使用定語(yǔ)從句易犯的錯(cuò)誤

1、小結(jié)：小結(jié)： 1.定語(yǔ)從句中不能缺少先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句中不能缺少先行詞。 2. 在從句中作在從句中作主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞不可省。的關(guān)系代詞不可省。1. This is who everyone respects.(這就是大家尊敬的人。這就是大家尊敬的人。)2.Children eat much sugar often get bad teeth.單句改錯(cuò)并指出錯(cuò)誤所在單句改錯(cuò)并指出錯(cuò)誤所在the person/manwho錯(cuò)誤一：缺少先行詞或省掉了在從句中作主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞錯(cuò)誤一：缺少先行詞或省掉了在從句中作主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞看過(guò)電影的那些人對(duì)這電影評(píng)價(jià)很高。（改錯(cuò)）看過(guò)電影的那些人對(duì)這電影評(píng)價(jià)很高。（

2、改錯(cuò)）Those have seen the film think highly of it.1.This is the person _my friend mentioned.2. This is the person _talks to my friend.(whom)whowho1. The shirt is not expensive for him that his uncle likes. 他叔叔喜歡的這件襯衫對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)并不貴。他叔叔喜歡的這件襯衫對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)并不貴。2. The guide to which you talked is a good hunter. 和你聊天的那個(gè)向?qū)?/p>

3、個(gè)好獵手。和你聊天的那個(gè)向?qū)莻€(gè)好獵手。3. He still remembered the men and books which interested him then. 他仍然記得使他感興趣的人和書(shū)。他仍然記得使他感興趣的人和書(shū)。錯(cuò)誤類型二錯(cuò)誤類型二: 從句沒(méi)有緊靠先行詞。從句沒(méi)有緊靠先行詞。 The shirt that his uncle likes is not expensive for him. to whomthat錯(cuò)誤類型三：關(guān)系詞選用不對(duì)錯(cuò)誤類型三：關(guān)系詞選用不對(duì) 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that與與which的區(qū)別的區(qū)別1.I have said all _ I want to

4、 say.2.There is little work _ you can do.3.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.4.This is the very book _ I want to buy.5.They talked about the men and the things _ they saw.6.Which is the hotel _ he once stayed at?7.Who is the woman _ shook hands with you just now.8.China isnt the

5、 country _ it was. 9. This is the car in _ we went to Shanghai.10. He is often late for school, _ makes the teacher very angry.thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatwhichwhich關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that與關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系副詞when/where的混用的混用1. I will never forget the day _ we spend together with my uncle.2. I will never forget the d

6、ay _ we live with my uncle.3. The city _ we visited is the capital of the country.4. The city_ I worked is the capital of the country.thatwhenwherethat提示：提示： 可以通過(guò)劃分句子可以通過(guò)劃分句子成分來(lái)判斷所需的關(guān)系詞成分來(lái)判斷所需的關(guān)系詞knowknowsHe is the only one of the teachers who _(know) French in our school.He is one of the male teach

7、ers who _(know )French in our school.Tip：關(guān)系代詞在從句中：關(guān)系代詞在從句中 做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須保持一致。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須保持一致。1. Those who has finished their homework may leave the classroom now.2. The woman who teach us English is Jenny.have錯(cuò)誤類型四：錯(cuò)誤類型四： 定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單，復(fù)數(shù)弄錯(cuò)定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單，復(fù)數(shù)弄錯(cuò)teaches3.This is one of the hous

8、es that is free now.areone of the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句中謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)名詞這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句中謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。the only one of the +復(fù)數(shù)名詞，從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞，從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)錯(cuò)誤類型五：錯(cuò)誤類型五： 在定語(yǔ)從句中加了多余的成分，如賓語(yǔ)，在定語(yǔ)從句中加了多余的成分，如賓語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，介詞或關(guān)系副詞。狀語(yǔ)，介詞或關(guān)系副詞。1.Some of the girls I invited them did not come.此句因刪去此句因刪去them，因?yàn)閺木涞馁e語(yǔ)時(shí)省略了，因?yàn)閺木涞馁e語(yǔ)時(shí)省略了whom/who.2. Is this the ph

