2022年北京市西城高三英語二模試卷

1、2022北京西城高三二模英 語2022.5本試卷共 15 頁，共100 分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90 分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30 分）第一節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 15 分） 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 I woke up one morning with six hungry kids and just 75 cents in my pocket. Their father was gone. He had ne

2、ver been much more than a presence they 1 . Now that he had decided to leave, there would be no more beatings, 2 no food either.I washed the kids and then 3 them into my old 51 Chevy and drove off to find a job.I tried to 4 whoever would listen that I was willing to learn anything. I had to have a j

3、ob. The last place we went to was the Big Wheel truck stop. They needed someone from 11 pm to 7 am. They paid $0.65 an hour and I could start immediately.I called the babysitter and 5 with her. We came to an agreement$1 a night. So every morning I gave her $1 of my tip money 6 half of what I average

4、d every night!As weeks went by, the tires on my Chevy began to leak. One miserable morning, I 7 myself to the car and found four tires in the back seat. New tires! Had angels (天使) taken up residence in Indiana? I 8 .I was now working six nights instead of five and it still wasnt enough. Christmas wa

5、s coming and there was no money for toys. Clothes were a worry too.On Christmas Eve the usual customers were drinking coffee in the Big Wheel. There were the truckers, Les, Frank, and Jim. These 9 all just sat around and talked. When it was time for me to go home, I found several boxes in my Chevy f

6、illed with little jeans, toys and an enormous turkey. I could not believe my eyes!I was crying with gratitude. And I will never forget the joy on the faces of my little ones that 10 morning.Yes, there were angels in Indiana that long-ago December morning. And they all hung out at the Big Wheel truck

7、 stop.1. A. ignoredB. appreciatedC. fearedD. recognized 2. A. soB. butC. becauseD. or3. A. loadedB. movedC. invitedD. handed4. A. questionB. teachC. consultD. convince5. A. arguedB. bargainedC. agreedD. planned6. A. onlyB. definitelyC. fullyD. clearly7. A. draggedB. rolledC. directedD. carried8. A.

8、prayedB. concludedC. announcedD. wondered 9. A. visitorsB. regularsC. neighborsD. strangers10. A. comfortableB. satisfyingC. preciousD. educational第二節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 15 分） 閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫 1 個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤} 卡指定區(qū)域作答。AHumans like to live near rivers and they ofte

9、n find 11 (they) needing to cross them. The simplest way across a river is to ford it. Fording is to find 12 the river is shallow and cross it safely without using a boat. It means 13 (pretend) the river is not there, continuing to walk, and hoping for the best. But sometimes even water at shallow a

10、reas can be surprisingly dangerous, 14 is because its not always easy to tell how fast the water is moving. It only takes ankle-deep water to sweep a person off their feet.BSince last month, more than half of Americas school districts 15 (report) “severe” or “desperate” school bus driver shortages.

11、Suffering like this makes them thankful for people like Michael Mason. Driving a school bus isnt Michael Masons first job; he used to work for the government. But unlike many retirees, Mason is not sitting home and relaxing. 16 (lend) a helping hand, he started a new joba bus driver. Mason hopes to

12、inspire others in the community. He says, “I believe if all of us give a little something, we 17 (make) a difference in the world.”COnce upon a time, lighthouses, built to help guide ships away from dangerous rocks and reefs, 18 (locate) in wild, remote areas. They were considered 19 (lonely) places

13、 in the world to live and work. Today, with automatic lighting that can guide ships at sea, the lighthouse is a thing of the past. Still, many lighthouses throughout the world have been preserved 20 museums or important buildings. Some have even been turned into restaurants or hotels. They are place

14、s for people to visit and to go back in time.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38 分） 第一節(jié)（共 14 小題；每小題 2 分，共 28 分） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)， 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AGRANDPARENTS WILL LOVE THESE GADGETSGrandparents deserve the finer things in life. Now its time to reward your loved ones with some great gifts. To help famil

15、y shoppers out, weve put together a list of gadgets that wont break the bank. These gifts for grandparents make everything more enjoyable. Money cant buy happiness, but sometimes it can help promote your connection.001 / FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO LOVE TO READAll-new Kindle Paperwhite is a worthwhile upgr

16、ade for grandparents who like reading e-books. This version features a larger 6.8-inch display and adjustable warm light. Grandparents will have no trouble operating it. The new one provides 32GBplenty of space for favorite book titles.Price: 32GB$190 (an additional $20 for the ad-free version)002 /

17、 FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO ARE FAR AWAYBeing apart from children and grandchildren is difficult, but Filimin Friendship Lamps can ensure grandparents are never out of mind even if theyre out of sight. Each family member connects the Friendship Lamp to Wi-Fi. It takes little effort to set up and use. Keep

18、 one, give the other to grandparents, and whenever you touch your lamp, theirs will light up too. You can customize these lamps with over 200 color options.Price: $105 (10% discount if you buy on Filimins website) 003 / FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO ENJOY CONVENIENCENothing beats a warm cup of coffee on a fr

