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個成分。關(guān)系代詞做主語，賓語，定語，關(guān)系副詞可作狀語。1.作主語：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)須和先行詞一致。   I don't like people who talk much but d

3、o little.   The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.2.作賓語：   She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.   The book that my grandmother gave me is called "The Great Escape".3.作定語     關(guān)系代詞whose在定語從句中作定語用。例

4、如：   What's the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor？   The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.4.作狀語   I'll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.   This is the house where I was born.二、 各個關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的具體用法 指人，在定語從句中作主語

5、。例如：   The person who broke the window must pay for it.   The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.指人，在定語從句中作賓語。例如：   Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate   Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come. 指人，在定語從句中作定語。例如：   The g

6、irl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.   I know the boy whose father is a professor.指物，在定語從中作主語或賓語。例如：   A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.   Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.多指物，有時也指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。例如：  

7、 I've read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.   Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there 指時間，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：   I'll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.   He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left. 指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作狀語

8、。例如：   This is the house where we lived last year.   The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.三、 關(guān)系代詞 whom， which 在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語從句之間，有時為了關(guān)系緊湊也可以將 whom 與 which 與先行詞緊挨著書寫，而將介詞置于定語從句的后面，如：   That was the room in which we had lived for ten

9、 years.= That was the room     which we had lived in for ten years.四、 具體使用時還要注意下列問題：1.只能使用that,不用which 的情況：(1) 先行詞是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代詞時。   All that he said is true. (2) 先行詞被only, no, any, all,等詞修飾時。例如：   He is the only foreign

10、er that has been to that place. (3) 先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾的詞。例如：   He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4) 先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾的詞。   This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5) 先行詞既包括人又包括物時。例如：   He talked about the people and the things he remembered.

11、2.只能用which，不用that 的情況：(1) 在非限制性定語從中。例如：   The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.(2) 定語從句由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)，先行詞是物時。例如：   The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.1  -Does the teacher know everybody _ planted the trees？   -Yes, he d

12、oes.         2. The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very important.         3. -Where is the scientist _ gave us the talk yesterday？   -He has gone back to Qinghua University.         4. I h

13、ate people _ talk much but do little.         一、單項填空 is the man _ was talking to our English teacher？   -Oh! It's Mr Baker, our maths teacher.         hate the people _ don't help others when they are in trouble. 

14、0;       foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada.         Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing.         is the place _I have ever visited. knows the reason _ she didn't come to the meeting.

15、60;        moon is a world _ there is no life.         has forgotten the day _ he arrived.         still remembers the days _ he spent with your family.         which _ car had been sto

16、len, came to the policeman.         got to the village _ his family once lived before liberation.      is the house _ I want to buy. which         is the house _ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.  

17、;       didn't tell me the place _ he was born.         lived in a small village, _ was a long way from the railway station.         二、用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞將下列每對句子連成一個復(fù)合句 boy is my younger was here a minute ago. old man is a te

18、aches chemistry in a college. Hotel is near Tian An Men foreign visitors live there. woman is here were talking about her. is the listened to the report in it the other day. car was going 90 miles an car just passed us. man waved to man was my uncle. enjoyed reading the gave me a book last week. pre

19、fer the subject is science. spoke to the man is a professor.三、用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空 house _ we live in is very big. boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever. is the present _ he gave me for my birthday. man _ talked to you just now is an engineer. talked about the teachers and schools _ he had vis

20、ited. is nothing in the world _ can frighten him. wears a gold ring, _ is very uncommon in our class. visited a factory _ makes toys for children. this the place _ your father once lived？'ll never forget the days _ I joined the League. place _interested me most was the Children's Palace. A.

21、Which B. where C. what D. in which you know the man _ A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke is the hotel _last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded A. which B

22、. that C. when D. on which is the day _I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when factory _we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. t

23、here is one of the best films _. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked you lend me the book _the other day A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked pen _he is writing is mine. A. with

24、which B. in which C. on which D. by which arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that engineer _my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom there anyone in your class _family is in the country A. who B. who's C

25、. which D. whose 'm interested in _you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as isn't such a man _he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as is good at English, _we all know. A. that B. as C. whom

26、D. what Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went went with him don't like _ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school. A. which B. that

27、C. whom D. what letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 're the only person _I've ever met _could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who lost a book,

28、 _I can't remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it can never forg

29、et the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when way _he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B. whose C. what D./ is the reason _he didn't come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which machine, _

30、for many years, is still working perfectly. A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after reason _he didn't come was _he was ill. A. why; that ;why C. for that;that which;what is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam. whic

31、h is not the way _I do it. A./ which which have two grammars, _are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which want to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago. A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which neigh bours used to give me a hand in time

32、of trouble, _ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph. A. that B. which C. from that D. from which is not such a man _ would leave his work half done. A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes. A. / B. why C.

