讀寫任務(wù)概括部分

1、“讀寫任務(wù)讀寫任務(wù)”題要求考生首先閱讀一篇大約題要求考生首先閱讀一篇大約200詞詞的短文，再用約的短文，再用約30詞概括短文全文或短文某個方詞概括短文全文或短文某個方面的內(nèi)容（滿分面的內(nèi)容（滿分5分），然后用約分），然后用約120詞就某個主詞就某個主題發(fā)表觀點。發(fā)表觀點時題中本身有內(nèi)容要點提題發(fā)表觀點。發(fā)表觀點時題中本身有內(nèi)容要點提示（滿分示（滿分20分）分） 。該題型中的該題型中的“概括概括”與與“闡述觀闡述觀點或描寫經(jīng)歷點或描寫經(jīng)歷”是一個有機(jī)的整體。是一個有機(jī)的整體。 “讀寫任務(wù)讀寫任務(wù)”型寫作對考生的概括能力、邏輯思型寫作對考生的概括能力、邏輯思維能力和信息組織能力都提出了較高的要求。

2、維能力和信息組織能力都提出了較高的要求。要求考生首先要讀懂閱讀材料，并簡潔地概括要求考生首先要讀懂閱讀材料，并簡潔地概括材料內(nèi)容。這一部分對考生而言，材料內(nèi)容。這一部分對考生而言，找準(zhǔn)文章的找準(zhǔn)文章的主題句與關(guān)鍵詞尤為重要。主題句與關(guān)鍵詞尤為重要。第二部分則要求銜第二部分則要求銜接自然，主題明確，觀點鮮明，表達(dá)連貫，結(jié)接自然，主題明確，觀點鮮明，表達(dá)連貫，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。構(gòu)完整。 如何以約如何以約30詞概括短文的大意？詞概括短文的大意？概括短文大意就是概括性轉(zhuǎn)述短文。它要求刪去次要的、概括短文大意就是概括性轉(zhuǎn)述短文。它要求刪去次要的、解釋性的和修飾性的內(nèi)容，并要求對內(nèi)容進(jìn)行必要的抽解釋性的和修飾性的

3、內(nèi)容，并要求對內(nèi)容進(jìn)行必要的抽象，象，再用自己的語言加以組織和概括再用自己的語言加以組織和概括，從而使得文章更，從而使得文章更簡明，讓人們在很短的時間內(nèi)就知道了文章的主要內(nèi)容。簡明，讓人們在很短的時間內(nèi)就知道了文章的主要內(nèi)容。分值分值評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)5按照要求概括了原文的全部主要信息，沒有增加與原文無按照要求概括了原文的全部主要信息，沒有增加與原文無關(guān)的信息，沒有照抄原文的句子。語言結(jié)構(gòu)正確，行文規(guī)關(guān)的信息，沒有照抄原文的句子。語言結(jié)構(gòu)正確，行文規(guī)范。范。 4基本按照要求概括了原文的主要信息，沒有增加與原文無基本按照要求概括了原文的主要信息，沒有增加與原文無關(guān)的信息，沒有照抄原文的句子。語言結(jié)

4、構(gòu)正確，行文規(guī)關(guān)的信息，沒有照抄原文的句子。語言結(jié)構(gòu)正確，行文規(guī)范。范。 3基本按照要求概括了原文的主要信息，但包含一些不相關(guān)基本按照要求概括了原文的主要信息，但包含一些不相關(guān)的信息，有個別句子抄自原文。語言結(jié)構(gòu)基本正確，行文的信息，有個別句子抄自原文。語言結(jié)構(gòu)基本正確，行文比較規(guī)范。比較規(guī)范。2不能按照要求概括原文的主要信息，包含較多不相關(guān)的信不能按照要求概括原文的主要信息，包含較多不相關(guān)的信息，有較多的抄襲。語言結(jié)構(gòu)不夠準(zhǔn)確，行文不夠規(guī)范。息，有較多的抄襲。語言結(jié)構(gòu)不夠準(zhǔn)確，行文不夠規(guī)范。 1-0沒有按照要求概括原文的主要信息，基本是不相關(guān)的信息，沒有按照要求概括原文的主要信息，基本是不相

