定語從句復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、 引導(dǎo)定語從句的的關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的的關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞 限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句 定語從句和名詞性從句等的區(qū)別定語從句和名詞性從句等的區(qū)別 關(guān)系代詞在介詞后的使用關(guān)系代詞在介詞后的使用關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞附屬文件關(guān)系詞.ppt先行詞先行詞附屬文件先行詞.ppt位置位置附屬文件位置.ppt功能功能附屬文件功能.ppt定語從句定語從句概要概要確定關(guān)系詞的步驟確定關(guān)系詞的步驟 （1）先找先行詞，看先行詞指的是什么。）先找先行詞，看先行詞指的是什么。 （2）看先行詞在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞??？聪刃性~在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧Ｖ赋鱿刃性~（即關(guān)系詞）在定語從句中的成

2、份，并填入適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞： I think a good teacher is _ is easy going and treats his students as friends. Beijing is the _ has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games. His parents wouldnt let him marry _ family was poor. I will never forget the _ I first went to school. Kunming is a beautiful _ flowers are s

3、een all the year round. I dont know the _ many students like Zhou Jielun.that/whothat/whowhichwhosewhenwhenwherewherewhywhysomeone主語主語 city 主語主語anyone定定語語dayon that day狀語狀語city狀語狀語in the cityreasonfor this reason狀語狀語考點(diǎn)一：關(guān)系代詞的使用考點(diǎn)一：關(guān)系代詞的使用 Is there anything I can do for you? Notes:先行詞為不定代詞everything，

4、little，much，all，anything，nothing，或受其修飾時(shí)，要用that . This was one of the most interesting books were sold in this book store. Notes:當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，要用that. 定語從句中，先行詞指物，定語從句中，先行詞指物， that和和which的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別： Thats the only thing we can do now. Notes:先行詞被the only，the very，the last 修飾時(shí)，用that。 They were talkin

5、g about the persons and things they saw in the factory. Notes:先行詞同時(shí)指人和指物時(shí)，用that。 Which is the car was made in Beijing? Notes: 當(dāng)要避免與疑問詞which重復(fù)時(shí)，用that. Football, is an interesting game, is played all over the world. Notes:引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句時(shí)，用時(shí)，用which Language is the most important tool without peop

6、le cant communicate with each other. Notes:直接放在直接放在介詞后做賓語時(shí)介詞后做賓語時(shí)，用，用which小結(jié)：小結(jié)：關(guān)系詞宜用關(guān)系詞宜用that而不用而不用which的情況：的情況：（1）先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)）先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí) 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞 幾種詞修飾或被幾種詞修飾或被 only、any、few、 no、 little、all、one of等修飾時(shí)。等修飾時(shí)。（2）先行詞為）先行詞為all、much、little、none、few、 one、something、anything等不定代詞時(shí)。等不定代詞時(shí)。（3）先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)。）

7、先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)。（4）先行詞在主句中作表語，關(guān)系詞在從句中作）先行詞在主句中作表語，關(guān)系詞在從句中作 表語時(shí)。表語時(shí)。（5）當(dāng)主句中含有疑問詞）當(dāng)主句中含有疑問詞which時(shí)。時(shí)。宜用宜用which而不用而不用that的情況的情況 （1）在非限制性定語從句中）在非限制性定語從句中 （2）在關(guān)系詞前有介詞時(shí)）在關(guān)系詞前有介詞時(shí) （3）當(dāng)先行詞本身是）當(dāng)先行詞本身是that時(shí)時(shí) （4）當(dāng)關(guān)系詞離先行詞較遠(yuǎn)時(shí)）當(dāng)關(guān)系詞離先行詞較遠(yuǎn)時(shí)關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞who與與that指人時(shí)，也有不指人時(shí)，也有不同情況分別用不同的關(guān)系詞同情況分別用不同的關(guān)系詞（1）當(dāng)主句是）當(dāng)主句是there be句型時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用

8、句型時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用who。（2）先行詞是為）先行詞是為anyone、those、someone、 everyone、one等詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用等詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用who。（3）當(dāng)主句是）當(dāng)主句是who作疑問詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用作疑問詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that。 Who is that girl that is standing by the window?（4）whom在從句中只作賓語，可被在從句中只作賓語，可被who取代取代。whose作關(guān)系詞既指人又指物，作關(guān)系詞既指人又指物，在從句中作定語。如：在從句中作定語。如： Do you know Mr.Smith Do you know Mr.Smith whos

