2020年全國統(tǒng)一高考英語試卷（新課標(biāo)Ⅰ）（含解析）

1、2020年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(全國卷I)英語注意事項:1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。版本一(河南、山西)第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的

2、A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1.Where are the speakers?A. At a swimming pool.B. In a clothing shop.C. At a school lab.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。2.What will Tom do next?A. Turn down the music.B. Postpone the show.C. St

3、op practicing.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。3.What is the woman busy doing?A. Working on a paper.B. Tidying up the office.C. Organizing a party.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。4.When will Henry start his vacation?A. This weekend.B. Next week.C. At the end of August.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。5.What does Donna offer

4、to do for Bill?A. Book a flight for him.B. Drive him to the airport.C. Help him park the car.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6. Why does Pete call Lucy?A. To

5、say that hell be late.B. To tell her about his work.C. To invite her to dinner.7. When is Pete going to see Lucy?A. At 6:00 pm.B. At 6:45 pm.C. At 8:00 pm.【答案】6. A 7. B【解析】【原文】本題聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8. Why does Cathy want to quit her job？A. Shell join another firm.B. Shell run her own business.C

6、. Shes fed up with it.9. What is Marks attitude towards Cathys decision?A. Forgiving.B. Sympathetic.C. Supportive.10. What might Cathy do for the present company?A. Apply for a project.B. Train a new person.C. Recommend an engineer.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11. How did t

7、he man feel about his performance today?A. Greatly encouraged.B. A bit dissatisfied.C. Terribly disappointed.12. What did the man say helped him overcome the problem?A. Patience.B. Luck.C. Determination.13. What is the woman doing?A. Conducting an interview.B. Holding a press conference.C. Hosting a

8、 ceremony.【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14. What is next to the apartment building？A. A restaurant.B. A laundry.C. A grocery store.15. Which is included in the rent？A. Electricity.B. The Internet.C. Satellite TV.16. What does the woman think of the apartment？A. Its quite l

9、arge.B. Its well furnished.C. Its worth the money.【答案】14. C 15. A 16. C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17. Where is Jeff from？A. Liverpool.B. Coventry.C. Newcastle.18. Where do young men go to watch big games according to Jeff？A. Pubs.B. Stadiums.C. Friends homes.19. Why does Jeff have to pick a t

10、eam to support？A. To avoid being bothered.B. To open a conversation.C. To earn respect from others.20. What does Jeff mainly talk about？A. Englands moment of success.B. English flag as a symbol of hope.C Englands all-time favourite sport.【答案】17. B 18. A 19. A 20. C【解析】【原文】本題聽力題，解析略。版本二(湖北，河北，江西，安徽，福

11、建，湖南)第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a supermark

12、et.B. In the post office.C. In the street.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力，解析略。2.What did Carl do?A. He designed a medal.B. He fixed a TV set.C. He took a test.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。3.What does the man do?A. Hes a tailor.B. Hes a waiter.C. Hes a shop assistant.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力，解析略。4.When will the flight arriv

13、e?A. At 18:20.B. At 18:35.C. At 18:50.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力，解析略。5.How can the man improve his article?A. By deleting unnecessary words.B. By adding a couple of points.C. By correcting grammar mistakes.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對

14、話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6. What does Bill often do on Friday night?A. Visit his parents.B. Go to the movies.C. Walk along Broadway.7. Who watches musical plays most often?A. Bill.B. Aarah.C. Bills parents.【答案】6. B 7. B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小

15、題。8. Why does David want to speak to Mike?A. To invite him to a party.B. To discuss a schedule.C. To call off a meeting.9. What do we know about the speakers?A. They are colleagues.B. They are close friends.C. Theyve never met before.【答案】8. C 9. C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10. What kind of

16、camera does the man want?A. A TV camera.B. A video camera.C. A movie camera.11. Which function is the man most interested in?A. Underwater filming.B. A large memory.C. Auto-focus.12. How much would the man pay for the second camera?A. 950 euros.B. 650 euros.C. 470 euros.【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C【解析】【原文】

17、本題聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13. Who is Clifford?A. A little girl.B The mans pet.C. A fictional character.14. Who suggested that Norman paint for childrens books?A. His wife.B. Elizabeth.C. A publisher.15. What is Normans story based on?A. A book.B. A painting.C. A young woman.16. What is it that shoc

18、ked Norman?A. His unexpected success.B. His efforts made in vain.C. His editors disagreement.【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17. Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker?A. Relatives.B. Strangers.C. Visitors.18. Why do people have small talk?A. To expre

19、ss opinions.B. To avoid arguments.C. To show friendliness.19. Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk?A. Politics.B. Movies.C. Salaries.20. What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture?A. Asking open-ended questions.B. Feeling free to change topics.C. Making small talk

20、interesting.【答案】17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力，解析略。第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATrain InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your loca

21、l station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost property(失物招領(lǐng))Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queenslan

22、d Rail services.The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.Public holidaysOn public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special addition

23、al services may operate.Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.Customers using mobility devicesMany stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.For assi

24、stance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Guardian trains (outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsity Lakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsity Lakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitude ValleyVarsity Lakes9:52pm11:02pmRoma StreetVarsity Lakes12:22am21. What would you do get ticker information?A. Call 13 16

25、17.B. Visit translink .com.au.C. Ask at the local station.D. Check the train schedule.22. At which station can you find the lost property office?A. Altandi.B. Roma Street.C. Varsity Lakes.D. Fortitude Valley.23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A. 6:42 pm.B. 7:29 pm

