英語時間狀語從句講解與練習(xí)完整

1、英語時間狀語從句講解與練習(xí)英語時間狀語從句講解與練習(xí)when, while 和 as 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的用法這三個詞的意思很簡單，都有“當(dāng)時候”的意思。但學(xué)生經(jīng)常會問三個詞的區(qū)別在哪兒，特別是在做選擇題的時候。別說是學(xué)生，就我個人而言，做這樣的選擇題要保證百分之百的正確也是不可能的?，F(xiàn)根據(jù)大量的實例和個人的思考，做一點小結(jié)，供大家參考。一、when 的用法如果只從現(xiàn)象來看，when 從句用的最多的是一般過去時，而主句的時態(tài)沒有限制,根據(jù)具體情況而定。1. When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小時候就常常試驗一些新的設(shè)

2、想。 2. When she came into my room, I was just reading a book. 她走進我房間時，我正在看書。3. Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老師進來的時候，你在寫信嗎？4. Sorry, I was out when you called me. 對不起，你打電話來的時候我出去了。5. He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他正要走，這時有人敲門。 6. I thought of it just whe

3、n you opened your mouth. 就在你要說話的時候，我也想到了。7. I had hardlyscarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. 我剛一閉上眼，就有人在敲門了。 根據(jù)以上的例句，我們可以總結(jié)出一點：when 從句的A事件，相當(dāng)于另一個事件B發(fā)生的時間點。也就是說，when 從句的重點不在動作本身發(fā)生的狀態(tài)，而只是把它作為一個時間點，所以when 多數(shù)情況下用的是一般過去時，則不用正在進行時。因為如果用正在進行時，它表示的就是一段時間而不是一個時間點了。根據(jù)這一點，有的文章補充說：when 從句的動

4、詞大多是瞬時動詞。這種說法也可以參照。實際上，when 從句也可以有其它的時態(tài)，但幾乎也不用進行時，因為它也只是作為一個時間參照點。例如：1. When I got to the airport, the guests had left. 當(dāng)我趕到飛機場時，客人們已經(jīng)離開了。2. When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. 當(dāng)他完成作業(yè)后，他休息了一會兒。 3. Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already? 你已經(jīng)找到如此好的工作，為

5、何還想再找新的？4. You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it. 在我讀完這本書后，你可以借閱。 5. When the manager comes here for a visit next week, Ill talk with him about this. 下周，經(jīng)理來這參觀時，我會和他談?wù)劥耸隆?二、while 的用法相比于when 來說，while 從句的側(cè)重點就不一樣了。while 從句的側(cè)重點在于描述動作正在發(fā)生的狀態(tài)，它的意思是：當(dāng)while 事件正在發(fā)生的時候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while 從句

6、一般用的是正在進行時。而另一件事的狀態(tài)沒有硬性的要求，根據(jù)具體情況而定。例如：1. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. 當(dāng)妻子正在看報紙的時候，我正在看電視。2. While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正當(dāng)吉姆修自行車時，林濤來看他。3. While they were talking, the bell rang. 正在他們談話的時候，上課鈴響了。4. You cant do your homework while youre wat

7、ching TV. 你不能一邊看電視一邊做家庭作業(yè)。 5. While John was sitting biting his nails, I was working out a plan to get us home. 約翰坐在那里咬指甲時，我正在制定一個回家的計劃。 從時間的角度來看，while 表示的是一段時間，是一個過程。這是while 的側(cè)重點。因此，如果含有“一段時間”的含義的時候，就可以用while。6. Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵。這句話中，是說趁著鐵是熱的這段時間，趕緊打鐵。如果換成 when 意思就變了，相當(dāng)于說鐵只熱了一下，打一

8、下，然后鐵就冷了。這顯然不符合文意。再例：I'm going to the post office. While you're there, can you get me some stamps? 三、as 的用法as 從句表示的也是一件事情正在發(fā)生，另一件事也正在進行當(dāng)中。但與 while 從句不同的是，as 從句用的一般不用正在進行時，而只是一般過去時。as 從句一般可以翻譯成“邊邊”。例如：1. As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks. 當(dāng)我媽媽唱起那些老歌時，眼淚順著她的臉頰流了下來。 2

