八年級外研版下冊英語+模塊語法聚焦四

1、模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四語法點(diǎn)擊語法點(diǎn)擊現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)( (三三) )1 1如果要表達(dá)某一行為或狀態(tài)從過去某時(shí)間一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)如果要表達(dá)某一行為或狀態(tài)從過去某時(shí)間一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，則要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。這時(shí)，句子通常要與表示一段時(shí)間在，則要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。這時(shí)，句子通常要與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用，這類狀語通常由的時(shí)間狀語連用，這類狀語通常由forfor或或sincesince來引導(dǎo)。需要注來引導(dǎo)。需要注意的是，意的是，_后面接一段時(shí)間，而后面接一段時(shí)間，而 _ _ 后面接時(shí)間后面接時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子，即點(diǎn)或過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子，即 _ _ 用來說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)的時(shí)間用來說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)的時(shí)間

2、長度，長度，_用來說明動(dòng)作的起始時(shí)間。例如：用來說明動(dòng)作的起始時(shí)間。例如：I have lived in Hebei for ten years.I have lived in Hebei for ten years.我在河北已經(jīng)住了十年。我在河北已經(jīng)住了十年。forforsincesinceforforsincesinceHe has been in this school since 2000.He has been in this school since 2000.自從自從20002000年起，他就在這所學(xué)校了。年起，他就在這所學(xué)校了。My sister has learnt Engl

3、ish since she was four.My sister has learnt English since she was four.我姐姐從我姐姐從4 4歲起就開始學(xué)英語。歲起就開始學(xué)英語。2 2如果要對現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)句子中的時(shí)間狀語進(jìn)行提問，如果要對現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)句子中的時(shí)間狀語進(jìn)行提問，通常要用通常要用 _ _。例如：。例如：How long have you studied English?How long have you studied English? 你學(xué)英語學(xué)了多長時(shí)間了？你學(xué)英語學(xué)了多長時(shí)間了？For four years. For four years. 四年了。四年

4、了。How long has he taught here?How long has he taught here?他在這兒教書多長時(shí)間了？他在這兒教書多長時(shí)間了？Since five years ago.Since five years ago.自從五年前。自從五年前。how longhow long模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四3 3在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子中，短暫性動(dòng)詞一般不能與時(shí)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子中，短暫性動(dòng)詞一般不能與時(shí)間段連用，但在間段連用，但在 _ _ 中，則一般可以和表示一段時(shí)間中，則一般可以和表示一段時(shí)間的的forfor短語連用。例如：短語連用。例如：I have stayed

5、in the hotel for a week.I have stayed in the hotel for a week.我已經(jīng)在這家賓館待了一周了。我已經(jīng)在這家賓館待了一周了。My parents havent seen me for two years.My parents havent seen me for two years. 我父母有兩年沒見我了。我父母有兩年沒見我了。He hasnt come to school for a week.He hasnt come to school for a week.他一周沒來上學(xué)了。他一周沒來上學(xué)了。 注意注意 短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和表示一段時(shí)

6、間的時(shí)間狀語連用，短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用，但如果要保留表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語，必須將短暫性動(dòng)詞改但如果要保留表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語，必須將短暫性動(dòng)詞改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常見的短暫性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如下：為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常見的短暫性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如下：否定句否定句模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四(1)fall asleepbe asleep (1)fall asleepbe asleep (2)begin/startbe on(2)begin/startbe on(3)buyhave(3)buyhave(4)diebe dead (4)diebe dead (5)comebe

7、 in(5)comebe in(6)arrivebe here(6)arrivebe here(7)joinbe in/be a member of(7)joinbe in/be a member of(8)finish/endbe over(8)finish/endbe over(9)leavebe away(9)leavebe away(10)borrowkeep(10)borrowkeep(11)begin to studystudy(11)begin to studystudy(12)come backbe back (12)come backbe back 模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦

8、四4 4現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)還經(jīng)常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)還經(jīng)常用于“Its the Its the first/secondtime that”first/secondtime that”結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：Its the first time that I have visited here.Its the first time that I have visited here.這是我第一次參觀這里。這是我第一次參觀這里。It will be the third time that you have seen the It will be the third time that you have

9、seen the film with me.film with me.這將是你第三次和我一起看電影。這將是你第三次和我一起看電影。模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練.單項(xiàng)填空單項(xiàng)填空( ()1.Look at these stamps. I _ them for )1.Look at these stamps. I _ them for five years.five years.Wow, they are wonderful.Wow, they are wonderful.A Akept Bkept Bhave kept have kept C Chave bought Dhave

10、 bought Dboughtbought 答案答案 B B模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四( ()2.)2.20152015昆明昆明 Long time no see! Long time no see! Oh! It_ five years since we met last time.Oh! It_ five years since we met last time.A Awas Bwas BwerewereC Chas been Dhas been Dhave beenhave been 解析解析 C C考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：“很長時(shí)間沒見了！很長時(shí)間沒見了！”“”“

