2019全國高考英語(卷1卷2及卷3)完形填空及答案詳解

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2019全國卷1完形填空及答案詳解 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They _41_ with them lots of waste. The _42_ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing, changing the _43_ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, Im

2、_44_ about the place other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon _45_ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _46_ among tons of rubbish. I find a _47_ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are _48_

3、 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be _49_.The best of a Kilimanjaro _50_, in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are _51_ as spiritual places by many cultures. This _52_ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as _53_ go through five ecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)) in the

4、space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, _54_ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather _55_ low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I _56_ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters i

5、s the highland _57_: gravel(礫石), stones and rocks. _58_ you climb into an arctic-like zone with _59_ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro _60_ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.41. A.

6、 keepB. mixC. connectD. bring42. A. storiesB. buildingsC. crowdsD. reporters43. A. positionB. ageC. faceD. name44. A. silentB. skepticalC. seriousD. crazy45. A. discoverB. argueC. decideD. advocate46. A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stones47. A. remoteB. quietC. tallD. clean48. A. newB. specialC. sig

7、nificantD. necessary49. A. paying offB. spreading outC. blowing upD. fading away50. A. atmosphereB. experienceC. experimentD. sight51. A. studiedB. observedC. exploredD. regarded52. A. viewB. qualityC. reasonD. purpose53. A. scientistsB. climbersC. localsD. officials54. A. holding on toB. going back

8、 toC. living up toD. giving way to55. A. changesB. clearsC. improvesD. permits56. A. matchB. imagineC. countD. add57. A. villageB. desertC. roadD. lake58. A. ObviouslyB. EasilyC. ConsequentlyD. Finally59. A. permanentB. littleC. freshD. artificial60. A. enjoyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire【答案】41. D 42.

9、C 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. B【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。每年有4萬登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力馬扎羅山，他們帶來了垃圾，破壞了這里的環(huán)境。再加上冰川的消失，改變著它的地貌。對此作者對這個地方很是懷疑，想一探究竟。當(dāng)他來到這里，他發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)保措施很到位，同時作者發(fā)現(xiàn)乞力馬扎羅山有多種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。作者認(rèn)為乞力馬扎羅山不應(yīng)該被譽(yù)為一座擠滿了破壞寧靜氛圍的游客的擁擠的山峰?！?1題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. keep保持

10、；B. mix混合；C. connect聯(lián)系；D. bring帶來。句意：他們帶來了很多的垃圾。由“l(fā)ots of waste”可知，登山者帶來了很多的垃圾。故D選項切題?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters記者。句意：人群可能會破壞這個地方的美。由“40,000”可知，這是一個龐大的群體。故C選項切題?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. position位置；B. age年齡；C. face外貌，表面；D. name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改變著乞力馬扎羅山的地貌。冰川是乞力馬扎羅山的地貌之一，

11、所以冰山融化會改變它的地貌。故C選項切題?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A. silent沉默的；B. skepetical懷疑的；C. serious嚴(yán)肅的；D. crazy瘋狂的。句意：聽到這些故事，我對這個地方產(chǎn)生了懷疑其他旅游地被描述為“更純粹”的自然體驗。由下文可知，作者親自來到了乞力馬扎羅山，作者想解開這個懷疑。故B選項切題。【45題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. argue爭論；C. decide決定；D. advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于營地周圍有成噸的垃圾的報道出現(xiàn)以來，情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。由“much has ch

12、anged”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了很大的變化。故A選項切題?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. equipment裝備；B. grass草；C. camps營地；D. stone石頭。句意：我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于營地周圍有成噸的垃圾的報道出現(xiàn)以來，情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。由下文“at camps”可知，本句屬于原詞再現(xiàn)。故C選項切題?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A. remote遙遠(yuǎn)的；B. quiet安靜的；C. tall高的；D. clean干凈的。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座干凈的山，營地里和路邊都有廁所。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths”

13、可知，營地里和路邊都有廁所，所以這是一座干凈的山。故D選項切題?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. significant重大的；D. necessary必要的。句意：環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是巨大的，但坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。根據(jù)前文可知，很多的登山者來到乞力馬扎羅山以及冰川可能會消失，這對于環(huán)境來說是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。故C選項切題?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A. paying off還清，報償；B. spreading out伸展；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away逐漸消退。句意：環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是巨大的，但坦桑

