高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)檢測units5-6

1、 高三高三 第一輪復(fù)習(xí)第一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 5 必會(huì)習(xí)語必會(huì)習(xí)語 SPEAKING 1. while still a student = while she was still a student 還是個(gè)還是個(gè)學(xué)生的時(shí)候（狀語從句的省略現(xiàn)象）學(xué)生的時(shí)候（狀語從句的省略現(xiàn)象） (you) Dont talk while (you are) eating. When (he was) asked how he gained first place, he suddenly became cheerful. The boys will go out to play football whenever

2、 (it is) possible. I wont go to his birthday party unless (I am) invited. 2. play/act a role 扮演角色扮演角色 play the role of. play a part/role in. 在在.中起作用中起作用 3. after graduating/graduation (from.) 畢業(yè)以后畢業(yè)以后 4. work as an actress 做演員做演員 work on 從事于；從事于； 制作制作 5. during/in the 1980s 二十世紀(jì)八十年代二十世紀(jì)八十年代 6. make

3、money 賺錢賺錢 earn money make/earn a living 謀生謀生 graduate v.畢業(yè)畢業(yè) n.畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)生 graduation n. 畢業(yè)畢業(yè)I graduated in Chinese. 中文系畢業(yè)中文系畢業(yè) I am a graduate. graduate from 從從地方畢業(yè)地方畢業(yè) I graduated from university last year. After graduating from middle school, he had to find a job to help support his family.GETTING TO

4、 KNOW STEVEN SPIELBERG 7. make a film blockbusterfollow-ups 拍電影拍電影/巨巨片續(xù)集片續(xù)集 8. The reasonis that. 原因是原因是 This is because. 這是因?yàn)檫@是因?yàn)? for this reason ; for some reason; for some reasons the reason for +n./doing sth the reason why/ for which. 定語從句定語從句 reason 與與 cause 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 cause of the fire/accident 9

5、. take off 起飛；脫掉；成名起飛；脫掉；成名; 開始流行暢銷開始流行暢銷 ，走紅，走紅10. by the sea 在海邊；在海邊； by sea 乘船；乘船； in the sea 在海里在海里 on the sea 在海面上在海面上 at sea 在海上；航海中；茫然在海上；航海中；茫然 11. be afraid to do sth 不敢作某事不敢作某事 be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事害怕做某事 be afraid that 擔(dān)心；恐怕?lián)模豢峙?12. come from outer space 來自外部空間來自外部空間 13. cuttearinto

6、 pieces 把把切撕成碎片切撕成碎片 cut/tear . into halves 把把.切切/撕成兩半撕成兩半 14. do research (in/into.) 搞研究搞研究 15. go wrong 出錯(cuò)；出故障；走錯(cuò)道出錯(cuò)；出故障；走錯(cuò)道 do a little wrong 16. in the end 最后；終于最后；終于 at the end of在在末尾盡頭末尾盡頭 by the end of 到到末為止末為止 17. meat-eating dinosaurs 食肉恐龍食肉恐龍 18. owe sth to sb. = owe sb sth 把把歸功于；感謝；欠（債）歸功

7、于；感謝；欠（債） WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR 19. cant help doing sth 情不自禁，情不自禁， 忍不住做某事忍不住做某事 cant help do sth 不能幫忙做某事不能幫忙做某事 20. pass the exam 考試及格考試及格 fail (in) the exam 考試不及格考試不及格 NOT ONE LESS 21. a thirteen-year-old girl 十三歲小姑娘十三歲小姑娘 a girl of thirteen years old; a girl of thirteen years of age; a girl age

8、d thirteen 22. stay/be away for a month 離開離開/外出一個(gè)月外出一個(gè)月 23. take ones place; take the place of 代替代替 24. lock up 把把鎖起來鎖起來 ，關(guān)押，關(guān)押 lock in把把關(guān)在里面關(guān)在里面 Lock sb out 將將sb鎖在外面鎖在外面25. run after 追趕；追趕； 追求；追求； 追捕追捕 be after尋找尋找 name after 以以命名命名 one after another一個(gè)接一個(gè)一個(gè)接一個(gè)26. escape (from). 從從.逃離逃離 escape from

