音樂門鈴,簡易演奏器梁祝,

1、-工程四音樂門鈴和簡易演奏器設計設計說明書任務一 音樂門鈴一、任務設計要求1、實現(xiàn)“滴 、滴報警聲要求：產(chǎn)生頻率為500Hz，揚聲器響0.25s，停0.25s，反復循環(huán)2、實現(xiàn)“滴 、滴報警門鈴要求：在1的根底上增加按鈕動作。按鈕按下一次，“滴滴聲持續(xù)約3秒。3、技能提高任選一首歌曲，編制歌譜表，由單片機演奏，實現(xiàn)音樂門鈴。4 、例如：實現(xiàn)“滴 、滴報警聲步驟1：定時參數(shù)的計算1) 要產(chǎn)生頻率為500Hz的方波信號，方波信號的周期為2ms 。電路采用12MHz的晶振，利用定時器T0的方式1，產(chǎn)生1ms的定時，在P1.7上輸出周期為2ms的方波。a) T0的方式控制字TMOD:M1MO=01,G

2、ATE=0,C/T=0,可取TMOD為01Hb) 計算計數(shù)初值*由于晶振為12MHz,機器周期T=，要產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)生1ms的定時，計數(shù)初值為TH0=(65536-1000)/2556=0FCHTL0=(65536-1000) MOD 256=18H二、設計過程1、設計方案確定選用AT89C51單片機、時鐘電路、復位電路、電源、一個按鈕和一個揚聲器等元器件構成系統(tǒng)，構成門鈴電路控制的最小工作系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)方案設計如下列圖所示。揚聲器按鍵并行I/O口電路AT89C51單片機電源時鐘電路復位電路2、硬件電路設計用Proteus軟件進展原理圖設計與繪制。 所采用的仿真元件如下表所示。AT89C51單片機CAP

3、電容RES電阻CAP-ELEC電解電容CRYSTAL晶振SPEAKER揚聲器BUTTON按鍵3、軟件設計1、繪制流程圖標志FLAG情0中斷次數(shù)清0設置定時器定時1ms啟動定時器等待中斷重裝中斷次數(shù)值中斷入口標志位FLAG取反中斷次數(shù)清0輸出聲音記滿0.25sFLAG=1?無輸出中斷返回開場2、編寫源程序:TCOUNT EQU 30HFLAG BIT 00HORG 0000HSJMP STARTORG 000BHLJMP INT_T0START:CLR FLAGMOV TCOUNT,*00HMOV TMOD,*01HMOV TH0,*(65536-1000)/256MOV TL0,*(65536

4、-1000) MOD 256MOV IE,*82HSETB TR0SJMP $INT_T0:MOV TH0,*(65536-1000)/256MOV TL0,*(65536-1000) MOD 256MOV A,TCOUNTCJNE A,*250,I1CPL FLAGMOV TCOUNT,*00HI1: FLAG,I2CLR P1.7SJMP RETUNEI2:CLR P1.7RETUNE:RETIEND2、TCOUNT EQU 30HFLAG BIT 00HORG 0000HSJMP STARTORG 000BHLJMP INT_T0START:CLR FLAGMOV TCOUNT,*00H

5、MOV TMOD,*01HMOV TH0,*(65536-1000)/256MOV TL0,*(65536-1000) MOD 256MOV IE,*82HSETB TR0LOOP: P1.0,STOPACALL DELAYSTOP:CLR P1.7CLR TR0SJMP LOOP;INT_T0:MOV TH0,*(65536-1000)/256MOV TL0,*(65536-1000) MOD 256INC TCOUNTMOV A,TCOUNTCJNE A,*250,I1CPL FLAGMOV TCOUNT,*00HI1: FLAG,I2CLR P1.7SJMP RETUNEI2:CLR P

6、1.7RETUNE:RETIDELAY:MOV R1,*0FFHDEL1:MOV R2,*0FFHDEL2:MOV R3,*0FFHDEL3:NOP NOPNOPDJNZ R3,DEL3DJNZ R2,DEL2DJNZ R1,DEL1RETEND3)、歌曲：梁祝KEY BIT P1.0SPEAKER BIT P1.7ORG 0000HLJMP STARTORG 000BHLJMP INT_T0START:MOV SP,*50HMOV TMOD,*01HSETB ET0SETB EAMAIN:CLR SPEAKERNSP: KEY,NSPLCALL DELY10MS KEY,NSPMOV DPT