14、尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。由“but”可知，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。故A選項切題。【50題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. atmosphere氛圍；B. experience經(jīng)歷；C. experiment實驗；D. sight視力。句意：在我看來，來乞力馬扎羅最好的經(jīng)歷并不是到達(dá)頂峰。登山就是人生的一種經(jīng)歷。故B選項切題?！?1題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. studied學(xué)習(xí)；B. observed觀察；C. explored探索；D. regarded認(rèn)為。句意：山被許多文化視為精神場所。由“spiritual space”可知，

15、山被許多文化視為精神場所。be regarded as被視為。故D選項切題?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. view景色；B. quality質(zhì)量；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的。句意：在乞力馬扎羅，當(dāng)?shù)巧秸咴趲坠锏目臻g里穿越五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)時，景色差異尤為明顯。有五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，所以景色也是明顯的不同。故A選項切題?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. scientists科學(xué)家；B. climbers登山者；C. locals當(dāng)?shù)厝?；D. officials官員。句意：在乞力馬扎羅，當(dāng)?shù)巧秸咴趲坠锏目臻g里穿越五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)時，景色尤為明顯。故A選項切題。來到乞力馬扎羅都是為了登

16、山，也只有登山者能體驗到五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故B選項切題?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A. holding on to抓住；B. going back to回到（原來的話題）；C. living up to達(dá)到，履行；D. giving way to向讓步。句意：熱帶雨林在海拔3000米處突然到了盡頭，讓位于大片的低矮植物。這里指熱帶雨林在海拔3000米處突然到了盡頭，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。故D選項切題?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. changes改變；B. clears放晴；C. improves提高；D. permits允許。句意：再往上走，天氣變了低云籠罩著被厚厚的

17、草覆蓋的山腰。由“l(fā)ow clouds”可知，海拔變了，天氣也是不同的，是變化的。故A選項切題。【56題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count數(shù)；D. add增加。句意：我從站的地方數(shù)出了十二種綠色。由“twelve shades of green”可知，作者數(shù)出了十二種綠色。故C選項切題。【57題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. village村莊；B. desert沙漠，荒地；C. road馬路；D. lake湖。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠：礫石、石頭和巖石。由“grave, stones and rocks”可知，海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠

18、。故B選項切題?！?8題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A. Obviously明顯地；B. Easily容易地；C. Consequently結(jié)果；D. Finally最后地。句意：海拔4000米以上是高地荒漠：礫石、石頭和巖石。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)最頂端也是最后一個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是冰川地區(qū)。故D選項切題。【59題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A. permanent永久的；B. little小的；C. fresh新鮮的；D. artificial人造的。句意：很明顯，你爬進(jìn)了一個類似北極的地帶，那里有著永久性的積雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctic-like zone”可知，這是一個類似北極的地帶，所以有永久性的積雪。故A

19、選項切題。【60題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. enjoy享受；B. deserve值得；C. save挽救；D. acquire獲得。句意：乞力馬扎羅山是一座擁擠的山，擠滿了成群的游客，破壞了寧靜的氣氛，它值得這樣的名聲嗎？這里作者在質(zhì)疑乞力馬扎羅山是不是應(yīng)該被譽(yù)為一座擠滿了破壞寧靜氛圍的游客的擁擠的山峰，以此在對后面的回答做好鋪墊。故B選項切題。2019全國卷2完形填空及答案詳解 Its about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers home in Minnesota. During the long trip ho

20、me, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers _41_about the small dog he had seen _42_ alongside the road. He had _43_ to coax(哄) the dog to him but, frightened, it had _44_.Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that _45_ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove _46_. After a

21、long and careful _47_, Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving _48_ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with _49_. It just started licking(舔) Ehlers face.A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one _50_ as lost in the local paper.

22、 The ad had a _51_ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers _52_ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had _53_ their dog.Jeff had _54_ in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched _55_ for Rosie in the next four days.Ehlers ret

23、urned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “Its good to know theres still someone out there who _56_ enough to go to that kind of _57_,”says Lisa of Ehlers rescue _58_.“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as _59_ to it as I am to my

24、 dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, Id hope that somebody would be _60_ to go that extra mile.”41. A. readB. forgotC. thoughtD. heard42. A. fightingB. tremblingC. eatingD. sleeping43. A. triedB. agreedC. promisedD. regretted44. A. calmed downB. stood upC. rolled overD. run off45. A. injured

25、B. stolenC. lostD. rescued46. A. homeB. pastC. backD. on47. A. preparationB. explanationC. testD. search48. A. cautiouslyB. casuallyC. skillfullyD. angrily49. A. surpriseB. joyC. hesitationD. anxiety50. A. predictedB. advertisedC. believedD. recorded51. A. houseB. phoneC. streetD. car52. A. calledB.