9、/ flee (from) /run away from a country escape doing sth ； escape being caught 沒有被抓住沒有被抓住 catch sb doing sth; be caught doing sth 補(bǔ)充補(bǔ)充help (1) help (sb.) (to) do sth. (2) help.with sth. 幫助幫助做某事做某事 (3) help oneself / sb. to sth. 給自己給自己 / 別人夾菜別人夾菜 / 拿煙拿煙 等；擅自拿用等；擅自拿用 May I help you to some more vegetab

10、les? (4) help.in sth. 在在方面幫助某人方面幫助某人 (5) help out 幫忙幫忙 (做事；克服困難等做事；克服困難等) Ive often helped Bob out when hes been a bit short of money.27. run away from school 逃學(xué)逃學(xué) skip classes 28. determine to do sth；make up ones mind；decide make a decision 做出決定做出決定 be determined to do sth 決意決意/ 決心做某事決心做某事 29. go t

11、o town 進(jìn)城進(jìn)城 in town 在城里在城里 go to the country in the country 30. on the air 正在廣播正在廣播; 播送播送 =be broadcast go on the air 開始廣播開始廣播 go off the air 停止廣播停止廣播 in the air在空中在空中; (消息等消息等)在傳播在傳播, 懸而未決的懸而未決的 by air = by plane 31.(參考綠色通道參考綠色通道) live adj 活的（動(dòng)物）；活的（動(dòng)物）； 現(xiàn)場現(xiàn)場直播的；直播的； adv. 以實(shí)況的以實(shí)況的 living adj 活著的；活著

12、的； 有生命的；現(xiàn)行的（前有生命的；現(xiàn)行的（前置定語；表語）置定語；表語） alive adj 活著的，活著的， （ 后置定語；后置定語； 表語）表語） a living language 現(xiàn)行的語言現(xiàn)行的語言 the greatest living poet 當(dāng)代最偉大的詩人當(dāng)代最偉大的詩人 a live fish 活魚活魚 the live gala on New Years Eve 直播的新直播的新年除夕晚會(huì)年除夕晚會(huì) the only man alive 唯一還活著的人唯一還活著的人 32. all the other pupils 所有其他學(xué)生所有其他學(xué)生 33. in ones o

13、wn words 用自己的話用自己的話 in other words 換句話說換句話說 34. make comments on / make a comment on 對對發(fā)表評論發(fā)表評論 35. give ones opinions about 對對發(fā)表意見發(fā)表意見 express oneself 36. 表贊賞的詞有：表贊賞的詞有：(1) think / speak highly / well / much.of: The people think very highly of him.表認(rèn)為不好的詞有：表認(rèn)為不好的詞有：(2) think little / badly / poorly

14、 / nothing.of: Joan thought little of walking two miles to school.37. encourage sb to do sth WORKBOOK 38. at a high /low price 以高以高/低價(jià)低價(jià) 39. accept ones apology 接受某人的道歉接受某人的道歉 apologize to sb for ; make an apology to sb for. 向某人道歉向某人道歉 40. break down 出故障；出故障； 壞了；分解壞了；分解 break up 拆散拆散 41. at full / h

15、igh speed 高速高速 at a speed of 100 miles per hour speed up加速加速 speed by 飛馳而過飛馳而過 42. the World Cup Final 世界杯決賽世界杯決賽 43. observe / go by /obey the law 遵守法律遵守法律 break the law 44. give sb a second look 再看某人一眼再看某人一眼 45. make a fool of sb 愚弄某人愚弄某人 = fool sb. 46. depend on / rely on 依靠，依靠， 依賴依賴 47. stand by