7、R,*SONGLOOP:CLR AMOVC A,A+DPTRMOV R1,AINC DPTRCLR AMOVC A,A+DPTRMOV R0,AORL A,R1JZ NE*T0MOV A,R0ANL A,R1CJNE A,*0FFH,NE*TCLR TR0LJMP MAINNE*T:MOV TH0,R1MOV TL0,R0SJMP NE*T1NE*T0:CLR TR0CLR SPEAKERNE*T1:CLR AINC DPTRMOVC A,A+DPTRMOV R2,ALOOP1:LCALL DELY125MSSETB TR0DJNZ R2,LOOP1INC DPTRLJMP LOOPDELY1

8、25MS:MOV R5,*02HD1:MOV R4,*125D2:MOV R3,*248DJNZ R3,$DJNZ R4,D2DJNZ R5,D1RETIDELY10MS:MOV R6,*20DELA2:MOV R7,*248DJNZ R7,$DJNZ R6,DELA2RETINT_T0:MOV TH0,R1MOV TL0,R0CPL SPEAKERRETISONG:DB 00H,00H,4,0FDH,082H,4,0FDH,009H,4,0FCH,0ACH,4DB 0FCH,044H,16DB 0FCH,044H,4,0FCH,0ACH,4,0FEH,006H,4,0FDH,0C8H,4DB

9、 0FBH,004H,16DB 0FBH,004H,4,0FEH,006H,4,0FDH,0C8H,4,0FEH,006H,4DB 0FDH,082H,6,0FDH,0C8H,2,0FDH,034H,4,0FDH,009H,4DB 0FCH,0ACH,2,0FDH,009H,2,0FDH,034H,2,0FDH,009H,2,0FDH,082H,6,0FDH,009H,2DB 0FCH,0ACH,2,0FDH,009H,2,0FDH,082H,2,0FCH,0ACH,2,0FDH,009H,2,0FDH,034H,2,0FDH,009H,2,0FCH,0ACH,2DB 0FCH,044H,12

10、,0FDH,082H,4DB 0FCH,00CH,4,0FCH,0ACH,4,0FBH,090H,4,0FCH,044H,4DB 0FBH,004H,12,0FBH,0090H,2,0FCH,044H,2DB 0FBH,004H,16DB 0FAH,015H,8,0FBH,004H,6,0FBH,090H,2DB 0FCH,044H,6,0FCH,0ACH,2,0FBH,090H,2,0FCH,044H,2,0FBH,004H,4DB 0FDH,082H,6,0FEH,022H,2,0FDH,0C8H,2,0FDH,082H,2,0FDH,009H,2,0FDH,082H,2DB 0FCH,0

11、ACH,16DB 0FCH,0ACH,6,0FDH,009H,2,0FCH,00CH,4,0FBH,0090H,4DB 0FBH,004H,6,0FBH,090H,2,0FCH,0044H,4,0FCH,0ACH,4DB 0FAH,015H,4,0FCH,044H,4,0FBH,090H,2,0FBH,0004H,2,0FBH,090H,2,0FCH,0044H,2DB 0FBH,004H,16DB 0FDH,009H,6,0FDH,082H,2,0FCH,00CH,4,0FCH,0ACH,4DB 0FBH,090H,2,0FCH,044H,2,0FBH,004H,8,00H,00H,4DB

12、0FAH,015H,2,0FBH,004H,4,0FAH,015H,2,0FBH,004H,2,0FBH,090H,2,0FCH,00CH,2,0FCH,0ACH,2DB 0FBH,090H,12,0FBH,004H,2,0FBH,090H,2DB 0FCH,044H,6,0FCH,0ACH,2,0FDH,082H,4,0FDH,009H,4DB 0FCH,0ACH,4,0FDH,009H,2,0FCH,0ACH,2,0FCH,044H,4,0FBH,090H,2,0FBH,004H,2DB 0FAH,015H,8,0FCH,044H,8DB 0FBH,090H,3,0FCH,044H,1,0