33、 when D. whose 40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. - Did you ask the guard _ happened - Yes, he told me all _ he knew. A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm with the f

34、armers, _ has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing. A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns. A. followed B. following C. to follow

35、D. that followed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn A. that B. / C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see _ was going on inside house. A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 47. Is _ some German friends visited last week A

36、. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 48. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected. A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I have bought two ballpens, _ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten

37、 _ eaten up. A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 定語從句練習(xí)題及詳解50題參考答案及解析 1. A. which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。 2C. "和誰講話”要說speak to sb. 本題全句應(yīng)為Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語，可以省略。 3. D. where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。 4. C. when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。 5A. which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作

38、forget的賓語。其他幾個答案都不能作賓語。 6C. 解析同第5題。 7. A. 解析見第3題。 8. A. 本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因此，關(guān)系代詞that是負(fù)數(shù)概念，其謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動語態(tài)have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則the one應(yīng)該視為先行詞。 9. A. “談到某事物”應(yīng)說talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語，不能用that。 10. A. with which是"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu),常用來引導(dǎo)定語從句.with有"用"的意思,介詞之后只能用whi

39、ch,不能用that. with which在定語從句中作狀語,即he is writing with a pen. 11. C. in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse. In front of which在從句中作狀語. 12. D. with whom引導(dǎo)定語從句.with whom放在從句中即為:my father works with the engineer. 13. D. whose引導(dǎo)定語從句,在從句中作主語family的定語. 14. A. that引導(dǎo)定語從句,因?yàn)橄刃性~是all,所以只能選用that引導(dǎo). 15. D. the

40、 same.as是固定用法, as引導(dǎo)定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本句話中,as作從句的主語. 16. D. such as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本題中,as作表語. 17. B. as作關(guān)系代詞可以單獨(dú)用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。這時as所指代的不是主句中某個名詞，而往往指代整個主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語、賓語。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語. 18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定語從句.with whom放在

41、從句中為:I went to the concert with Li Ming. 19. C. as引導(dǎo)定語從句時通常構(gòu)成suchas或the sameas固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。 as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。Such修飾單數(shù)名詞時,要用such a.,本題中such books, such直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞. 20. B. things和persons是先行詞.當(dāng)定語從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時,其關(guān)系代詞要用that. 21. D. who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,who作從句的主語. 22. C. t

42、wo thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers. 23. D. 先行詞person后有兩個定語從句,第一個從句省略了關(guān)系代詞whom.因?yàn)? whom作從句中met的賓語,可以省略.第二個從句who could do 在從句中作主語,不可省略. 24. A. whose title引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,whose title也可以說成the title of which 25. A. for which 引導(dǎo)定語從句,使用介詞for,是來自于從句中的固定短語 be famous for "以.而聞名". 26. C.

43、當(dāng)先行詞被such修飾時,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞要用as. As在本從句中作主語. 27. A. 兩個先行詞the day都是表示時間的名詞,但第一個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語,因此要用關(guān)系副詞when. 第二個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語,因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來引導(dǎo)定語從句. 28. D. 在way、distance、direction等詞后的定語從句中，常用that來代替“in (或其他介詞)+which”、when或where，而that?？墒÷?。 29. D. for which在定語從句中作原因狀語,可用why 來替代. 30. B. whi

44、ch I have looked after 構(gòu)成一個非限制性定語從句. 31. A. The reason why was that.已成為一種固定句型，這一句中的why和that不能隨意換位，也不能將that改成because，盡管that這個詞在譯文中可能有 “因?yàn)椤钡暮x。 32. B. 非限制性定語從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個含義. 33. A. 解釋見28題. 34. D. 主句中的two表明不能選A.從句中的are表明不能選B. both of which用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句. 35. C. as引導(dǎo)定語從句時通常構(gòu)成suchas或the sameas固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。本題中as作從句的主語. 36. B. 非限制性定語從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個含義. 37. D. 38. D. 解析見35題. 39. A. he makes是定語從句, 從句前省略了關(guān)系代詞that. 40. B. which is a bad habit 非限制性定語從句. 41. A. what h