16、 sb 支持某人支持某人 support sb /take sbs side 48. encourage sb to do sth 鼓勵(lì)某人干某事鼓勵(lì)某人干某事 49. lead the life of a real princess 過上真正過上真正的公主生活的公主生活 50. make ones career 在事業(yè)上有所成就在事業(yè)上有所成就 51. be clear about 對對清楚清楚 52. comparewith把把和和比較比較 compare.to. 把把.比作比作. compared to/with 與與.相比相比 Compared to men, fewer women

17、smoke in China. Unit 6 必會(huì)習(xí)語必會(huì)習(xí)語 Warming up & Speaking 1. mean + n./doing sth 意思是；意味著意思是；意味著 mean +n. /to do sth/ that-clause 打算；意欲；有打算；意欲；有的意圖的意圖 mean sb to do sth. 打算（使讓）某人作某事打算（使讓）某人作某事 He meant no harm to you. / He meant you no harm. He means his son to become a doctor. Table Manners At A Din

18、ner Party 2. for the first time “第一次第一次” (作狀語作狀語) the first time “第一次第一次”(相當(dāng)于連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間相當(dāng)于連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從狀語從句句) This is the first time that. “這是第這是第次作某事了次作某事了” (從句中用從句中用完成時(shí)完成時(shí)) On that day the scientist took us to the lab for the first time. The first time we met, she wore a pair of glasses. This is the first

19、 time that I have been here. 3. make / leave / create a good impression （on sb） 留下好印象留下好印象 impress on sb be impressed by/with 對對.留下印象留下印象 4. drink a toast 祝酒祝酒 drink to+n. 為為.干杯干杯 drink to sbs health / drink to sb. drink n. soft drink a hot drink / a cooling drink Too much drink made him feel ill.dr

20、ink to 為為而干杯而干杯 祝酒用語，用于祝酒用語，用于不太正式的場合不太正式的場合，to 為介詞，為介詞，后接名后接名詞。詞。 I drink to your success. Lets drink to the good harvest this year. 讓我們?yōu)榻衲甑拇筘S收干杯。讓我們?yōu)榻衲甑拇筘S收干杯。 注意：注意：正式場合正式場合下要用：下要用：Id like to propose a toast to 或或 I now propose a toast to Id like to propose a toast to the health of the guests. 我提議

21、為來賓的健康干杯。我提議為來賓的健康干杯。 raise ones glass 舉杯舉杯5. keep silent 保持沉默保持沉默 6. for a moment(一會(huì)兒一會(huì)兒); in a moment（過一會(huì)兒）過一會(huì)兒）; at the moment（此時(shí)）（此時(shí)）; after a moment（過了一會(huì)兒）（過了一會(huì)兒） for the moment（暫時(shí)）（暫時(shí)）; at any moment（隨時(shí)）（隨時(shí)） 7. at table 在吃飯?jiān)诔燥?“吃飯，就餐吃飯，就餐You shouldnt speak loudly at table.吃飯時(shí)你不該高聲講話吃飯時(shí)你不該高聲講話。

22、 at the (a) table 表示表示“在桌子旁在桌子旁” He sat at the table，reading a novel 他坐在桌子旁，看小說。他坐在桌子旁，看小說。 It is bad manners to blow your nose at table 進(jìn)餐時(shí)擤鼻子是很不雅觀的舉止。進(jìn)餐時(shí)擤鼻子是很不雅觀的舉止。8will 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表意愿表意愿,決心決心,可用于可用于if條件句中條件句中 Youd better not drink too much if you drive home after the party. He will come to see y

23、ou if he has time. If you will turn down the TV. There is really too much noise. If you will read the book, I can lend it to you. 9. take a sip 呡一小口呡一小口 in the hospital / in hospital in bed(躺躺)在床上在床上 in the prison / in prison /go to the prison /go to prison in the church / in church / go to the chur