11、自從上次我們見面五年了。自從上次我們見面五年了?！眘ince”since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞，前面主語是志詞，前面主語是itit，故用，故用has beenhas been，選，選C C。模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四( ()3.Our foreign teacher Mr Green_ us )3.Our foreign teacher Mr Green_ us English since three years ago.English since three years ago.A Ahas taught Bhas taught Bis teaching is teachin

12、g C Ctaught Dtaught Dteachesteaches 答案答案 A A模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四( ()4.Weve lived here _ 1980.)4.Weve lived here _ 1980.So youve lived here _ more than 30 So youve lived here _ more than 30 years.years.A Asince; for Bsince; for Bfor; sincefor; sinceC Cfor; for Dfor; for Din; sincein; since 解析解析 A A19801980

13、是一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，所以用是一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，所以用since; more than since; more than 30 years30 years是一個(gè)時(shí)間段，要用是一個(gè)時(shí)間段，要用forfor。故選。故選A A。模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四( ()5.)5.20142014安徽安徽 Rick has learned a lotabout Rick has learned a lotabout Chinese culture _ he came to China.Chinese culture _ he came to China.A Abefore Bbefore BwhenwhenC Cunti

14、l Duntil Dsincesince 解析解析DD考查連詞的用法。句意：考查連詞的用法。句意：RickRick已經(jīng)學(xué)了許多已經(jīng)學(xué)了許多中國文化中國文化 _他來到中國。他來到中國。beforebefore意為意為“在在之前之前”；whenwhen意為意為“當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候的時(shí)候”；untiluntil意為意為“直到直到”；sincesince意為意為“自從自從”。sincesince引導(dǎo)過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，其主引導(dǎo)過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，其主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選D D。模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四( ()6._ have you learned Chinese?)6._

15、 have you learned Chinese?For 3 years.For 3 years.A AHow often BHow often BHow muchHow muchC CHow long DHow long DHow soonHow soon 解析解析 C C由答語由答語“For 3 years.”For 3 years.”可知，上句是問可知，上句是問“多長時(shí)多長時(shí)間間”，故選，故選C C。模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四( ()7.Mr Green _ from his home town for 3 )7.Mr Green _ from his home town for 3

16、 years.years.A Ahas been away Bhas been away Bhas gonehas goneC Chas left Dhas left Dhas comehas come 解析解析 A A句中句中“for 3 years”for 3 years”是一個(gè)時(shí)間段，因此要是一個(gè)時(shí)間段，因此要與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，故選與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，故選A A。模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四( ()8.2015)8.2015烏魯木齊烏魯木齊Mr Brown_his home town Mr Brown_his home town since he_the army.since he_the

17、 army.A Ahas left; joined has left; joined B Bhas been away from; has joinedhas been away from; has joinedC Chas been away from; joined has been away from; joined D Dleft; joinedleft; joined 解析解析 C C考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)以及延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)以及延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的辨析。動(dòng)詞的辨析。sincesince引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)，主

18、句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。過去時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。leaveleave是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能和一段時(shí)間連用。是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能和一段時(shí)間連用。be away frombe away from是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可以和一段時(shí)間連用。所以選擇答案是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可以和一段時(shí)間連用。所以選擇答案C C。模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四( ()9.He _ for ten years.)9.He _ for ten years.A Ahas been married Bhas been married BmarriedmarriedC Cgot married Dgot m

19、arried Dhas marriedhas married( ()10.How long has Robert _)10.How long has Robert _？Since 2004.Since 2004.A Abeen to Beijing Bbeen to Beijing Bbecome a policemanbecome a policemanC Cjoined the art club Djoined the art club Dstudied in this schoolstudied in this school 答案答案 9.A 10.D 9.A 10.D模塊語法聚焦四模塊

20、語法聚焦四.用用forfor和和sincesince填空填空1 1She has worked here _ 2014. She has worked here _ 2014. 2 2We have known each other _ six years. We have known each other _ six years. 3 3He has learnt about 1He has learnt about 1，000 English words 000 English words _ he went to college. _ he went to college. 4 4I h

21、ave known him _ two years ago. I have known him _ two years ago. 5 5She has been away _ about four years. She has been away _ about four years. sincesinceforforsincesincesincesinceforfor模塊語法聚焦四模塊語法聚焦四6 6He has been a league member _ two He has been a league member _ two years.years.7 7I have studied English _ 2009.I have studied English _ 2009.8 8Mr Brown has been in Shanghai _ about Mr Brown has been in Shanghai _ about two weeks.two weeks.9 9Its three years _ the old man died.Its three years _ the old man died.1010The film has been on _ about ten The film has been on _ a