9、oto which you took it last week?應(yīng)刪去應(yīng)刪去it，因?yàn)閺木涞馁e語(yǔ)時(shí)關(guān)系代詞，因?yàn)閺木涞馁e語(yǔ)時(shí)關(guān)系代詞which，無(wú)需再用，無(wú)需再用it了。了。Yesterday we visited the factory where your father worked there.The house where the old man lives in needs repairing.錯(cuò)誤類型五：錯(cuò)誤類型五： 某些某些“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+介詞介詞”固定詞組中的介詞固定詞組中的介詞不可以提到關(guān)系詞的前面。不可以提到關(guān)系詞的前面。The baby after whom the nurs

10、e looks is healthy.應(yīng)改為：應(yīng)改為：The baby whom the nurse looks after is healthy.因因look after 做做“照看照看”講，是不可分開(kāi)的短語(yǔ)。類講，是不可分開(kāi)的短語(yǔ)。類似這種介詞不可前置的短語(yǔ)還有：似這種介詞不可前置的短語(yǔ)還有：look for, listen to, hand in, wait for, belong to, laugh at, take care of, worry about, look forward to等。等。只有表示所有關(guān)系的介詞，或關(guān)系代詞做介詞只有表示所有關(guān)系的介詞，或關(guān)系代詞做介詞或介詞短

11、語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)介詞才可以前置?；蚪樵~短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)介詞才可以前置。如：如：China has many famous writers, one of them is Lu Xun.I work in a factory, in front of which there is a river.綜合練習(xí)：綜合練習(xí)：1. Is this the city where you visited last year?2. Do you still remember the day which you joined the party?3. My father, that has been away

12、recently, wants to see you.4. He has three sons, two of them are music lovers.5. As you know it, he has left for America.6. They are talking about the people and the things which they saw on their way home.7. Which is the clock which is made in China?that/ which when who two of whom that that8. Who

13、is the man who is speaking to your mother?9. He has written a book, the name of it I have forgotten.10. I have made the same mistakes like you have.11. Here is so big a stone as no one can move it.12. The news which a war broke out in the Middle East surprised us.13. Those who wants to see the film

14、put up your hands.14. Those have seen the film think highly of it.15. That is the way which they work. that the name of whichas that或者去掉或者去掉it want who或者把或者把which改為改為that，或省掉，或省掉whichin which that16.Is this the book your father bought it for you?17. Who is the comrade you talked with him?錯(cuò)誤類型：在從句中添加

15、了多余的成分。錯(cuò)誤類型：在從句中添加了多余的成分。關(guān)系代詞是從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，因此這關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞是從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，因此這關(guān)系代詞可以省代詞可以省多加了賓語(yǔ)多加了賓語(yǔ)對(duì)比練習(xí)：對(duì)比練習(xí)：1. a) Tom, _we had expected, got the first place in the competition. A. as B. which C. whom D. who b) Tom, _we had expected to help us, didnt even show his face. A. as B. whom C. that D. which2. a) Thi

16、s is one of the best novels_ published last year. b) This is the only one of the best novels_ published last year.A.which were B. where was C. that were D. that was3. a) Is this flat _ you once lived in? b) Is this the only flat _ you have lived in? c) Is this the flat _ you once lived ? d) Is this

17、the flat in _ you once lived ? e) Is it in this flat _ you once lived?A.which B. where C. that D. the oneABCDDCBAC4. a) She has two skirts, _ were bought last summer. b) She has two skirts._ were bought last summer. A. Both of which B. both of them C. both of which D. Both of them5. He has many chil

18、dren, some of _ are workers. He has many children, and some of _ are workers. A. which B. that C. them D. whomCDDC Yesterday evening, some students _like movies went to see a film “King Kong”. The story happened on an island _there were dangerous animals. King Kong had fought with the dinosaurs to save Anne. However, it was caught and brought to the city by some people. When it escaped, it did much damage to the city and