26、 copiedC. countedD. remembered53. A. fedB. adoptedC. foundD. cured54. A. huntedB. skiedC. livedD. worked55. A. on purposeB. on timeC. in turnD. in vain56. A. caresB. seesC. suffersD. learns57. A. placeB. troubleC. wasteD. extreme58. A. serviceB. planC. effortD. team59. A. equalB. allergicC. grateful

27、D. close60. A. suitableB. proudC. wiseD. willing【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Ehlers在打獵時在路邊發(fā)現(xiàn)一只走失的小狗，他想哄它到自己身邊來，但未能成功。回家后，Ehlers還是很擔(dān)心這只狗，四天后他和朋友一起出去找到這只狗，并最終幫它找到了主人?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. read閱讀

28、；B. forgot忘記；C. thought想，思考；D. heard聽到。根據(jù)下文Ehlers和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此處是指Ehlers一直在想關(guān)于那只狗的事，故選C。【42題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. fighting戰(zhàn)斗；B. trembling發(fā)抖；C. eating吃；D. sleeping睡覺。根據(jù)下文作者去哄小狗可知，這只狗是在路邊發(fā)抖，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. tried嘗試，努力。；B. agreed同意；C. promised承諾；D. regretted后悔，遺憾。根據(jù)下文可知，他在盡力哄那只狗，try to do sth盡力做某事。故選A。【

29、44題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A. calmed down冷靜下來；B. stood up站起來；C. rolled over翻滾；D. run off跑開。他在盡力哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此處是指那只狗被嚇跑了。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. injured受傷的；B. stolen偷走的；C. lost丟失的；D. rescued獲救的。根據(jù)下文可知，這只狗是別人丟失的，因此此處用lost“丟失”。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A. home家；B. past過去的，從前的；C. back向后，回原處；D. on作用中，行動中。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers

30、給他的朋友Greg打電話，他們倆又驅(qū)車返回。根據(jù)上文可知，此處是指他們又返回到之前見到那只走失的狗的地方，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. preparation預(yù)備；準(zhǔn)備；B. explanation解釋；C. test測試；D. search尋找。根據(jù)下文Greg在越過田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此處是指他們在仔細(xì)尋找小狗，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A. cautiously慎重地，謹(jǐn)慎地；B. casually隨便地；偶然地；C. skillfully巧妙地；精巧地；D. angrily生氣地。根據(jù)文中提到的frightened, nervousness, f

31、ear等詞并結(jié)合上文，并根據(jù)下文Ehlers最終成功安撫了它可知，小狗非常的謹(jǐn)慎小心。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. surprise驚奇；B. joy開心，快樂；C. hesitation猶豫；D. anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)下文小狗開始舔Ehlers的臉可知，它不再害怕，而是很開心，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. predicted預(yù)言，預(yù)知；B. advertised做廣告；C. believed相信；D. recorded記錄。句意：當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€農(nóng)民告訴他們，這聽起來像是當(dāng)?shù)貓蠹埳峡堑哪侵粊G失的狗。根據(jù)本句的in the local paper及語境可知，此處

32、是指在報紙上刊登的。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. house房屋；B. phone電話；C. street街道；D. car汽車。根據(jù)下文Ehlers給狗的主人打電話可知，此處是指廣告上有電話號碼，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. called打電話；B. copied復(fù)制，復(fù)?。籆. counted計算；D. remembered記得。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處是指Ehlers給Jeff和Lisa（狗的主人）打了電話，故選A。【53題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. fed喂養(yǎng)；B. adopted收養(yǎng)；C. found找到；D. cured治愈。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，E

33、hlers給他們打電話是要告知他找到了他們的狗，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. hunted打獵；B. skied飛漲；C. lived生活；D. worked工作。根據(jù)下文狗聽到槍聲嚇跑了可知，此處是指Jeff帶著狗在打獵，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。A. on purpose有目的地，故意地；B. on time準(zhǔn)時；C. in turn反過來；轉(zhuǎn)而；D. in vain徒勞。根據(jù)上文Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丟失后沒有找到他的狗，故選D。【56題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. cares關(guān)心；B. sees看到；C. suffers遭受；D.

