高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí)--冠詞ppt課件

1、考點(diǎn)一根本用法考點(diǎn)一根本用法1. 定冠詞的根本用法定冠詞的根本用法 用于特指一定的人、事物或上下文提到的用于特指一定的人、事物或上下文提到的 人、事物。如：人、事物。如： I woke up with a bad headache, yet by the evening the pain had gone. (2) 在表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。如：在表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。如： The moon turns round the earth. Drivers always sit on the left of buses.(3) 在單數(shù)名詞前，表示某一類別或某項(xiàng)發(fā)在單數(shù)名詞前，表示某一類別

2、或某項(xiàng)發(fā) 明。如：明。如：The tiger is a dangerous animal.(4) 在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前及表示江、在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前及表示江、河、湖、海、山川、群島等的名詞前。如：河、湖、海、山川、群島等的名詞前。如： We are said to be living in the Information Age, a time of new discoveries and great changes. (5) 在序數(shù)詞、描畫(huà)詞最高級(jí)前或用于特在序數(shù)詞、描畫(huà)詞最高級(jí)前或用于特 指指“兩者中較兩者中較的一個(gè)。如：的一個(gè)。如： As is known to all,

3、 the Peoples Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world. (6) 在方位名詞前、某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)或表示時(shí)間在方位名詞前、某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)或表示時(shí)間 的詞組中：的詞組中：on the left, in the east / west, on the other hand, in the end, the other day等。等。 (7) 在描畫(huà)詞前表示一類人或事物。如：在描畫(huà)詞前表示一類人或事物。如：the poor / rich / young / dying / good / unknown 等。等

4、。(8) 在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)方式前，表示全家人或夫婦在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)方式前，表示全家人或夫婦 二人。如：二人。如：The Smiths are sitting at the table.(9) 在表示度量單位的名詞前，表示在表示度量單位的名詞前，表示“每一。每一。 如：如： Its said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 a year. Right, he will also get paid by the week.口訣記憶口訣記憶the的用法的用法特指熟習(xí)與復(fù)述，獨(dú)一無(wú)二全用特指熟習(xí)與復(fù)述，獨(dú)一無(wú)二全用the。方位樂(lè)器名詞前，序數(shù)形最樂(lè)位慣。方位樂(lè)器

5、名詞前，序數(shù)形最樂(lè)位慣。復(fù)數(shù)姓氏與專有，習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)最后添。復(fù)數(shù)姓氏與專有，習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)最后添。2. 不定冠詞的根本用法不定冠詞的根本用法(1) 用在可數(shù)名詞前表示用在可數(shù)名詞前表示“一個(gè)，含義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)，含義上相當(dāng)于 “one。如：。如： The development of industry has been a gradual process throughout human existence, from stone tools to modern technology. (2) 與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用，表示某一類人或事物；亦可與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用，表示某一類人或事物；亦可 泛指某一類人或事物中的

6、泛指某一類人或事物中的“任何一個(gè)。如：任何一個(gè)。如： It is generally accepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man. (3) 用在籠統(tǒng)名詞或物質(zhì)名詞前，表示用在籠統(tǒng)名詞或物質(zhì)名詞前，表示“一種，一一種，一 次，一類等意義。如：次，一類等意義。如： He had a strong dislike for cold weather.(4) 用在序數(shù)詞前，表示用在序數(shù)詞前，表示“再一，又一。如：再一，又一。如： He missed the gold in the high jump, but will

7、get a second chance in the long jump. (5) 用在專有名詞前，相當(dāng)于用在專有名詞前，相當(dāng)于“一位，一個(gè)，某位，一位，一個(gè)，某位， 某個(gè)或某個(gè)或“式的人。如：式的人。如： Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso. (6) 用在某些固定詞組中：用在某些固定詞組中：all of a sudden, as a matter of fact, go out for a walk, have a good time, make a difference, make a l