5、關(guān)的信息，大多數(shù)句子都抄自原文。語言結(jié)構(gòu)不準(zhǔn)確，行文不規(guī)范。大多數(shù)句子都抄自原文。語言結(jié)構(gòu)不準(zhǔn)確，行文不規(guī)范。 常用方法：要點合并法，段落大意合并法常用方法：要點合并法，段落大意合并法 常用技巧：重組要點，同義改寫常用技巧：重組要點，同義改寫能力要求：全面，簡明，連貫?zāi)芰σ螅喝?，簡明，連貫【寫作內(nèi)容【寫作內(nèi)容】 假設(shè)你就是信中的假設(shè)你就是信中的Ari，父親在你出生的時候?qū)懥诉@，父親在你出生的時候?qū)懥诉@封信。今天是父親封信。今天是父親50歲生日，你準(zhǔn)備以寫信的方式，歲生日，你準(zhǔn)備以寫信的方式，祝賀他的生日。以下是信的內(nèi)容祝賀他的生日。以下是信的內(nèi)容 （信的開頭和結(jié)尾已（信的開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)為你

6、寫好）：經(jīng)為你寫好）：1. 以約以約30個詞概括父親在他信中對你的期望；個詞概括父親在他信中對你的期望；2. 以約以約120個詞表達(dá)你對父親的感恩，并包括如下要點：個詞表達(dá)你對父親的感恩，并包括如下要點：1） 讀信后的感受；讀信后的感受；2） 以你自己成長的經(jīng)歷說明你的感受；以你自己成長的經(jīng)歷說明你的感受；3） 表達(dá)你對父親的感激和祝福。表達(dá)你對父親的感激和祝福。原文：原文：I intend to bring you up to be brave and successful in an often difficult society. Thats why your mommy and I h

7、ave named you Ari，which means “l(fā)ion”. Its our hope that you will grow strong and eagerly grasp every opportunity to do well for yourself and others.同義改寫同義改寫1： I deeply understand your expectation that I grow strong and brave. You also wanted me to catch every chance to be a successful man and be hel

8、pful to the society. 同義改寫同義改寫2： You wished me to be strong-minded and successful. You were looking forward to seeing me fight for my future bravely and do well for myself and others.答題步驟答題步驟1.閱讀寫作內(nèi)容、主題和要點提示；根據(jù)這些閱讀寫作內(nèi)容、主題和要點提示；根據(jù)這些 提示，閱讀語篇找出主題句和關(guān)鍵詞。提示，閱讀語篇找出主題句和關(guān)鍵詞。（2013年高考廣東卷）年高考廣東卷）以約以約120個詞談?wù)勀銓ζ椒补?/p>

9、作的想法，內(nèi)容包括：個詞談?wù)勀銓ζ椒补ぷ鞯南敕?，?nèi)容包括：（1）描述清潔工工作的艱辛；）描述清潔工工作的艱辛；（2）假如沒有清潔工，環(huán)境會變得如何？）假如沒有清潔工，環(huán)境會變得如何？（3）你對平凡工作者的看法。）你對平凡工作者的看法。（2013年高考廣東卷）年高考廣東卷）以約以約120個詞談?wù)勀銓ζ椒补ぷ鞯南敕ǎ瑑?nèi)容包括：個詞談?wù)勀銓ζ椒补ぷ鞯南敕?，?nèi)容包括：（1）描述清潔工工作的艱辛；）描述清潔工工作的艱辛；（2）假如沒有清潔工，環(huán)境會變得如何？）假如沒有清潔工，環(huán)境會變得如何？（3）你對平凡工作者的看法。）你對平凡工作者的看法。To many people, even the word “

10、work” soundsunpleasant. These people simply do not enjoy the job they are doing. It does not give them any real satisfaction. It may be quite easy, but it is very boring. No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect. Society cannot function a sin

11、gle day without the “dull and boring” jobs.答題步驟答題步驟2.根據(jù)語篇的主題，精兵裁員，削枝葉，保留其根據(jù)語篇的主題，精兵裁員，削枝葉，保留其 中最能概括短文內(nèi)容的語句。中最能概括短文內(nèi)容的語句。 To many people, even the word “work” soundsunpleasant. These people simply do not enjoy the job they are doing. It does not give them any real satisfaction. It may be quite easy,

12、but it is very boring. No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect. Society cannot function a single day without the “dull and boring” jobs.Many people do not enjoy the job they are doing. It may be quite easy, but it is very boring. No matter h

13、ow ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.Many people do not enjoy the job they are doing. It may be quite easy, but it is very boring. No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.答題步驟答題步驟3.對這些語句進(jìn)行同義

14、改寫，自然銜接，使之成對這些語句進(jìn)行同義改寫，自然銜接，使之成 為一個連貫的語段。為一個連貫的語段。 Many people complain about the job they are doing because they find it easy and boring. However,every ordinary job plays an important part in society so we should show respect for them. (33words)通過這三個步驟之后，可以清晰發(fā)現(xiàn)上面這個通過這三個步驟之后，可以清晰發(fā)現(xiàn)上面這個語段的內(nèi)容與短文的內(nèi)容相一致