13、FBH,090H,2,0FBH,004H,2,0FAH,015H,2,0FBH,004H,2,0FBH,090H,2,0FCH,044H,2DB 0FBH,004H,12,0FDH,009H,2,0FDH,082H,2DB 0FCH,0ACH,2,0FDH,009H,2,0FCH,0ACH,2,0FCH,044H,2,0FCH,00CH,4,0FBH,090H,4DB 0FBH,004H,16DB 0FFH,0FFHEND4、軟、硬件調試仿真效果圖任務二 簡易演奏器一、任務設計要求1、利用定時器的定時功能，分別產(chǎn)生三個聲音的方波，驅動揚聲器發(fā)音，由三個按鍵控制演奏DO、RE、MI 三個聲音。2

14、、采用獨立式鍵盤，8個按鍵代表do,rui,mi,fa,so,la,*i,do8個音階，利用定時器，實現(xiàn)可彈奏不同聲音的簡易電子琴。二、設計過程1、設計方案確定1、對照22)、選用AT89C51單片機，采用獨立式鍵盤，8個按鍵代表do、rui、mi、so、la、*i、do 8個音介，采用查詢方式，可彈奏不同聲音。該系統(tǒng)方案設計框圖如下所示。揚聲器8鍵查詢式鍵盤并行I/O口電路AT89C51單片機電源時鐘電路復位電路2、硬件電路設計用Proteus軟件進展原理圖設計與繪制。獨立式鍵盤簡易電子琴仿真元器件如下列圖所示AT89C51單片機OSCILLOSCOPE示波器RES電阻CAP電容CRYSTA

15、L晶振CAP-ELEC電解電容BUTTON按鍵SPEAKER揚聲器3、軟件設計設置定時器0為方式1T0開中斷靜音停頓定時器0按鍵KEY1是否按下.按鍵KEY2是否按下.按鍵KEY3是否按下.按鍵KEY4是否按下.按鍵KEY5是否按下.按鍵KEY6是否按下.按鍵KEY7是否按下.按鍵KEY8是否按下.演奏“do中音中演奏“rui演奏“mi演奏“fa演奏“so演奏“l(fā)a演奏“*i演奏“do高音開場等待按鍵松開等待按鍵松開等待按鍵松開等待按鍵松開等待按鍵松開等待按鍵松開等待按鍵松開等待按鍵松開1、繪制流程圖3.編寫源程序1)、 ORG 0000H SJMP STARDLY: MOV R2,*20D1

16、: MOV R3,*248 DJNZ R3,$ DJNZ R2,D1 RET ORG 0030HSTAR:MOV TMOD,*01H MOV P3,*0FFH JNB P3.0,DOS ACALL DLY JNB P3.1,RES ACALL DLY JNB P3.2,MIS ACALL DLYDOS: MOV TH0,*0FCH MOV TL0,*44H SETB TR0 JNB TF0,$ CLR TF0 CPL P2.7 JNB P3.0,DOS CLR TF0 SJMP STARRES: MOV TH0,*0FCH MOV TL0,*0ACH SETB TR0 JNB TF0,$ CL

17、R TF0 CPL P2.7 JNB P3.1,RES CLR TF0 SJMP STARMIS: MOV TH0,*0FDH MOV TL0,*09H SETB TR0 JNB TF0,$ CLR TF0 CPL P2.7 JNB P3.2,MIS CLR TF0 SJMP STAR ENDJNB KEY_4,$ LJMP START KEY5: MOV TUNE,*8 LCALL SONG JNB KEY_5,$ LJMP START KEY6: MOV TUNE,*10 LCALL SONG JNB KEY_6,$ LJMP START KEY7: MOV TUNE,*12 LCALL

18、SONG JNB KEY_7,$ LJMP START KEY8: MOV TUNE,*14 LCALL SONG JNB KEY_8,$ LJMP START SONG: MOV A,TUNE MOV DPTR,*TABLE MOVC A,A+DPTR MOV R1,A INC DPTR MOV A,TUNE MOVC A,A+DPTR MOV R0,A MOV TH0,R1 MOV TL0,R0 SETB TR0 RET DELY2MS: MOV R6,*4 D1: MOV R7,*248 DJNZ R7,$ DJNZ R6,D1 RET INT_T0:PUSH ACC PUSH PSW MOV TH0,R1 MOV TL0,R0 CPL SPEAKER POP PSW POP ACC RETI TABLE: DW 0FC44H,0FCACH,0FD09H,0FD34H DW 0FD82H,0FDC8H,0FE06H,0FE22H END2、TUNE DATA 22H KEY_1 BIT P1.0 KEY_2 BIT P1.1 KEY_3 BIT P1.2 KEY_4 BIT P1.3 KEY_5 BIT P1.4