24、ch / go to church go to the school / go to school10. change over time 經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間 11. follow the fashion of the day 跟隨時(shí)尚跟隨時(shí)尚 12. lay the table 擺桌子擺桌子 13. serve the dishes 上菜上菜 serve the people 為人民服務(wù)為人民服務(wù) serve in the army 服役服役 This restaurant serves Chinese food. (供應(yīng)供應(yīng)) be served with提供提供的服務(wù)的服務(wù);上上的

25、菜的菜 LANGUAGE STUDY 14. mixwith 把把和和混合混合 be mixed with 15. extra information 額外信息額外信息 16. leave out 省略省略 17. wish you all the best = best wishes for you. wish you success /successful May you succeed Workbook Exercises 18. look forward to +n./doing 盼望盼望;期盼期盼 19. stare at 盯著看盯著看 20. pay the bill 買單；付帳單

26、買單；付帳單 May I have the bill, please? 21. behave oneself 注意自己的言行舉止注意自己的言行舉止 behavior 22. It is certain that 肯定肯定 It is uncertain whether/when, etc. Sb +be sure/certain to do sth 一定會(huì)做某事一定會(huì)做某事 Sb +be sure/certain about/of. 對對.有把握有把握 Sb +be sure/certain that. 相信相信. Sb +be not sure/certain whether/what. 2

27、3. fairy tales 童話童話 24. belong to 屬于屬于 (不用被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行時(shí)不用被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行時(shí)) 25. direct the traffic 指揮交通指揮交通 26. produce / make /generate electricity 發(fā)電發(fā)電 27. hang (hanged/hanged) oneself vt. 上吊；上吊；絞死絞死 hang-hung-hung 懸掛；懸掛；vi. & vt. 28. The Hope Project 希望工程希望工程 Good Manners in the World 29. communicate with 與與交流

28、交流 30. look( right) into sbs eyes/face 直直/注視著注視著 31. blow ones nose 擤鼻涕擤鼻涕 32. in public 在公共場所在公共場所 make .public ; the public 33. make jokes about 拿拿開玩笑；開玩笑； 講笑話講笑話 play a joke on sb ; have a joke about 34. at home and abroad 在國內(nèi)外在國內(nèi)外 35. give sb. some advice on sth / doing sth/how to do sth 給某人提建議給

29、某人提建議 take/follow sbs advice 聽某人的勸告聽某人的勸告 36. lead sb to do sth 導(dǎo)致某人做某事導(dǎo)致某人做某事 lead to sb doing sth 37. pay a visit to sb/a place 拜訪拜訪,參觀參觀 call on sb / call at a place drop in (on sb) / (at a place) 注意注意下列詞的正確形式下列詞的正確形式herowillingactivepeacefulprisonlawadvisecontinueyouthacceptviolencepeacefullypri

30、sonerunwillingnadvnlawyer adjheroicwillpeace nactn律師律師nactivityvadviceadj反義詞反義詞continuouscontinuouslyyoungacceptableviolentviolentlyadjadvadjadjadvequaleducatedterrorfearcrueltycriminalsincerelyWeighfearfulfearfullyequalitycrueladjadvcruellyncrime advequallyterriblenadjeducateadjnadjeducationvsincer

31、e反義詞反義詞weightweighty adjn單詞聚焦單詞聚焦 1. afford (1) (和和can，could，be able to連用連用) 有有 (時(shí)間、時(shí)間、經(jīng)濟(jì)等經(jīng)濟(jì)等) 條件條件(做某事做某事) + to do We cant afford to pay such a price. afford + n. / pron. (出得起；買得起等出得起；買得起等) They do not consider whether they can afford it or not. (2) 經(jīng)得起經(jīng)得起 (做某事或發(fā)生某事做某事或發(fā)生某事) (多多+to do) He could not

