文體學(xué)卡明斯作品分析英文

1、havefoundwhatyouareike簡(jiǎn)要文體賞析摘要：卡明斯作為美國(guó)現(xiàn)代實(shí)驗(yàn)派詩(shī)人代表之一，其詩(shī)歌以其獨(dú)特風(fēng)格而聞名。他一直致力于使自己的詩(shī)歌與眾不同，于是他打破詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作的傳統(tǒng)，在詩(shī)歌的換行及單詞的拼寫上勇于創(chuàng)新，使他的詩(shī)歌風(fēng)格別具一格。其實(shí)，很大程度上，卡明斯的獨(dú)特風(fēng)格是通過文體學(xué)方面的變異來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。因此，本文從文體學(xué)角度出發(fā)，對(duì)卡明斯的這首詩(shī)歌進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要分析。關(guān)鍵詞：卡明斯，文體分析，主題，變異ABriefStylisticAnalysisofihavefoundwhatyouarelikeAbstract：E.E.Cummingsisoneoftherepresentativeso

2、fAmericanmodernexperimentalpoetswhosepoemsarewell-knownfortheuniquestyle.Cummingsendeavorstomakehispoemsdifferentfromotherpoets.Hebrokethetraditionalwayofwritingpoems,inventedinthechangingoflinesofthepoemandthespellingofthewordsinthepoem,thustomakehispersonalpoemsstyledistinguished.Tomuchextent,Cumm

3、ingssuniquestyleisachievedbystylisticdeviation.Therefore,standingonthestylisticpointofview,thispapermakesabriefanalysisonCummings?stypicalpoemsihavefoundwhatyouarelike.Keywords：E.E.Cummings,Stylisticanalysis,theme,deviationI.IntroductionE.E.CummingswasafamousAmericanpoetof28century.Hehadatendencyfor

4、artsandliteratureathisearlyage.WhileinHarvard,hebecameextremelyfondofartsmovementandbegantoresearchwithfreeverseandtoacquirethepaintinsgkill.Hewrotepoemstocelebratenature,naturalpoweraswellaslove.Itishisinnovativeversethatmakeshimamongthemostwell-knownandwidelyanthologizedpoetsof20thcentury.Hispoeti

5、cstyleisfamousforitsunusualandplayfultechniques:anextraordinaryusageofpunctuation,compressedwords,dislocatedsyntax,anduniquetypography,linedivision,andcapitalizationinordertoseizetheparticularsofasinglemovementormomentintime.Thepoemwewillanalyzeinthispaper-ihavefoundwhatyouarelike-isoneofthetypicalw

6、orksofCummingss.Asalyricalpoem,itisrelatedtothesimplethingsindailylife,namely,flower,rain,wind,andlight.Althoughitseemstobesimple,thereisaprofoundthemeinthepoem.Itreflectstheendlessnessofoneslifeandthepreciousnessoflovethroughthesimplelanguage.n.LinguisticpresentationofthethemeTheartisticqualityofpo

7、etrycountsonthelanguageselectionofthewriter.Cummingswasveryskillfulindealingwithlanguage.Tomuchextent,Cummingssuniquestyleisachievedbydeviation.1.lexicalfeaturesInthepoem,Cummingsmainlyusedthelexicaldeviationtopresentthetheme.Lexicaldeviationreferstoneologismorthecoinageofnewwords,whichthewriterinve

8、ntsbybreakingrulesofword-formationandextendstherulesaswell.Inhispoems,nonce-formationwordsarenumerous.Noncewordreferstoawordinventedtobeusedforasinglespecificoccasion;oranoldwordofwhichonlyoneoccurrencehasbeenfound.InthepoemStanza2,theword“newfragiieatypicalexampleofcoinageornonce-formation.Lexicald

9、eviationalsocomprisesmanyotherkinds,suchasthereductionofcapitallettersintosmallones,orviceversa.WhenCummingsismentioned,peoplefirstthinkofhislowercasethatshouldbecapitalizedinEnglish.Hisownname,E.E.Cummings,waswritteninlowercasease.e.cummings,too.Cummingsdoesnotuseitinparticularwayononlyoneortwoocca