19、eezing winter morning, and the Ember Temperature Control Smart Mug keeps drinks at the perfect temperature no matter how long it takes grandma or grandpa to enjoy their coffee or tea. It hardly requires any complex steps to use. The temperature can be controlled via smartphone app. Purchase it in ou

20、r physical stores today.Price: $99.95 ($180 for two)004 / FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO LOSE THINGSNothing is more frustrating than being ready to go somewhere important and being unable to find the car keys. Esky makes lost keys a thing of the past. Four receivers can be attached to grandparents most treasu

21、red items. By just pressing the color-coded button on the transmitter, grandparents can be led to lost items by a beeping sound. You can order it on Amazon.Price: $24.99 ($20 in May)21. What information can we get from the advertisement?A. The Ember Mug can keep drinks warm for a limited time.B. It

22、is impossible to skip advertisements while using Kindle Paperwhite.C. Users know their family are thinking of them when the Friendship Lamp is on. D. Clicking a button on the Esky receiver enables users to find things theyve lost.22. What feature do the four products have in common?A. Online availab

23、ility.B. Easy operation.C. Special discount.D. Smartphone control.23. Who is this advertisement intended for?A. Family members wanting to buy gifts for their elders.B. Sales people studying grandparents preferences. C. Companies selling products to elderly people.D. Grandparents favoring advanced te

24、chnology.BMy name is Stella Young. I grew up in a very small country town in Victoria. I had a very normal, low-key kind of upbringing. I went to school; I hung out with my friends; I fought with my younger sisters. It was all very normal. And when I was 15, a member of my local community approached

25、 my parents and wanted to submit my name for a community achievement award. My parents said, “Hmm, thats really nice, but theres kind of one obvious problem with that. She hasnt actually achieved anything.” And they were right. You know I went to school, I got good marks, and I had a very low-key af

26、ter-school job in my mums hairdressing salon.Years later, I was on my second teaching round in a Melbourne high school, and I was about 20 minutes into a year-11 Legal Studies class when a boy put up his hand and said, “Hey Miss, when are you going to start your speech?”And I said, “What speech?”And

27、 he said, “You know, like, your motivational speaking. You know, when people in wheelchairs come to school, they usually say, like, inspirational stuff. Its usually in the big hall.”And that was the moment I realized that this kid had only ever experienced disabled people as objects of inspiration.F

28、or lots of us, disabled people are not our teachers or our doctors. Were not real people. We are there to inspire. Yeah, weve been sold the lie that disability is a bad thing, and to live with a disability makes you exceptional.Its not a bad thing, and it doesnt make you exceptional. And in the past

29、 few years, weve been able to spread this lie even further through social media.Life as a disabled person is actually somewhat difficult. We do overcome some things. But they have nothing to do with our bodies. I use the term “disabled people” purposely, because I subscribe to whats called the socia

30、l model of disability. This model tells us that we are more disabled by the society that we live in than by our bodies and our diagnoses (診斷).I want to live in a world where we dont have such low expectations of disabled people that we are congratulated for getting out of bed and remembering our own

31、 names in the morning. I want to live in a world where we value disabled peoples real achievement. And I want to live in a world where a year-11 kid in a Melbourne high school is not one bit surprised that his new teacher is a wheelchair user.24. What can we learn from Stella Young in the first para

32、graph? A. She couldnt get along well with her friends and sisters. B. She played a key role at her mums hairdressing salon.C. She received an award for a great achievement.D. She lived an ordinary life in a country town.25. What can we infer from the dialogue between Stella Young and the boy? A. The

33、 boy didnt have much life experience.B. People have fixed ideas about the disabled.C. The disabled cant find decent jobs because they are incapable.D. Stella Young felt uncomfortable because of the boys impoliteness.26. According to the passage, Stella Young may agree that _.A. social media offends

34、the public by spreading lies about the disabledB. the disabled are less likely to be successful in their careers C. societys attitude makes disabled peoples life difficultD. peoples expectations of the disabled are too high27. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. On the journey to beco

35、ming exceptionalB. The secret behind my disability C. Show sympathy to the disabled D. Im not your inspirationCMusic is a powerful thing. It awakens feelings and has the power to bring people together. But today, artists are not known for their music, but for how flashy their clothing is and how man

36、y times their wealthy relatives can get them out of jail (監(jiān)獄). And thus, their music is lost.Pop and rap music has developed into a shallow, image-addicted industry that lines up with what the public wants to hear and see, removing the focus on the actual music. Mainstream music is no longer compose

37、d of emotion, but instead, themes of money and fame. Photos and rumors fly while the music is ignored.Not all musical groups or individual artists begin like this. Many of these artists are original and talented, but turn to the money side. Often their songs are written by experts who know what is a

38、ppealing to a certain age group, and the musicians faces can be seen on countless magazine covers. Soon their supposedly new and improved songs can be heard blasting out of car windows. But these songs are totally empty, lacking creativity and the original thirst of the artist to make an impact or c