32、 afford to lose his fortune entirely.2. Apologize 構(gòu)詞：構(gòu)詞：apology n. 辯解，道歉辯解，道歉 搭配：搭配： apologize to sb for (doing) sth = make an apology to sb for (doing) sth向某人為某事向某人為某事(為為做了某事做了某事)道歉道歉 apologize for oneself 為自己辯解或辯護(hù)為自己辯解或辯護(hù)【考例】【考例】NMET 1993The captain _ an apology to the passengers for the delay cau

33、sed by bad weather. A. made B. said C. put D. passed A3. Choice 搭配：搭配： make a choice 選擇選擇 make choice of 挑選，選擇，選定挑選，選擇，選定 make / take ones choice 任意挑選任意挑選 have no choice but to do sth 非非不可，不可，除除之外別無他法之外別無他法【考例】【考例】Weve missed the last bus, Im afraid we have no _ but to take a taxi. A. way B. choice

34、C. possibility D. selectionB4. Determine 構(gòu)詞：構(gòu)詞：determination n. 決心，決斷，決決心，決斷，決意；決定，確定意；決定，確定 搭配：搭配： determine to do sth 決定做某事決定做某事 determine on / upon (doing) sth 決定決定 a man of determination 有決斷力的人有決斷力的人 辨析：辨析：decide；determine這兩個(gè)詞都這兩個(gè)詞都有有“決定決定”的意思。的意思。decide的含義是的含義是“不不再遲疑不定再遲疑不定”，而，而determine含義是含義是“

35、把某件事確定下來把某件事確定下來”。 提示提示: decide后跟賓語從句時(shí)，其含義后跟賓語從句時(shí)，其含義有有時(shí)時(shí)是是“斷定斷定”。I decided that I must have taken a wrong turning somewhere. 我斷定我一定是在某處拐錯(cuò)彎了。我斷定我一定是在某處拐錯(cuò)彎了。在在be determined to do這個(gè)固定的結(jié)構(gòu)中。這個(gè)固定的結(jié)構(gòu)中。過去分詞過去分詞determined的詞義為的詞義為“下定了決心下定了決心”。decide的名詞為的名詞為decision， 例如：例如：At first，she decided to go to the po

36、lice， 起初，她決定去找警察起初，她決定去找警察【考例】【考例】Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must _ the parts that are wrong. A. check B. determine C. correct D. recover 注：注：在在determine to do.，determine on (upon). 和和determine that.。(賓語從句賓語從句)三個(gè)搭配中，三個(gè)搭配中，determine的詞義和的詞義和de

37、cide幾乎沒有多大差異幾乎沒有多大差異。He determined / decided to learn medicine. 他決定學(xué)醫(yī)。他決定學(xué)醫(yī)。注：注：decide sb to do sth 決定使某人做某事決定使某人做某事 What decided you to give up your job? 什么因素使你決定放棄你的工作什么因素使你決定放棄你的工作?B5. Encourage 構(gòu)詞：構(gòu)詞： encouraging adj. 鼓勵(lì)的，給予希望的，振鼓勵(lì)的，給予希望的，振奮人心的。令人歡欣鼓舞的奮人心的。令人歡欣鼓舞的 encouraged adj. 被激勵(lì)的，受到鼓舞的被激勵(lì)的，

38、受到鼓舞的 encouragement n. 鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì) discourage v. 使泄氣；勸阻使泄氣；勸阻 搭配：搭配： encourage sb to do sth 鼓勵(lì)某人鼓勵(lì)某人做某事做某事 be encouraged by 受受鼓勵(lì)鼓舞鼓勵(lì)鼓舞【考例】【考例】 My advisor encouraged _a summer course to improve my writing skills. A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take D6. escape (vi, vt ) escape

39、d, escaping (1) 從從逃走；跑掉逃走；跑掉 + from / out of = run away from The soldier escaped from the enemys prison. (2)逃脫；逃避逃脫；逃避 + n. / doing He narrowly escaped death / being killed. Theres no way to escape doing the work. escape還可表示還可表示：（液體等）漏出（液體等）漏出 Gas escaping from the pipe 煤氣從管中漏出煤氣從管中漏出Water escaped r