26、.C. 8:57 pm.D. 11:02 pm.【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些火車信息，包括失物招領(lǐng)、公共假期安排以及列車出發(fā)時間等信息。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查詢車票信息，請向您當(dāng)?shù)氐能囌驹儐柣驌艽?31230。由此可知，你可以詢問當(dāng)?shù)剀囌净驌艽?31230來獲得車票信息。故選C?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Lost property部分中The lost property o

27、ffice is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招領(lǐng)處周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00營業(yè)，位于羅馬街車站。由此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招領(lǐng)辦公室。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Guardian trans部分中信息，可知從起始地Central出發(fā)，開往目的地Varsity Lakes的火車是下午7:29開車。由此可知，如果你要從Central去往Varsity Lakes，你應(yīng)當(dāng)乘坐下午7:29的火車。故選B。BReturning

28、 to a book youve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. Theres a welcome familiarity - but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books dont change, people do. And thats what makes the act of rereading so rich and transforma

29、tive.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. Its true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, its all about the present. Its about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give

30、and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.There are three books I reread annually The first, which I take to reading every spring is Emest Hemningways A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，a

31、n aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillards Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (隨筆) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazars Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.While I tend to buy a lot of books, t

32、hese three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember

33、, its you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.24. Why does the author like rereading?A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.B. Its a window to a whole new world.C. Its a substitute for drinking with a friend.D. It extends the understanding of onese

34、lf.25. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas!?A. Its a brief account of a trip.B. Its about Hemingways life as a young man.C. Its a record of a historic event.D. Its about Hemingways friends in Paris.26. What does the underlined word currency in paragraph 4 refer to?A. DebtB. Reward.C. Allo

35、wance.D. Face value.27. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He loves poetry.B. Hes an editor.C. Hes very ambitious.D. He teaches reading.【答案】24. D 25. B 26. B 27. A【解析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了重新閱讀的意義和益處并向讀者介紹了作者每年重讀的三本書。作者鼓勵讀者去重新閱讀書籍。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“But books dont change, people do. And

36、thats what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.(但是書沒變，人變了。那就是使重新閱讀行為如此豐富和富于變化之處)”和第二段“The beauty of rereading lies in that our bond with the work is based on our present register. It is true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings.(重新閱讀的美妙之處在于我們與作品的聯(lián)系是基于我們現(xiàn)在的心理狀態(tài)。真的，我年紀越大，

37、就越覺得時光飛逝。)”可推知，作者喜歡重新閱讀是因為重新閱讀可以擴展對自己的理解。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Published in 1964, its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.”及“an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time”可知，這本書出版于1964年，這是他關(guān)于20世紀20年代在巴黎的經(jīng)典回憶錄，是他老年時對那些野心勃勃卻更簡單的日子的回顧。由此可判斷出A Movable Feast是關(guān)于海明威年輕時的生活。故選B項?！?6題詳解】詞義猜測

38、題。根據(jù)最后一段中“while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,(雖然金錢確實是美妙而必要的)”可知，前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，根據(jù)上下文的語境可推知，“rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.”意為“但是但重新閱讀作品是讀者能支付給他們的最高回報”，由此判斷出劃線詞的意思是“回報”。故選B項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The third book is Julio Cortzars Save Twilight: selected po

39、ems, because poetry.(第三本書是胡里奧科塔扎的拯救暮光之城: 詩歌精選，因為詩歌)”可知，作者是由于喜歡詩歌而喜歡這本書。故選A項。CRace walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and f

40、ield event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接觸) with the ground at all times. Its this strange f

41、orm that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of si

42、x miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norbe

43、rg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as

44、 runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sports strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a co

45、ach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?A. They must run long distances.B. They are qualified for the marathon.C. They have to follow special rules.D. They are good at swinging their legs.29. What advantage do

46、es race walking have over running?A. Its more popular at the Olympics.B. Its less challenging physically.C. Its more effective in body building.D. Its less likely to cause knee injuries.30. What is Dr. Norbergs suggestion for someone trying race walking?A. Getting experts opinions.B. Having a medica

47、l checkup.C. Hiring an experienced coach.D. Doing regular exercises.31. Which word best describes the authors attitude to race walking?A. Skeptical.B. Objective.C. Tolerant.D. Conservative.【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B【解析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了競走相比跑步有諸多的優(yōu)勢，但是之前受過傷的人，要想從事這樣運動要謹慎，最好咨詢專家的建議。【28題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“But

48、 the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.”可知，但這項運動的規(guī)則要求競走者的膝蓋在擺動腿的大部分時間保持伸直，一只腳始終與地面接觸。由此可知，競走運動員是需要具備某些條件的運動員是因為運動員需要遵守特殊的規(guī)則。故選C項?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“As a result, she says, some of the

49、 injuries associated with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers.”可知，一些與跑步有關(guān)的損傷，比如跑步者的膝蓋，在競走者中并不常見。由此可知，競走與跑步相比的優(yōu)勢是不太可能導(dǎo)致膝蓋受傷。故選D項。【30題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Dr. Norberg說的話“In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn

50、 proper technique(事實上，任何想嘗試競走的人都應(yīng)該首先咨詢教練或有經(jīng)驗的競走運動員，學(xué)習(xí)適當(dāng)?shù)募记伞?”可知，Dr. Norberg建議想嘗試競走的人征詢專家的建議。故選A項。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.”可知，研究表明，競走和跑步一樣有很多健身益處

51、，而且它還很少導(dǎo)致受傷。不過，它也有自己的問題。由此判斷出作者對于競走的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選B項。DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.

52、In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual f

53、unctions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,explained Michael Strano

54、, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(發(fā)光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is j

55、ust a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime.

56、 The engineers are also trying to develop an on and offswitchwhere the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(電源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(傳輸).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from var