34、 learns獲知。句意：很高興知道還有那么一個人，他足夠關(guān)心你，會去做這樣麻煩的事。根據(jù)上文可知，此處是指Ehlers對狗足夠關(guān)心，故選A。【57題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. place地方；B. trouble麻煩；C. waste浪費(fèi)；D. extreme極端。根據(jù)上文Ehlers開車把那只小狗Rosie送到100英里遠(yuǎn)的機(jī)場，把它航空托運(yùn)到密歇根可知，這是件很麻煩的事情，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. service服務(wù)；B. plan計劃；C. effort努力；D. team團(tuán)隊。根據(jù)上文可知，此處是指Lisa在評論Ehlers幫助他們找回狗付出的努力，故選C。【5

35、9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. equal相等的；B. allergic對過敏的；C. grateful感謝的；D. close緊密的；親密的；親近的。句意：我想無論是誰丟了狗，可能就像我親近我的狗一樣親近它。根據(jù)下文Ehlers說的話可知，此處是指他對待那只狗就像對自己的狗一樣。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. suitable適當(dāng)?shù)?；相配的；B. proud自豪的；C. wise聰明的；D. willing樂意的。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根據(jù)上文語境可知，此處是表達(dá)他希望面對這樣的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去幫忙，be willing to do樂意做某事

36、。故選D。2019全國卷3完形填空及答案詳解 The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- _41_ six months out of the year.“Of course, we _42_ it when the sun is shining,” says Karin Ro, who works for the towns tourism office. “

37、We see the sky is _43_, but down in the valley its darker its like on a _44_ day.”But that _45_ when a system of high-tech _46_ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民) of Rjukan _47_ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row

38、of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to _48_. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that _49_ them to turn along with the sun throughout the _50_ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the towns central _51_, creating an area of sunl

39、ight roughly 600 square meters. When the light _52_, Rjukan residents gathered together.“People have been _53_ there and standing there and taking _54_ of each other,” Ro says. “The town square was totally _55_. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all _5

40、6_ the sunshine at the same time. _57_, the new light feels like more than enough for the towns _58_ residents.“Its not very _59_,” she says, “but it is enough when we are _60_.”41. A. onlyB. obviouslyC. nearlyD. precisely42. A. fearB. believeC. hearD. notice43. A. emptyB. blueC. highD. wide44. A. c

41、loudyB. normalC. differentD. warm45. A. helpedB. changedC. happenedD. mattered46. A. computersB. telescopesC. mirrorsD. cameras47. A. rememberedB. forecastedC. receivedD. imagined48. A. repairB. riskC. restD. use49. A. forbidsB. directsC. predictsD. follows50. A. dayB. nightC. monthD. year51. A. lib

42、raryB. hallC. squareD. street52. A. appearedB. returnedC. fadedD. stopped53. A. drivingB. hidingC. campingD. sitting54. A. picturesB. notesC. careD. hold55. A. newB. fullC. flatD. silent56. A. blockB. avoidC. enjoyD. store57. A. InsteadB. HoweverC. GraduallyD. Similarly58. A. nature-lovingB. energy-

43、savingC. weather-beatenD. sun-starved59. A. bigB. clearC. coldD. easy60. A. tryingB. waitingC. watchingD. sharing【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述北歐一個小鎮(zhèn)長達(dá)半年沒有陽光照射，為此當(dāng)?shù)卣诟浇纳巾敯惭b了一套鏡子設(shè)備把陽光反射到小鎮(zhèn)的廣場

44、，讓民眾享受到自然的陽光。41題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A. only僅僅；B. obviously顯然地；C. nearly幾乎；D. precisely準(zhǔn)確的。根據(jù)前文from late September to mid-March可知，從九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear聽見；D. notice注意。根據(jù)后文We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley its darker可知，我們看到天空是藍(lán)色的，但是到山谷的時候，就會變得更暗了，故可知太陽照耀

45、的時候，我們觀察得到，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue藍(lán)色的；C. high高的；D. wide寬的。根據(jù)常識可知，有太陽的時候，天空是藍(lán)色的，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. cloudy多云；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm溫暖的。根據(jù)前文down in the valley its darker可知，到山谷的時候，天變暗了，像陰天一樣，故選A。【45題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. helped幫助；B. changed改變；C. happened發(fā)生；D. mattered關(guān)系重大。根據(jù)后文可知，該鎮(zhèn)引入一套陽光反射鏡來改變這種情況，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. computers電腦；B. telescopes望遠(yuǎn)鏡；C. mirrors鏡子；D. cameras相機(jī)。根據(jù)后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，從附近的山頂上反射太陽光，故推知為一枚鏡子，故選C。【47題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. remembered記得；B. forecasted預(yù)報；C. received獲得，收到；D. imagined想象。根據(jù)句意可知，該鎮(zhèn)的居民獲