40、apidly from the drainpipe. 水從排水管中迅速流出。水從排水管中迅速流出。 避免避免Escape death 免于一死免于一死There is no escaping him. 怎么也避不開他。怎么也避不開他。 疏忽，忽略疏忽，忽略 Nothing escaped his attention. 什么也逃不什么也逃不過他的注意。過他的注意。 You cannot expect that something may escape the teachers attention. 你不要奢望有你不要奢望有什么能逃過老師的注意。什么能逃過老師的注意。escape n 逃走逃走 T

41、he thief made his escape. 小偷逃走了。小偷逃走了。 （氣體）漏出，泄出；解悶（氣體）漏出，泄出；解悶She reads love stories as an escape. 她讀愛情小說解悶。她讀愛情小說解悶。7. impression n. 印象印象 (1) impression (on sb.) (給某人給某人)印象印象His speech made a strong impression on his audience. (2) impression (of sth.) (對某事物對某事物)印象；想法印象；想法Thats my first impression

42、of the new college. (3) impress sb. with sth. 給予某人深刻印象給予某人深刻印象 = impress sth. on sb. 使某人銘記使某人銘記 The teacher impressed on his students the importance of speaking. = The teacher impressed his students with the importance of speaking.8. Interrupt vt, vi 阻斷；中斷阻斷；中斷 Dont interrupt me. 別打斷我。別打斷我。Traffic i

43、n the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市內(nèi)交通被暴風(fēng)雪市內(nèi)交通被暴風(fēng)雪所阻斷所阻斷。 打岔；插嘴打岔；插嘴 It is rude to interrupt. 打斷別人的話，是不禮貌的。打斷別人的話，是不禮貌的。 “Dont interrupt,” he said.“別插話別插話, ”他說。他說。構(gòu)詞：構(gòu)詞： interrupter n. 打岔者，打斷者打岔者，打斷者 interruption n. 打岔打斷，使中斷的事物打岔打斷，使中斷的事物【考例】【考例】Be quiet! Its rude to _ people when they are

44、talking. A. stop B. introduce C. prevent D. interruptD9. marry (1) vi. 結(jié)婚結(jié)婚 He didnt marry until he was fifty. (2) vt. 和和結(jié)婚結(jié)婚 Jean is going to marry Hubert. (3) vt. (父母父母)嫁嫁(女兒女兒) He married his daughter to a businessman. (4) vt. (教士等教士等) 為為主持結(jié)婚儀式主持結(jié)婚儀式 Weve come to ask if you will marry them. 比較比較

45、(1) get married (to sb.) 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作 His oldest girl got married last month. (2) be married (to sb.) 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài) How long have you been married?10. Moment n.(文中句文中句) 片刻；瞬間片刻；瞬間 He will be here in a moment. 他一會(huì)兒就來。他一會(huì)兒就來。At the moment I am working. 此刻我正在工作。此刻我正在工作。 時(shí)機(jī)；機(jī)遇；時(shí)宜時(shí)機(jī)；機(jī)遇；時(shí)宜 Choose your moment to vi

46、sit him. 你選個(gè)合適的時(shí)機(jī)去拜訪他。你選個(gè)合適的時(shí)機(jī)去拜訪他。 重要性重要性 a matter of great moment 一件極重要的事情一件極重要的事情搭配：搭配： at any moment 隨時(shí)；在任何時(shí)候；馬上隨時(shí)；在任何時(shí)候；馬上 at the last moment 在最后關(guān)頭在最后關(guān)頭 at the moment 此刻；此刻；(正當(dāng)正當(dāng))那時(shí)那時(shí) every moment 時(shí)時(shí)刻刻時(shí)時(shí)刻刻 for a moment 片刻片刻 in a moment 一會(huì)兒，不久；立即，馬上一會(huì)兒，不久；立即，馬上 the moment (that). 一一就就【考例】【考例】Can