9、e whose story is very moving ?story is very moving ? There is a room, There is a room, whosewhose window faces the river.window faces the river. There is a room, There is a room, the window the window of whichof which faces the river. faces the river.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞as在從句中作主語、賓語和表語在從句中作主語、賓語和表語1）先行詞被）先行詞被su

10、ch和和the same修飾，或句型修飾，或句型as many（much）as 中中. Such books as you bought are useful. The school is just the same as it was 10 years ago. 注意：區(qū)別：注意：區(qū)別：such that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。They are such lovely children that we love them .the same that 引導(dǎo)定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句。 I want to use the same tool that you used just

11、now.2）引導(dǎo)無先行詞的定語從句）引導(dǎo)無先行詞的定語從句意義上：意義上：as 含有含有“這點(diǎn)正如這點(diǎn)正如一樣一樣”。位置上：位置上：as 從句可置句首，也可在另處。從句可置句首，也可在另處。He didnt pass the exam, as we had expected. As is known, the earth is round, not flat. 1. I will remember the day_ I left my hometown for ever. 2. I often think of the days _I spent in Shanghai last summe

12、r. 3. This is the place _he works. 4. This is the place _we visited last month. 5. I know the reason _she studies so well. 6. This is the reason _he gave to the teacher for being late this morning. whenthatwherethatwhythat 使用關(guān)系副詞必要的兩個(gè)條件： 先行詞表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因 現(xiàn)行詞在從句中充當(dāng)狀語 先行詞雖然表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因，但在定語從句中不充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語、原因

13、狀語，而做句子的主語或賓語，則使用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when與與where、why、that when 指時(shí)間指時(shí)間 = in / at / on / during which where指地點(diǎn)指地點(diǎn) = in / at / from / which why指原因指原因 = for which 當(dāng)先行詞為當(dāng)先行詞為way、time時(shí)，可用時(shí)，可用that作關(guān)系作關(guān)系副詞。（非正式場合）副詞。（非正式場合） I dont like the way that / in which / he talks. 當(dāng)當(dāng)time作先行詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞可以省掉。作先行詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞可以

14、省掉。 This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.考點(diǎn)三：介詞+關(guān)系代詞 The sun gives us heat and light, we _cant live. Notes:介詞介詞+which:+which:先行詞指先行詞指物物，在定語從，在定語從句中充當(dāng)介詞賓語，介詞提到關(guān)系代詞前。句中充當(dāng)介詞賓語，介詞提到關(guān)系代詞前。 Notes:介詞介詞+whom:+whom:先行詞指先行詞指人人，在定語從句，在定語從句中充當(dāng)介詞賓語，介詞提到關(guān)系代詞中充當(dāng)介詞賓語，介詞提到關(guān)系代詞前。前。 e.g.: The stu

15、dents _Ms Zhang is giving lessons are lovely and active.Without which to whom*關(guān)系代詞前的介詞如何確定關(guān)系代詞前的介詞如何確定 nMr. Smith bought a new house_ which he spent all his money.nNotes: 依據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配。nNotes: 依據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配。n1949 was the year _ the P.R.C. was founded.onIn which*關(guān)系代詞前的介詞如何確定關(guān)系代詞前的介詞如何確定nNotes: 依據(jù)所表達(dá)的意思確定

16、。 ne.g.: The gas _which we can not live is called oxygen.nNotes:非限制性定語從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分，可用“數(shù)詞/代詞+of+ 關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。ne.g.: There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds _whom have been to Beijing.without of注意： Is this the book which/that you are looking for for ? （ ） Is this the book forfor which you are l

17、ooking ? （ ） 遇固定詞組時(shí)，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置。 ( 該句中介詞for一般不提前，因?yàn)閘ook for是固定詞組，意為“尋找”，介詞for若被提前，單個(gè)的look意為“看”，句意不符。)TF1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10?3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could

18、study the skies.6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River.8. The tower people can have a good view is on the hill.9. The man I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.10. He paid the boy $10 for washing

19、ten windows, most hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough whichunder whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況關(guān)系代詞的情況 練習(xí)練習(xí)6.This is the comrade _I once 6.This is the comrade _I once worked in the factory.worked in the factory.7.The pencil _she was writing.7.The pencil _she was writing.8.The big tree _the old are 8.The big tree _the old are playing chess is about 30 years old.playing chess is about 30 years old.9.Would you tell us about the girl 9.Would you tell us about the girl _you were writing a letter?_you were w