九第二單元賓語(yǔ)從句2

1、語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)-賓語(yǔ)從句一、賓語(yǔ)從句的概念一、賓語(yǔ)從句的概念 賓語(yǔ)從句即用一個(gè)句子作主句的賓語(yǔ)，而不賓語(yǔ)從句即用一個(gè)句子作主句的賓語(yǔ)，而不再是一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。再是一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。I like my teacher.（名詞作賓語(yǔ)（名詞作賓語(yǔ))I know him .（代詞作賓語(yǔ)）（代詞作賓語(yǔ)）I enjoy playing basketball.(動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)）動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)）I decide to study hard.（不定式作賓語(yǔ)）（不定式作賓語(yǔ)）I know Mr. Li teaches English. (句子作賓語(yǔ)）句子作賓語(yǔ)）She asked if the answer was

2、right. (句子作賓語(yǔ)）句子作賓語(yǔ)）（一）連接詞1. that 連接連接_2. whether/if 連接連接_3. 代詞代詞 who whom whose what which4. 副詞副詞 when why where how3、4連接連接_一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句一般陳述句一般陳述句特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句注：that 在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略1. I hear (that) _.(一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來(lái)）一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來(lái)）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我們）他非常想念我們）3. The teacher told us (that) _.

3、（地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)）地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun注意：注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時(shí)候，無(wú)論主句什么當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時(shí)候，無(wú)論主句什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)由從屬連詞由從屬連詞whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句I want to know _ _.2. Ask him _. 3. I wonder _.4. Could you tell me_? if /whether he will go to th

4、e park with us whether /if he can come whether it is going to rain or notif/ whether “是否是否”，常用在，常用在ask, wonder, find out can (could) tell me, dont know, dont care等后。等后。 whether/if Mr. Li lives here只能用只能用whether不能用不能用if的情況的情況1.在在_后面：后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We are worried about

5、whether it will rain tomorrow.2.在在_前：前：They asked me whether to go skating.介詞介詞動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式3.當(dāng)與當(dāng)與_連用，連用， Mary asked whether or not I would attend the speech contest. Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.4. _時(shí)：時(shí)： Whether this is true or not, I cant say.5. 當(dāng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生歧義時(shí)：當(dāng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生歧義時(shí)： Please le

6、t me know if you like the book. Please let me know whether you like the book.or not提出兩種選擇提出兩種選擇 賓語(yǔ)從句提前賓語(yǔ)從句提前或或 _時(shí)時(shí):由連接代詞由連接代詞what, whom, whose, which, what及連接及連接副詞副詞 when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句when well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is latewho could answe

7、r the question1. He asked _. (誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題）2. Do you know_. （他們?cè)诘日l(shuí)他們?cè)诘日l(shuí)）3. Please tell me _. （我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)會(huì)我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)會(huì)）4. Can you tell me _. （他在哪兒他在哪兒）5. Could you tell me _. （我該怎么去車站我該怎么去車站）6. Would you tell me _（為什么火車遲到了為什么火車遲到了） whom they are waiting for選擇正確的連接詞選擇正確的連接詞1. Can you tell me_ you were bo

8、rn, Betty? A. whoB. whatC. whenD. that2. I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A. what B. if C. when D. where3. I hardly understand _ he has told me.A. thatB. what C. which D. who4. She didnt know_ back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will beD. would he whether be5. I dont know

9、 _ he still lives here after so many years. A. whetherB where C. what D. when6. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday?A. what B when C why D how7. He asked me _told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose8. Peter asked _ dictionary this was. A. whoseB. whos C. which D. that9. I told him _ wa

10、s my book.A. whom B. which C. whoD. whose10. Mum asked me _ I would go shopping with. A. which B. thatC. where D. whom（二）語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序 即：陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)（主即：陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)（主+謂謂+其他成分）其他成分）將下列句子換成陳述句語(yǔ)序 1.Is there a bank near here?2.Are they doing homework? （二）語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序 即：主句即：主句+連接詞連接詞+從句（從句（主主+謂謂+其他成分其他成分）He asked me when I wa

11、s going to the book store. 當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what, who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變：作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變： Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What (has) happened? Which is the way to? Whos over there? Can you tell me who is over there? Do you know who will give us a speech this afternoon? I want to know what c

12、an be done about it.陳述句語(yǔ)序陳述句語(yǔ)序1.They dont know _. A what are their parents B what their parents are C who was their parents D that their parent are who2. Please tell me _ last year.A. where does your sister work B. where did your sister work C. where your sister works D. where your sister worked3. S

13、he asked me if I knew _.A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it4. You must remember _. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said5. Did you know _? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking

14、for C. who he is looking for D. who is he looking after6. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave for Beijing B. when would they leave for Beijing C. when they will leave for Beijing D. when did they leave for Beijing（二）語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序 即：主句即：主句+連接詞連接詞+從句（從句（主主+謂謂+其他成分其他成分）He asked me when I was going