47、 I? I dont think I can, Racy said with a laugh. But I do have _ when things come to me for no reason. A. events B. chances C. feelings D. moments D311. owe.to. 受到恩惠；歸功于受到恩惠；歸功于(1) 欠欠(錢錢) owe sb. money = owe money to sb.I owe 50 to my tailor. = I owe my tailor 50.(2) 得過得過(某人的某人的)好處；欠好處；欠(某人的某人的)人情債人情

48、債We owe a great deal to our parents and teachers.(3) 應(yīng)當(dāng)給予應(yīng)當(dāng)給予 You owe me an apology.(4) 應(yīng)歸功于；應(yīng)歸功于； We owe the general theory of relativity to Einstein.拓展拓展表示表示“由于由于”的詞組：的詞組：owing to / because of / thanks to / due to / as a result of1). because of = on account of = by reason of 由于（根據(jù)）由于（根據(jù)）原因原因 e.g.

49、On account of the storm, the sports meeting was postponed.2). due to (=caused by) (形容詞性短語形容詞性短語) e.g. His absence is due to the storm.句首、句尾均可使用句首、句尾均可使用,多做狀語多做狀語常做表語常做表語(現(xiàn)代英語中也有做狀現(xiàn)代英語中也有做狀語的語的)，但不能置于句首。，但不能置于句首。3). thanks to 幸虧幸虧、感謝、感謝 e.g. Thanks to science, we are now living a better life than our

50、 ancestors.4). owing to (副詞性短語副詞性短語)They decided to stop the project, owing to the lack of materials.由于缺材料，他們決定停止這項(xiàng)工程。由于缺材料，他們決定停止這項(xiàng)工程。Cf. They refused to give up the project merely because of the lack of materials. 他們不肯因?yàn)閮H僅缺材料就放棄這項(xiàng)工程。他們不肯因?yàn)閮H僅缺材料就放棄這項(xiàng)工程。大多置于句首，做狀語大多置于句首，做狀語12. serve v. (1) 為為服務(wù)工作服務(wù)工

51、作 A slave serves his master. (2) 接待接待(顧客顧客) The shop assistant is serving a customer. (3) 侍候吃飯，端侍候吃飯，端(菜菜)；供應(yīng)；供應(yīng)(飯菜飯菜) Lunch is served now. (4) serve as 充任充任(某職務(wù)某職務(wù))作作用用 She served as a model for several painters. This box will serve as / for a seat.13. Stare vi, vt凝視，注視凝視，注視 - stared, staringHe sta

52、red at the word trying to remember what it meant. 他盯著這個(gè)單詞，努力想記起它的意思。他盯著這個(gè)單詞，努力想記起它的意思。習(xí)慣用語習(xí)慣用語 stare one in the face 近在眼前；擺近在眼前；擺在眼前在眼前辨析：辨析：gaze；stare；glare這組動(dòng)詞的一般這組動(dòng)詞的一般含義是含義是“凝視凝視”。gaze表示表示“目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看”，并含有，并含有“驚嘆驚嘆”、“羨慕羨慕”或或“入迷入迷”的意思。的意思。例如：例如：She gazed at the carpet for some time, and then add

53、ed, You dont need bookcases at all. 她對地毯凝視了一會(huì)兒，然后補(bǔ)她對地毯凝視了一會(huì)兒，然后補(bǔ)充說：充說：“你根本不需要書柜。你根本不需要書柜?！眘tare 特別表示特別表示“睜大眼睛凝視睜大眼睛凝視”，并含有，并含有“驚奇驚奇”、“傲慢傲慢” 或或“茫然茫然”的意思的意思。例如：例如：The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. 那位貴族對那位貴族對那張空白紙凝視了幾秒鐘。那張空白紙凝視了幾秒鐘。glare 表示表示“兇狠而且?guī)в型{性的瞪眼睛兇狠而且?guī)в型{性的瞪眼睛”的意思

