語法填空(2019—2014全國高考卷真題)匯編

1、語法填空（20192014全國高考卷真題）匯編（含I卷II卷III卷，共十六卷 附答案詳解）一、2019年(全國卷III)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。On our way to the house, it was raining 61 hard that we couldn ' t help wondering how long it would take 62(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pac

2、k 63 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _65(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were ableto eat papaya (木瓜)and other fruits from thei

3、r trees in the backyard.When they were free from work , they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66(compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared withus many 67 (tradition ) stories about Hawaii that were 68(huge) popular with tourists.On the last da

4、y of our week-long stay, we 69(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautifulfarm on the North Shore under the stars ,70(listen) to musicians and meeting interestinglocals. 答案： 61. so62. to get63. of 64. who 65. recommended66. competition 67. Traditional 68. hugely 69. were invited 70. Listening

5、二、2019年(全國卷II )閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year for 61(be) Britain ' s oldestfull-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield ,62 she opened with her late husband Les.

6、 Her years of hardwork have 63(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to beCheshire' s Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement award, proud Irene 64(declare) she had noplans 65(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, "I don ' t see any rea

7、son to giveup work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66(make) over theyears. I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to. ”Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award

8、. She said ,“ We don ' t have any ideawho put grandma forward. When we got a call 68( say) she was short-listed, we thoughtit was 69 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It '70s (wonder).” 答案： 61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65

9、. to retire 66. have made 67. but 68. saying 69. a 70. wonderful三、2019年(全國卷I)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88° , there is1evidencerange all the wayacross the Arcti

10、c, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have

11、been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded b

12、y 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集)around human settlements, leading to the illusion ( 錯覺)that populations are68 (high) than they actuallyare. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data

13、. 答案： 61. that62. poorly63. of/for64. to perform 65. have reported66. belief67. noting68. higher69. the70. Are四、2018年(全國卷I)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or fo

14、r long 62(see)the benefit.You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regatesalstly cann't make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the

15、review also made a study published in 201466 showed a mere five to 10minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwiseit's probably runnin g. Toavoid knee pain,you can run on soft sur

16、faces,do exercises to 68 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and it's always 69 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.【答案】61. lon

17、ger62. to see63. dying64. is65. than66. that which67. causes68. strength69. energetic70. it running五、2018年(全國卷II )閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Diets have changed in Chinaand so too has its top crop. Since 2011,thecountry 61(grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly125 percent

18、over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve)

19、water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(E) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total67 (globe) ferti

20、lizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government 68(start) a soil-testing program69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(放)of 51.8 million tons of carb

21、on dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while70 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen oegele.答案：61. has grown 62. the 63. actually 64. to improve 65. than 66. pollution 67. global 68.

22、started 69. that/which 70. feeding 六、2018年(新課標(biāo)III卷)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。I'm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla( 大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face w

23、ith the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of herlungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 21 - cn - jy - com 63(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid

24、 64(look) directly into his eyes sohe doesn't feel 65(challenge).【21 教育】My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a66 (science)who studies animals such as apes andmonkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and

25、 I were worried. 21-cnjy*comWhen the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive.True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his me

26、ssage was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay)and watch. 答案：61. which 62. the 63. loudest 64. looking 65. challenged66. scientist 67. for 68. them69. meant 70. to stay七、2017年(新課標(biāo)I卷)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and

27、less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community (醫(yī)學(xué)界) 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They

28、are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the

29、 amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack( 吃點心、)between meals and will improve the taste of your

30、 food. However, be69 (care) not to go to extremes.Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.64. are removed69. careful65. a70. which答案：61. as62. effects63. to process66. worse67. is68. eating八、2017年（新課標(biāo)II卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In 1863the first

31、underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _61_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62_ word. It took three years to complete and was built using an interestingmethod. This included digging u

32、p the road,63(lay) the track and then building a strongroof over 64top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 65_(use) to pull the carriages and it must havebeen 66_(fair)unpleasant for the passengers , with all the smoke and noise. However, therailway quickly pro

33、ved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67_ every day.Later, engineers 68(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels 隧道),which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 69(introduce)of electric-powered engines and

34、 lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most70(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels andbright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.答案：61. crowds 62. from 63. z&xxk laying 64. the 65. were used66. fairly 67. it 68. mana

35、ged 69. introduction 70. Successful九、2017年(新課標(biāo)III卷)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (re

36、al)Instead, she is earning $6500 a day a62 model in New York.Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain' s newisupemiiodeldoilars in the newyear. Her father Peter44,want her to give up school to mode-time But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65_ (prove) that she has b

37、rains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her_66_(educate).She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studiesAfter school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degrees engineering or archi

38、tecture.Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, scho69 (come) first.I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is0 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my mor

39、e."答案：61. resting 62. a 63. has been told/was told64. who 65. to prove66. education 67. invitations68. in 69. comes 70. certainly十、2016年(新課標(biāo)I)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia' s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. Butfor tourists like me,