8、iving, have an idea of, have a good knowledge of等。如：等。如： I dont understand what the engineer means, but Ive got a rough idea of the project plan. (7) 用在季節(jié)、月份、星期或節(jié)日的名詞前，表用在季節(jié)、月份、星期或節(jié)日的名詞前，表 示某個(gè)特定的季節(jié)、月份、日子或節(jié)日。如：示某個(gè)特定的季節(jié)、月份、日子或節(jié)日。如： The accident happened on a rainy Sunday towards the end of July.3. 零冠詞

9、的用法不用冠詞的情況零冠詞的用法不用冠詞的情況 (1) 復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指時(shí)，其前不加冠詞。如：復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指時(shí)，其前不加冠詞。如： The Smiths dont usually like staying at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by the sea. (2) 可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名 詞一切格時(shí)，其前不用冠詞。如：詞一切格時(shí)，其前不用冠詞。如： Jacks English book is lying on his d

10、esk.(3) 專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、籠統(tǒng)名詞和表示人名、地名專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、籠統(tǒng)名詞和表示人名、地名 等的名詞前，通常不用冠詞。如：等的名詞前，通常不用冠詞。如： Sarah looked at the finished painting with satisfaction. (4) 表示季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、一日三餐的名詞表示季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、一日三餐的名詞 前，以及表示體育運(yùn)開(kāi)工程、學(xué)科、運(yùn)輸或通訊方前，以及表示體育運(yùn)開(kāi)工程、學(xué)科、運(yùn)輸或通訊方 式等的名詞前，通常不用冠詞。如：式等的名詞前，通常不用冠詞。如： Were going to watch a match on Sun

11、day.(5) 表示職務(wù)、頭銜的名詞作表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等表示職務(wù)、頭銜的名詞作表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等 時(shí)，其前不用冠詞。如：時(shí)，其前不用冠詞。如： Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take place of George. (6) 在某些固定搭配中在某些固定搭配中, 如：如：at dawn, on second thoughts, come to light, come to power, give birth to, out of control, in public, ahead of ti

12、me, in debt, hand in hand, in place of, do harm to等。等。無(wú)冠詞無(wú)冠詞有冠詞有冠詞on office執(zhí)政執(zhí)政in the office在辦公室在辦公室in prison 坐牢坐牢in the/a prison在監(jiān)獄在監(jiān)獄go to church 去做禮拜去做禮拜go to the church 去教堂去教堂go to sea 當(dāng)水手當(dāng)水手go to the sea 去海邊去海邊in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，管理負(fù)責(zé)，管理in the charge of 由由負(fù)責(zé)負(fù)責(zé)out of question 不成問(wèn)題不成問(wèn)題out of the ques

13、tion不可能不可能4. 有無(wú)冠詞意義迥異的短語(yǔ)有無(wú)冠詞意義迥異的短語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)二習(xí)語(yǔ)、固定短語(yǔ)中的冠詞考點(diǎn)二習(xí)語(yǔ)、固定短語(yǔ)中的冠詞1. 不定冠詞用于短語(yǔ)搭配中。不定冠詞用于短語(yǔ)搭配中。(1) “have/takea(n)與動(dòng)詞同形的名詞，與動(dòng)詞同形的名詞， 表示動(dòng)作的一次。表示動(dòng)作的一次。 have/take a rest 休憩一會(huì)兒休憩一會(huì)兒 have/take a look 看一下看一下 have/take a bath 洗個(gè)澡洗個(gè)澡(2) “go out for a(n)名詞，表示從事某項(xiàng)活名詞，表示從事某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。動(dòng)。 go out for a picnic去野餐去野餐(3) 習(xí)慣搭配。習(xí)慣

14、搭配。 as a matter of fact; in a hurry; in a word; a waste of; in a way; come to an end; all of a sudden; have a(n).knowledge of; have a(n).understanding/grasp /feeling off2. 定冠詞用于固定搭配。定冠詞用于固定搭配。 in the morning; on the other hand; on the contrary; on the air; in the end; come to the point; the ABC of.3