39、onvey (傳遞) a message.MTV is not helping. It plays only what the public wants to hear. And unfortunately, the majority seems interested in either sickly sweet, generic pop or stereotypical (刻板的), bleeped-out rap. Kids and teens everywhere are swimming in these songs, which are often degrading to wome

40、n and minorities, and inappropriate.Almost all the girls in my dorm are addicted to the same songs. This was the case the previous year, and the year before that. Whenever I try to play music I enjoy, or introduce them to some decent songs, they say that everyone except me likes their music.Why do m

41、ost teenagers only listen to pop and rap music when so many other types exist? Maybe its because everywhere we look, we are bombarded with the same music: on the radio, on TV, on the computer. At school, pop and rap are discussed all the time. Perhaps they have never listened to anything else. Or ma

42、ybe peer pressure is part of it.There is no solution to the “pop problem”. Its called popular for a reasonmany people enjoy it. Theres no easy way to change their views. My suggestion is not to buy music like this when you can explore something new. Expand your horizons. Dig up your parents old reco

43、rds and CDs. You never know what you might find.28. The author probably prefers _.A. new pop songs meant for girlsB. original songs with deep meaningC. catchy songs produced by popular singersD. never-heard-before songs just recently discovered29. What can we learn from the passage?A. Many artists t

44、rade creativity for wealth and fame.B. The public is responsible for the existence of music.C. MTV promotes the songs favored by women and minorities.D. Musicians singing about money is an ineffective way to attract fans.30. What is most probably the authors suggestion for young people? A. Try to re

45、spect your peers music tastes.B. Deal with the “pop problem” patiently.C. Expose yourself to various music styles.D. Treasure the music from previous generations.DNASA will crash a spacecraft into an asteroid (小行星) to try to change its orbit, attempting to prevent humans going the same way as the di

46、nosaurs.Earth is constantly being disturbed by small pieces of debris (碎片), but they usually burn up or break up long before they hit the ground. Once in a while, however, something large enough to do significant damage makes impact. About 66 million years ago, one such crash is thought to have wipe

47、d out the dinosaurs. Someday, something similar could end human beingsunless we can find a way to tackle it.NASAs Double Asteroid Redirection Test (Dart) mission is the first attempt to test if such asteroid redirection is a realistic strategy: investigating whether a spacecraft can autonomously rea

48、ch a target asteroid and intentionally crash into it, as well as measuring the amount of redirection. “If it works, it would be a big deal, because it would prove that we have the technical capability of protecting ourselves,” said Jay Tate, the director of the National Near Earth Object Information

49、 Center.The 610kg Dart spacecraft is scheduled to be launched at the targetthe Didymos systema harmless pair of asteroids consisting of a 163-metre “moonlet” asteroid called Dimorphos that orbits a larger 780-metre asteroid called Didymos (Greek for “twin”). The plan is to crash the spacecraft into

50、Dimorphos when the asteroid system is at its closest to Earthabout 6.8 million miles away.About 10 days before impact, a miniaturized satellite called LiciaCube will separate from the main spacecraft, enabling images of the impact to be relayed back to Earth. Combined with observations from ground-b

51、ased telescopes, and an onboard camera that will record the final moments before the crash, these recordings will enable scientists to calculate the degree to which the impact has changed Dimorphoss orbit. The expectation is that it will change the speed of the smaller asteroid by approximately 1% a

52、nd reduce its orbit around the larger asteroid.Then, in November 2024, the European Space Agencys Hera spacecraft will visit the Didymos system and conduct a further close-up analysis of the consequences of this snooker (斯諾克) game, recording details such as the precise makeup and internal structure

53、of Dimorphos, and the size and shape of the hole left by Dart. Such details are vital for transforming asteroid redirection into a repeatable technique.Even then, it is impossible that any single redirection strategy would be enough. “The problem is that no two asteroids or comets are alike, and how

54、 you redirect one depends on a huge number of variables. There is no silver bullet in this game. What you need is a whole folder of different redirection methods for different types of targets,” said Tate.So, while this may be one small step towards planetary protection, many more are likely to be n

55、ecessary to avoid destruction.31. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2?A. To examine the impact of dinosaurs extinction.B. To explain the necessity of launching a spacecraft.C. To show the damage caused by small pieces of debris.D. To highlight the crisis threatening human beings at present.32. Which

56、of the following pictures illustrates the mission?33. What is the function of LiciaCube?A. Sending impact data back to Earth.B. Calculating the length of Dimorphoss orbit.C. Helping the satellite separate from the spacecraft.D. Recording the scientists ground-based observations.34. What does the und

57、erlined sentence “There is no silver bullet in this game” mean? A. There is no challenge too big to overcome.B. There is no possibility to satisfy NASAs needs.C. There is no single solution to the complex problem.D. There is no strategy to help make an obvious decision.第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，共 10 分） 根據(jù)短

58、文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Usually when someone is disgusted by something, he feels it is unpleasant and stays away from it, so disgust mostly protects people from getting sick. However, getting a little dirty can have its advantages. Studies show that kids under age one who physically interact with a dog will have a 13% reduction in the likeliho