15、，符合語段的內(nèi)容與短文的內(nèi)容相一致，符合“全面、全面、精煉、準(zhǔn)確精煉、準(zhǔn)確”的要求。語段中的句子來源于上面的要求。語段中的句子來源于上面的短文，但不是直接引用和抄摘短文中的句子。的短文，但不是直接引用和抄摘短文中的句子。 Many people complain about the job they are doing because they find it easy and boring. However,every ordinary job is an essential part in society sowe should show respect for them. (33word

16、s)（2011年高考廣東卷）年高考廣東卷）以約以約120個詞講述一次你（或你的朋友）想家的經(jīng)歷，個詞講述一次你（或你的朋友）想家的經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：內(nèi)容包括：時間、地點和起因；時間、地點和起因；想家給學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來的影響；想家給學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來的影響；你（或你朋友）是如何應(yīng)對的。你（或你朋友）是如何應(yīng)對的。Sam went to a boarding school. He would not be able to go home every weekend. He tried as much as he could to fit in but could not because his mind

17、was at home. He started feeling homesick and wanted to go home as soon as possible. He got sick soon because he could not eat the school food. He could not concentrate in the classroom. Sam went to a boarding school. He would not be able to go home every weekend. He tried as much as he could to fit

18、in but could not because his mind was at home. He started feeling homesick and wanted to go home as soon as possible. He got sick soon because he could not eat the school food. He could not concentrate in the classroom. 精兵裁員后精兵裁員后Sam went to a boarding school. He would not be able to go home every w

19、eekend. He started feeling homesick. He tried as much as he could to fit in butcould not. He got sick soon. He could not concentrate in the classroom. Sam went to a boarding school. He would not be able to go home every weekend. He started feeling homesick. He tried as much as he could to fit in but

20、could not. He got sick soon. He could not concentrate in the classroom. 同義改寫后同義改寫后 Sam was studying in a boarding school and couldnt go home every weekend, so he began tofeel homesick. Because of homesickness, he fell ill and couldnt concentrate on his studies.(31words)2009年高考廣東卷年高考廣東卷以約以約120個詞就以個詞就

21、以“該不該禁止旅客和動物拍照該不該禁止旅客和動物拍照”進(jìn)行議論，進(jìn)行議論，內(nèi)容包括：內(nèi)容包括：（1） 人們在參觀動物時為什么喜歡和動物拍照；人們在參觀動物時為什么喜歡和動物拍照；（2）假如你處在動物的處境，你會有什么反應(yīng)；）假如你處在動物的處境，你會有什么反應(yīng)；（3）你認(rèn)為是否應(yīng)該禁止游客和動物拍照。）你認(rèn)為是否應(yīng)該禁止游客和動物拍照。找出與主題相關(guān)的詞組和語句。找出與主題相關(guān)的詞組和語句。All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. The reason Jackie and her fellow koala are repeatedly

22、 awoken from their deep sleep is so they can be hugged or photographed by tourists. Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make practice illegal.All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. The reason Jackie and her fellow koala are repeatedly awo

23、ken from their deep sleep is so they can be hugged or photographed by tourists. Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make practice illegal.精兵裁員精兵裁員All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. Jackie and her fellow koala are repeatedly awoken fro

24、m their deep sleep. They can be hugged or photographed by tourists. the Aussie government isnow moving to make practice illegal.All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. Jackie and her fellow koala are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep. They can be hugged or photographed by tourists. t

25、he Aussie government isnow moving to make practice illegal.同義改寫，形成語段同義改寫，形成語段Tourists repeatedly awake the koalas in order tohug and photograph them, which make these animals unhappy. Therefore, the Aussie governmentwill put a ban on these practices of the tourists. (31words)2010年年Ethan, was addicte

26、d to TV. Then one day Ethans mother made him an offer in order to draw him back to his school subjects. His mom paid him $200. He went out and bought a TV, the biggest he could find. In recent years, hundreds of schools have carried out experiments with paying kids with each for showing up or gettin

27、g good grades. All school kids admire this trend. But it upsets adults. 2010年年Ethan, was addicted to TV. Then one day Ethans mothermade him an offer in order to draw him back to his schoolsubjects. His mom paid him $200. He went out and boughta TV, the biggest he could find. In recent years, hundred

28、sof schools have carried out experiments with paying kids with cash for showing up or getting good grades. All schoolkids admire this trend. But it upsets adults. 精兵裁員精兵裁員Ethan, was addicted to TV. In order to draw him back to his school subjects, his mom paid him $200. He went outand bought a TV. with paying kids with cash for showingup or getting good grades. All school kids admire this trend. But it upsets adults. 精兵裁員精兵裁員Ethan, was