10、sion.Heoftendecapitalisessomepropernamesasaconsistentwayofwriting,thereforelowercasehasbecomehismoststrikingpoeticfeature.Hishandlingofcapitalandlowercaseisthemostobvious,andisaestheticinhelpingtoproduceordelaypauses,andfigurativeinprovidingvisualequivalentsofthethingspokenof.Inthefirstplace,herarel

11、ybeginseverylinewithacapital.AnotherexampleisthefirstpersonpronounI”whichisalwayswrittenas,i?toindicatethat,I?,asanordinaryman,hasnothingspecialincomparisonwithothers.2.SyntacticFeaturesForsyntacticfeatures,thedistinctivecharacteristicofCummings?spoetryistheuniqueemploymentofpunctuation.Inhispoems,p

12、unctuationmarksareoftenremovedwiththepurposetoachievesomeemotionalandartisticeffects.Sometimes,itcanbeusedtosuggestsomethinguncompletedortobecontinued.Cummingssometimesemploysasingleparenthesistoinfersomething.Takethefirstfunctionofparenthesesinthepoemforanexample.Thelastlineseemspeculiarbecausether

13、eisaconcludingbutunclosedparenthesisatitsbeginning,andnomarkslikeperiodorellipsistoendthepoem.Furthermore,theomittedparenthesissuggests“thewholemysteriousfreshlyfeltexperienceofsilence,hasbecomearelationshipbetweentheclear-eyed,awed,butuncowedobserverandtheimponderable,relentlessnatureofthings”;andt

14、hisrelationshipwillgoon.3.GraphologicalFeaturesForgraphologicalfeatures,Cummingsalsousesgraphologicaldeviationinhispoemstohighlightmeanings.Heattachesimportancetovisualimagesandfondofpursuingastrangetypography.Hispoemsareworthyofthetitle“visualpoetry”whichadoptsthevisualimagestohelpexpressthemeaning

15、betweenlinesbymeansofanoriginalway.Thepoemisapatternpoem.Thepoetmakesuseofdifferentlongandshortverselinestoshowtheintricatecharacteristicofthegirl:thegirl?sheartisveryunfathomable,whichgoesbeyondwhattheeyecanseebutthespeakerstillbelieveshecanseebeyondwhatanyoneelseseeinthegirl.Thesmartdesignmakesthe

16、contentmorevividandalsogivesgoodimpressiononreaders.Cummingsdiscardingofthelinguisticnormsmakeshisversesophisticatedtounderstand.Hisdaringexperimentsinthearrangementofpoetrynotonlybroadenthesenseofpoetrybutalsoincreateitsvisualeffect,givingreadersalotimagination.m.ConclusionWecanseethatCummingsresea

17、rchedintopoeticformsandlanguagewithhisownartgene.Hedelvedthepotentialpossibilitiesofthelettersandtheconnotationsofwordstocreateapicture-likepoem.LaterHecreatedastyleofhisownwhichhasmadehimasoneoftheimportantfiguresinAmericanpoets.Bythestylisticanalysis,wecanseethatCummingsadoptsvariousmethodstoachie

18、vetheaestheticeffect.Atlast,theauthorhopesthattheaboveanalysiscanserveasameansforEnglishlearnerstobetterunderstandandappreciatetheartisticachievementsofCummings.References:1Fairley,IreneR.,Cummings?LoveLyrics:SomeNotesbyaFemaleLinguist,JournalofModernLiterature,7:2(1979:Apr.)p.205-2182JoannaThornborrow&ShanWareing,PatternsinLanguage:StylisticsforStudentsofLanguageandLiterature.Beijing:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress&Routledge,2004.3JohnArthos,ThePoetryofE.E.Cummings,AmericanLiterature,Vol.14,No.4.(Jan.,1943),pp.372-3904Kennedy,RichardS.,E.E.Cummings:TheEmergentStyles,19