40、pandas are its top 61_(attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62_ (arrow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be _6

41、3(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back 64_ my days on aTV show in the mid-1980s,65_ I was the first Western TV reporter_66(permit) to film aspecial unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67_(in

42、troduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On mu recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68_(it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few _69_( day) with his sister so that while

43、 one is being bottle-fed, _70 other is with mum-she never suspects.【答案】61. attraction62. was allowed 63. Officially64. to65. when66. permitted67. Introducing68. Its69. Days 70. The十一、 2016年(全國卷II )閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1 個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In much of Asia, especially the socalled “ ricebowl ” cultures of

44、China, Japan, Korea, 41. Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42. (make) of gold and silver with C

45、hinese characters. Skilled workers alsocombine various hardwoods and metal 43.(create) special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44.(use) twigs(樹枝)to remove it. Over time, 45.the population grew, people began cutting fo

46、od into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46.(gradual) turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47. lived fromroughly 551 to 479 B C., influenced the 48. (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius

47、believed knives would remind people of killings and 49. (be) too violent for use at thetable.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50.their hands.答案：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了筷子的歷史演變以及它在中國等國家飲食文化中的地位。41. and China, Japan, Korea 和 Vietnam 為并列關(guān)系。42. be made

48、主語chopsticks與謂語 make是被動關(guān)系，且前有情態(tài)動詞，故填be made。43. to create用動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作目的狀語。44. using此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。45. as/when句意：隨著時間的推移，當(dāng)人口增長的時候，人們開始把大塊食物切成小 塊，以便更快地煮熟。用 as或when,表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”。46. gradually 修飾謂語 turn into ,需用副詞。故填 gradually。47. who引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句，對先行詞Confucius（孔子）起到補充說明的作用，故填who。48. development前有定冠詞the修飾，應(yīng)該是名詞形式

49、，故填development。49. were此句是并列句，主語是knives,因此be應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，再結(jié)合前半句"Confucius believed knives would remind ” 可知填 be 的過去式 were。50. with句意：在印度，大多數(shù)人還習(xí)慣用手吃飯。介詞 with意為“用，使用”。十二、2016年（全國卷m）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and iden

50、tify （ 識 另1J） those of 61 （great）and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you ' ll feel a real sense of 62 （achieve）. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63_（be） often acceptable.Most of us are more focused _64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in

51、 the day.So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks67 (regular). Give

52、your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you69 ' (b rbeglessilikelywork home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports buwhatever it is, 70 (make) sure it ' s

53、 a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.答案：61. greater 62. achievement 63. is 64. on 65. as66. studies 67. regularly 68. a 69. to bring 70. make十三、2015年(全國卷I)閱讀下面材料，用不多于1個單詞的正確形式填空Yangshuo,ChinaIt was raining lightly when I_61_(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I

54、 didn' t carhours_62_, I' d been at home in Hong Kong, with _63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was cleanand fresh, even with the rain.I ' d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64_are pictured by artists i

55、n so many Chinese _65_(painting). Instead, I'd head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it' s only an hour away_66_ car anoffers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo_67_(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68_(conduct) by the websiteTripAdvisor names Yangs

56、huo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70_(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.答案：【要點綜述】本文是一篇記敘文。文章

57、主要講述了作者到陽朔游玩的經(jīng)歷和感受。61 arrived考查動詞的時態(tài)。天亮之前“我”到了陽朔，當(dāng)時天下著小雨。根據(jù)前后句時態(tài)可知用一般過去時。62 before/earlier 考查副詞的用法。幾個小時前， “我” 在香港的家里。注意不可以用ago。63 its 考查形容詞性物主代詞。幾個小時前， “我”在香港的家里，呼吸著令人窒息的煙霧。后面為名詞，故用its。64 that/which 考查定語從句。漓江被許多藝術(shù)家繪畫。此處考查定語從句，先行詞為LiRiver,在從句中作主語。65 paintings 考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。漓江被畫在如此多的中國繪畫中。painting 為可數(shù)名詞，注

58、意用復(fù)數(shù)形式。66 by 乘汽車只需要1 個小時。by car 乘汽車。67 is 考查動詞的正確形式。此句缺少謂語動詞，根據(jù)句意和后句的時態(tài)，可知此處用一般現(xiàn)在時。陽朔真的很漂亮。68 conducted 考查過去分詞作定語。這里表示一家網(wǎng)站所進行的調(diào)查。過去分詞作后置定語表示被動關(guān)系。69 regularly 考查副詞的用法。該旅游公司定期為人們安排這里適合旅行的地方。這里用副詞修飾動詞。70 living 考查現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。這里指住在上海和香港的人們?，F(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語表示主動關(guān)系。十四、 2015 年（全國卷II ）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1 個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The adobe dwellings ( 土坯房)_41_ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwestare admired by even _42_ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simplebeauty, what ma