9、. The students took notes as they listened. 學(xué)生們邊聽課邊做筆記。3. As we talked on, he got more and more excited. 我們繼續(xù)往下談的時候，他越來越興奮。 4. The little girls sang as they went. 小姑娘們一邊走，一邊唱。5. Just as he caught the ball, there was a tearing sound. 當(dāng)他抓住球的時候，有一種撕裂的聲音。 as 表達的事件，往往只是主句動作發(fā)生的背景或條件時，as 只是一個次要的時間說明，不像whil

10、e 從句有強調(diào) while 動作本身的意思。因此，as 常常翻譯成“隨著”之意。例如：1. As the time went on，the weather got worse. 隨著時間的推移，氣候更加糟糕。2. The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases. 隨著高度的增加，大氣越來越稀薄。 3. As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer. 隨著時間一年一年過去，中國變得越來越富強了。 少數(shù)情況下，如果強調(diào)動作正在發(fā)生，as 從句也可以用正在進行時。

11、這只能算是特例了。1. The sad mother sat on the roadside, shouting as she was crying. 傷心的媽媽坐在路邊，邊哭邊叫喊。 2. As we were going out, it began to snow. 正當(dāng)我們出門時，雪開始下起來。3. He came in as I was going to bed. 我正要上床睡覺，他進來了。四、when, while, as 的互換如果從句動作和主句動作同時發(fā)生，并且從句動作為延續(xù)性動詞時，when，while，as 可以互換使用。這種情況下，它們的細微區(qū)別恐怕連英、美人自己也說不清了

12、。1. When /While /As we were dancing, a stranger came in. 當(dāng)我們跳舞時，一位陌生人走了進來。 dance 為延續(xù)性動詞2. When /While /As she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter. 當(dāng)她在打電話時，我正在寫信。 make為延續(xù)性動詞3. While/When/ As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the bank. 我順著馬路往前走時，發(fā)現(xiàn)銀行門前停著一輛警車

13、。五、比較while, when, as1）as, when 引導(dǎo)短暫性動作的動詞。 例如：Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我剎車后，有一個人向我走來。 2）當(dāng)從句的動作發(fā)生于主句動作之前，只能用when 引導(dǎo)這個從句，不可用as 或 while。 例如：When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 干完活后，你可以休息一下。 3）從句表示“隨時間推移”連詞能用as，不用when 或while。 例如： As the day wen

14、t on, the weather got worse.日子一天天過去，天氣越變越壞。 2）比較until和till 此兩個連詞意義相同?？隙ㄐ问奖硎镜囊馑际恰白瞿呈轮敝聊硶r”，動詞必須是延續(xù)性的。否定形式表達的意思是“直至某時才做某事”。動詞為延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性都可以。正確使用這兩個連詞的關(guān)鍵之一就在于判斷句中的動詞該用肯定式還是否定式?？隙ň洌篒 slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜時醒了。 Wait till I call you. 等著我叫你。（在肯定句中可用before代替。例如：Let's get in the wheat before the sun

15、sets.）否定句：She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock. 她直到6點才到。 Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽車停穩(wěn)后再下車。 I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才會做。 區(qū)別：1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。例如：Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告訴我以前，出了什么事我一點也

16、不知道。 3）until when 疑問句中，until要放在句首。例如： -Until when are you staying?你呆到什么時候？ - Until next Monday.呆到下周一。 注意：否定句可用另外兩種句式表示。 4）Not until在句首，主句用倒裝。 例如：Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到19 世紀初，人類才知道熱為何物。 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wa

17、sted. 直到工作，才認識到我已蹉跎了許多歲月。 5）It is not until that. 例如：It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. 6）表示“一就”的結(jié)構(gòu) hardly/scarcelywhen/before, no soonerthan和as soon as都可以表示“一就”的 意思。 例如： I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. 剛回家，就下起雨來了。 I had no sooner got

18、 home than it began to rain. As soon as I got home, it began to rain. 注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 例如： Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.六、練習(xí)：在下列各句的空格中填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞1_ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been. 2

19、_ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully. 3I saw her just _ she was getting off the train. 4Have a good look at that man _ you pass him. 5It was already eight o'clock _ we got there. 6. I was about to go out _ a visitor came. 7We'll go to the country at the beginning of June, _ the su

20、mmer harvest will start.8. He learned to speak German _ he was in Berlin.9. Henry is in charge of the office _ Mr. Smith is away. 10. I listen to the recorder _ I have time. 11. He had learned Chinese _ he came to China. 12. _ the work was done, we sat down to sum up experience. 13. I haven't se

21、en him _ he moved to the other side of the town. 14. I waited _ he came back. 15. It was not _ he took off his eyeglasses that I recognized him. 16. She likes everything to be in place _ she starts to work. 17. The thieves ran away _ they caught sight of the police. 18. They decided to go back home

22、_ their money ran out. 19. We played outside till sunset, _ it began to rain。20. _ I get to the airport, I will phone you to pick me up. 21. They were about to leave _ it began to rain. 22. He always stay in bed _ lunch time. 23. I like playing tennis _ my younger sister prefers watching ball games.