15、to the book store. 當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what, who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變：作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變： Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What (has) happened? Which is the way to? Whos over there? Can you tell me who is over there? Do you know who will give us a speech this afternoon? I want to know what can be do

16、ne about it.（三）時(shí)態(tài)(時(shí)態(tài)一致性） 主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài)（按需要）。主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài)（按需要）。I know he is a teacher.I know he was a teacher three years ago.I know he has been a teacher for 3 yearsI know he will be a teacher after graduation. 主句用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句可用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。主句用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句可用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。 但從句說(shuō)明的是一般真理、客觀事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時(shí)，但從句說(shuō)明的是一般真理、客觀事

17、實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時(shí)，仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。I knew he was a teacher.I knew he had been a teacher for 3 years.I knew he would be a teacher after graduation. He told me the earth moves around the sun. 時(shí)態(tài)一致練習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)一致練習(xí)1. The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. can take B. take C. takes D. would take2. Cathe

18、rine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3. The students want to know whether they_ a dictation today. A. would have B. has C. will have D. are4. She asked Linda if_ go and get some chalk. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she ma

19、y5. Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. traveled B. has traveled C. travels D. had traveled轉(zhuǎn)述中的人稱代詞、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)述中的人稱代詞、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等轉(zhuǎn)換 - -根據(jù)說(shuō)話時(shí)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變根據(jù)說(shuō)話時(shí)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變 Im tired, she said.She said that _ was tired. You play very well, he told me.He told me that _ played very well.You must hand in your p

20、aper tomorrow, the teacher told us.The teacher told us that _ must hand in _ paper _.Mr. Carter asked him, Are your books here?Mr. Carter asked him if _ books were_.sheIweourhistherethe next day She said to me, Open the door, please. Dont open the door, please, I said to Tom. 賓語(yǔ)從句改寫中的特殊情形賓語(yǔ)從句改寫中的特殊情

21、形 I asked Tom _ _ _the door . She told me _ _the door.原句是祈使句，不能用賓語(yǔ)從句改寫，而應(yīng)該用 “ ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. ” 的句式。to open not to open 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句與與簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換的轉(zhuǎn)換 I dont know how I can answer the question. He hoped to be a basketball player.I dont know _ _ _the question.He hoped _ _ _ _ a basketball playe

22、r.how to answer (that) he could be It isnt going to rain. (I think) 賓語(yǔ)從句的否定形式賓語(yǔ)從句的否定形式 I dont think it is going to rain. 一般而言，賓語(yǔ)從句的否定式與一般句子的否定式一樣。一般而言，賓語(yǔ)從句的否定式與一般句子的否定式一樣。但若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是但若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 think 、 believe 、 guess 、 suppose 等表示等表示“認(rèn)為，猜想認(rèn)為，猜想”等詞時(shí)，一般要把賓等詞時(shí)，一般要把賓語(yǔ)從句中的否定式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。語(yǔ)從句中的否定式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。(He thinks

23、)He doesnt think it is going to rain.賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)掌握的要點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)掌握的要點(diǎn) 1賓語(yǔ)從句中必須用陳述句的語(yǔ)序陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其它成分，句末用句號(hào)；但主句為疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。 2要注意主句時(shí)態(tài)和從句時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)。 l 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用任何需要的時(shí)態(tài)。 l 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)范圍內(nèi)的某一種時(shí)態(tài)。 （排除下一條）l 從句表示普遍真理時(shí)，即使主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 3. 在think, believe等動(dòng)詞引起的賓語(yǔ)從句中，如果否定

24、的是后面的從句，一般要將主句動(dòng)詞改為否定形式，而從句仍然用肯定式。 (否定前置否定前置)1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light(光光) goes faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know. Jack di

25、dnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4. Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French.that were that goesthat would beif they can speak5. Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games. 6. Whats his name? I asked him. I asked him what _ _ _. 7

26、. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?if are playinghis name was how many people you can see 8. Where did she put her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car?9. What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered _ _ often _

27、about.10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know. I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly.11. Does he still live in that street? I dont know. I dont know _ he still _ in that street. where she putwhat he talkedwho knockedif lives12. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me _

28、 _ _ _.13. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _ they _ fried chicken. 14. Why didnt you come with us to the party？ Sue asked Steven. Sue asked Steven _ _ _ _ to the party with them.when the train arrivesif wantedwhy he hadnt gone將下列句子合并為一句將下列句子合并為一句1. Where do they stop

29、 on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to go skiing? He asked. 4. He is doing his homework. He said. 5. He will come back. Tom said. I asked where they stopped on the way. Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting?He asked if they liked

30、to go skiing. He said that he was doing his homework. Tom said that he would come back. 6. Is she doing her homework? Jim asked. 7. When will he come back? Tom asked. 8.How can I get to the station? Could you tell me?9.Why is the train late? Would you tell me?10. Where is Tom? They asked. Tom asked

31、when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was. Jim asked if she was doing her homework. 1. What did Mike say? He said _. A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring2. Let me tell you _. A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I s