15、. 在一些固定短語(yǔ)中，名詞前不用冠詞。在一些固定短語(yǔ)中，名詞前不用冠詞。 at night; at home; day after day; by telephone; in danger; on purpose; out of control; under+n.; be home to1. I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson here in the village. (重慶重慶2021) A. the; a B. a; 不填不填 C. a; the D. the; 不填不填2. They cho

16、se Tom to be _ captain of the team because they knew he was _ smart leader. (江西江西2021) A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a3. _ more learned a man is, _ more modest be usually become. (2021陜西陜西) A. The; the B. A; a C. The; a D. A; the 【解析】句意【解析】句意: 一個(gè)人越有學(xué)問(wèn)，他就越能夠一個(gè)人越有學(xué)問(wèn)，他就越能夠更謙虛。這里用的是：更謙虛。這里用的是：th

17、e +比較級(jí)比較級(jí)+主謂，主謂， the+比較級(jí)比較級(jí)+主謂的句型，表示主謂的句型，表示“越越,就越就越。 4. Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be _ Beethoven. (2021四川四川) A. a B. an C. the D. 不填不填【解析】此題調(diào)查不定冠詞在人名前，表【解析】此題調(diào)查不定冠詞在人名前，表 示：一個(gè)像示：一個(gè)像那樣的人。應(yīng)選擇那樣的人。應(yīng)選擇A，句意，句意 為：為：Brian在創(chuàng)作音樂(lè)上極有人才，他很有在創(chuàng)作音樂(lè)上極有人才，他很有 能夠成為一個(gè)像貝多芬那樣的人才。能夠成為一個(gè)像貝多芬那

18、樣的人才。5. Janes grandmother had wanted to write _ childrens book for many years, but one thing or another always got in _ way. (2021浙江浙江) A. a;不填不填 B. the; the C. 不填不填; the D. a; the【解析】【解析】試題分析：句意：多年來(lái)，簡(jiǎn)的奶奶想寫(xiě)一試題分析：句意：多年來(lái)，簡(jiǎn)的奶奶想寫(xiě)一本有關(guān)于兒童的書(shū)，但總是被這樣或那樣的本有關(guān)于兒童的書(shū)，但總是被這樣或那樣的緣由妨礙了。第一個(gè)空運(yùn)用不定冠詞表泛緣由妨礙了。第一個(gè)空運(yùn)用不定冠詞表泛

19、指，第二個(gè)指，第二個(gè)in the way 是固定搭配，意為擋道是固定搭配，意為擋道或妨礙。定冠詞用于特指或者是固定搭配，或妨礙。定冠詞用于特指或者是固定搭配，不定冠詞用于泛指。不定冠詞用于泛指。6. I just heard _ bank where Dora works was robbed by _ gunman wearing a mask. (2021重慶重慶) A. the; / B. a; / C. the; a D. a; the7. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. 2021新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新

20、課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I 短文改錯(cuò)短文改錯(cuò)8. Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned 16 farm, which looked almost abandoned. 廣東廣東2021語(yǔ)法語(yǔ)法 填空填空9. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. 2021新課標(biāo)全國(guó)新課標(biāo)全國(guó) 卷卷I第三部分第三部分countryside前加前加theathe10. There ar

21、e all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. 2021新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II短文改錯(cuò)短文改錯(cuò)去掉去掉flowers前的前的the 11. . while one is being bottle-fed, 70. _ other is with mum . 2021 新新 課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I12. Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 48. _ while, exercising, or doing something

22、you enjoy. 2021 新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷IIthea. 用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空。用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空。 1. Tunisia achieved independence from French colonial rule after _ long struggle.2. You wouldnt have caught such _ bad cold if you hadnt been caught in _ rain.aathe3. If you go by train, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure yo

23、u get _ fast one.4. You really ought to make _ most of the opportunity, because you wont get _ second chance.5. I know the accident happened on _ Saturday of last month because none of my children went to school. a a a the. 單句改錯(cuò)。單句改錯(cuò)。1. After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. 2. I decided to climb the tree to see where we were.3. Modern people know more about the health, have better food, and live in clearer surroundings.ana4. Maybe you could come during a winter holidays.5. Each player mus