23、 24. _ I understand your viewpoint, I dont agree with you. 25. _ she grew older, she became more responsible. Key: 1. When 2. While / When 3. as 4. when/as5. when 6. when 7. when 8. while9. while10. whenever11. before 12. After 13. since 14. till/until15. until 16. before17. as soon as 18. before 19

24、. when20. As soon as21.when 22. until 23. while24. While 25. As綜合練習(xí)十七 I.單項選擇。( ) 1. My house is _ the post office and the bank.A on B in C between D over( ) 2. Whats your favorite music ? _.A I like pop music best B My favorite singer is Liu HuanC I often play basketball with you D My favorite is En

25、glish( ) 3. _? I like a small one.A Where is the country B What size pizza would you likeC Why do you like panda best D Where are elephants from( ) 4. Did you go shopping yesterday? _.A Yes, I do B Yes, I did C Yes, I am D No, I couldnt( ) 5. Do you like country ? Yes, _.A Yes, I am a country fan B

26、Yes, I am a pop fan C Yes, I am interested in classical music D Yes, he is a fan ( ) 6.What does the rock singer_? He is tall and thin.A look B look like C looks like D like( ) 7. The girl is _ quiet.A a bit little B a little bit C little a bit D bit a little( ) 8. My friend is a _ girl.A good-looki

27、ng B good-look C looking good D look-good( ) 9. _? Go upstairs and turn right.A What are the jazz CDs B Where are the CDsC Who is the woman D How can you sing the song( ) 10. _? He is thirteen years old. A Where is he from B Why do you like him C How old is he D Is he very smart( ) 11. Do you like a

28、 small, medium or large pizza? _.A I d like a medium pizza B Yes, I likeC Id like some cheese on it D I want buy some( ) 12. I dont like hot dogs _ hamburgers.A and B or C with D but( ) 13. _ a bottle of milk, some hot dog ,and hamburgers on the table. A There are B There is C There have D There has

29、( ) 14. _ ? She is a nurse. A Where does your mother do B What does your mother doC What is your mother doing D Who is your mother( ) 15. Where do you work ? _.A I work in a school B I am a teacher C I want to be a teacher D I go to school every dayII.句式轉(zhuǎn)換。1. We had eggs and milk for breakfast. （改為一

30、般疑問句） _2. There was a beautiful girl in the park. （畫線提問） _3. David went to the summer camp last week. （改為否定句）_4. They usually does homework at home. （用now改寫） _5. He went for a walk every morning. （畫線提問） _6. The Japanese woman was 70 years old .（畫線提問） _III.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Li Ping decided _ (make) his

31、breakfast.2. Please help the children _ (do) their homework.3. I found the little girl _ (cry) in the corner.4. _ (not take) a shower when you are ill in bed.5. Let's _ (buy) some hamburgers and soda.6. We had fun _ (swim) in the water yesterday afternoon.7. His father made him _ (go) to bed bef

32、ore 10:00 every evening. 8. Every student wants _ (clean) the classroom.9. One of the animals _ (be) very friendly and intelligent.10. Who can _ (write) an English article?11. Listen! She _ (sing) in the next room.12. He _ (see) the police officer last night.IV.就下列各句提問。1. My favorite singer is Zhou

33、Yuming. _2. His favorite group was Boys & Girls._3. Her favorite kind of music is classical._4. They took a boy to hospital yesterday._5. Tony's birthday is December 23rd._6. Their T-shirts are blue and white._V.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1. _ lunch, Jim likes hamburgers, chicken, and apples.2. Take the dicti

34、onary _ my room, please.3. The sweaters are _ a good price.4. Heres a list _ names.5. March is _ February and April.6. We usually watch TV _ weekends.7. I often go to movies _ my friend, Jack.8. _ fact, the movie is very boring.9. She was born _ August 19th, 1991.10. The girl _ red is Mr. Greens dau