54、。的意思。例如：例如：The trapped eagle glared at his captors. 被誘捕到的雄鷹兇狠地瞪著捕獲它被誘捕到的雄鷹兇狠地瞪著捕獲它的人。的人?！究祭俊究祭?_ him and then try to copy what he does. A. Mind B. Glance at C. Stare at D. WatchD14. trouble (1) 麻煩；煩惱；煩心的事麻煩；煩惱；煩心的事 (可數(shù)，不可數(shù)可數(shù)，不可數(shù)) It is a pity to give you so much trouble. Life is full of troubles.

55、(2) 困難；費(fèi)事困難；費(fèi)事 (不可數(shù)不可數(shù)) have trouble with sth. / have trouble (in) doing sth. (= difficulty) Did you have much trouble in finding the post office? I hope you wont have any trouble with the work.相關(guān)短語相關(guān)短語 (1) ask for trouble 自尋煩惱；自找麻煩自尋煩惱；自找麻煩 What made you write such a letter? It was asking for troub

56、le. (2) (be) in trouble 有煩事有煩事；有困難；出事；惹麻煩有困難；出事；惹麻煩 He never came except when he was in trouble. (3) put sb. to trouble 給某人造成麻煩；增添給某人造成麻煩；增添麻煩麻煩 I am sorry for putting you to so much trouble. (4) take trouble to do sth. 費(fèi)心做某事；費(fèi)心費(fèi)心做某事；費(fèi)心 It was good of you to take the trouble to help us. 16. keep 用作使

57、役動(dòng)詞，跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)表示用作使役動(dòng)詞，跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)表示“使繼續(xù)處于使繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)某種狀態(tài)”Dont keep your mother waiting.The other students in the class keep their healthy.用作連系動(dòng)詞用作連系動(dòng)詞，意思是意思是 “保持保持”，“繼續(xù)繼續(xù)(處于某種狀處于某種狀態(tài)態(tài))”Jim, you must look after yourself and keep healthy.注注 keep 后通常跟動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，不跟表靜態(tài)的后通常跟動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，不跟表靜態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如通常說動(dòng)詞，如通常說keep running (talking,

58、 writing, reading)而不說而不說keep standing (sitting, sleeping, lying)等。等。阻止，防止阻止，防止 (keepfrom)What kept you from joining us?保管，保存，保留保管，保存，保留Keep the change! 零錢不用找了。零錢不用找了。How to keep seeds is important in agriculture.贍養(yǎng)，照顧，養(yǎng)護(hù)贍養(yǎng)，照顧，養(yǎng)護(hù)Does he earn enough to keep himself and his family?經(jīng)營經(jīng)營He kept a shop in

59、 the town.常見的常見的keep 短語短語keep up 保持、維持保持、維持(一種狀態(tài)或進(jìn)展一種狀態(tài)或進(jìn)展情況情況)keep back 不讓他人知道、阻止不讓他人知道、阻止keep on 繼續(xù)做繼續(xù)做keep from 阻止、防止、不讓阻止、防止、不讓做做keep up with 趕上趕上keep out 不讓入內(nèi)不讓入內(nèi)keep off 不讓靠近、遠(yuǎn)離不讓靠近、遠(yuǎn)離keep to 遵守、履行遵守、履行1. Youre keeping something _ from us. What is it?2. The heavy rain kept us _ holding the spo

60、rts meet.3. He kept _ till the work was finished.4. Would you please close the door to keep the noise _?5. If the rain keeps _, all the crops will be ruined.6. At first he couldnt keep up _ the class.backfromonoutupwith17Gratitude 用作名詞，意思是用作名詞，意思是“感恩，感感恩，感謝謝”，通常作不可數(shù)名詞。通常作不可數(shù)名詞。短語短語 out of gratitude 出于感謝出于感謝 ex