35、ghter.11. Ed Edgarson only watches sports _ TV.名詞基礎(chǔ)知識再現(xiàn)一、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：Month zerokilo photopianoplant memberfridge German boy toyorange chairclass bench glassbrush boxpencil-boxwish inch fish watchtomato potatoknife half housewife leaf shelfwolf thieffactorydictionarybutterflycityfamilycountry babypol

36、icemanpolicewoman man woman foot tooth woman doctor childmouse gooseChinese fish sheep deer 二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. There are some(potato) in the box.2. Look! There are a lot of(leaf)on the ground.3. Some(policeman)are standing there.4. He has three(boy).5. There are a few(people)in the room.6.I would like

37、 three(glass)of (milk).7. It has four(foot).8. There are two(baby)in the cradle.9. These(watch)and(clock)are made in this (city).10. Jack' s father bought a pair of new(shoe) for him last Sunday.11. The two(woman doctor) are my(girlfriend)12. Please pass me two pieces of(paper).13. Tell me if th

38、ere are two boxes of(pen) in it.14. These (glass) are made of (glass).15. How many(time)have you been to Paris?16. Tomorrow two (Australian) and three (Frenchman)will visit the village.17. There is something wrong with one of the elephant's(foot).18. My cousin was so happy because he made few (m

39、istake)in his maths test.19. The man is waiting for Tom's and Mays (teacher).20. The old house is so dirty and there are a lot of (mouse) here.三、用名詞的所有格填空：1. Its every (child) dream to own a car.2. (Children) clothes arent cheap.3. She has gone to the (hairdresser) (美容師) .4. Whats the name of (C

40、harles) .5. How much are you paid for a (day) work?6. Repairing the car is about five (days) work.7. Anna is a (girl) name.8. (Girls) names are different from (boys) names.四單復(fù)數(shù)句型轉(zhuǎn)換：A. 單數(shù)句變復(fù)數(shù)句1. There is a bookshelf in my bedroom.2. She has an old dress in her wardrobe. 3. I will work hard all my lif

41、e. 4. That taxi driver is Xiao Hongs uncle. 5. Can you see a deer running in the forest? B. 復(fù)數(shù)句變單數(shù)句1. The young women are all in white trousers. 2. They want to be editors-in-chief. 3. These boys will make friends with those girls. 4. The old ladies have many grandchildren. 五、選擇填空：1. There are twelv

42、e in a year.A. month B. monthes C. months2. Three are standing over there.A. police B. policeman C. policemen3. The soldiers gave their to the country in the war（戰(zhàn)爭）.A. lives B. lifes C. life4. Look! Here is your .A. skirt B. shirts C. skirts5. Half of the were taken in England.A. photoes B. photos

43、C. photo6. I have today.A. headache B. a headache C. headaches7. Im interested in one of these .A. story B. stories C. storys8. My uncle watched a few TV last week.A. play B. plaies C. plays9. She had three for lunch.A. bottles of orange juices B. bottle of orange juice C. bottles of orange juice10.

44、 There are two on the plate.A. pieces of meat B. piece of meat C. pieces of meats11. Mother bought a pair of for me last week.A. shoe B. glasses C. glass12. Several will visit our school next Monday.A. Japaneses B. Americans C. Englishman13. Can you give us any to do?A. works B. worker C. work14. It

45、s about an walk from here to my home.A. hours B. hours C. hours 15. are sitting at the breakfast table.A. The family B. Family C. Families16. turn yellow in autumn.A. Leaves B. Leafs C. leaf17. In a few time we hope to cover those mountains.A. years B. years C. years18. Twenty young in our village j

46、oined the army last year.A. peoples B. peoples C. people19. are a hardworking people.A. Chinese B. The Chineses C. The Chinese20. Jack took away my pencil-box by .A. a mistake B. mistake C. mistakes21. Mother does in my family.A. much housework B. much homework C. many houseworks22. Please make for

47、the old man.A. a room B. room C. the room 23. Ill give you to finish the work.A. two days time B. two days time C. two days time24. We walk with our .A. foots B. foot C. feet25. She often goes to the factory , not by bus.A. by foot B. on foot C. by her foot26. How many can you see in the picture?A. monkey B. monkeys C. monkeies27. “What is she?” “She is .”A. Lily B. her sister C. a girl student28. The sun rises in the and goes down in the .A. west, east B. ease, north C. east, west29. Half of the telephone calls are made in English.A. worlds B. world C. worlds30. We