新概念英語第二冊 Lesson 28

1、Lesson 28 No parkingtraffic jamtraffic accidentp rare adj. 罕見的罕見的p ancient adj. 古代的，古老的古代的，古老的p myth n. 神話故事神話故事p trouble n. 麻煩麻煩p effect n. 結(jié)果，效果結(jié)果，效果rare adj.= unusual It is rare for Jay to be late. rare animal 稀有動(dòng)物稀有動(dòng)物 rare bird 珍稀鳥類珍稀鳥類rare illness 疑難雜癥疑難雜癥2) rare : 幾乎是生的幾乎是生的Meat is rare. 牛排幾分熟

2、：牛排幾分熟： 三分三分-rare; 四分四分-medium rare; 五分五分-medium; 七分七分-medium well; 全熟全熟-well done; ancient adj. 古代的古代的, 古老的古老的ancient Chinaancient Egypt 古埃及古埃及ancient history n. 古代史古代史, antique ntik n. 古玩古玩, 古董古董 adj. 古老的，年代久遠(yuǎn)的古老的，年代久遠(yuǎn)的 antique furniture 古董家具古董家具antique shop 古玩店古玩店 trouble n. 麻煩；煩惱；麻煩；煩惱；vt. 麻煩；使煩

3、惱；麻煩；使煩惱；My teeth are giving (causing) me trouble. have trouble with sth 煩惱某事煩惱某事We are having trouble with our new car. have trouble in doing sthI have (no) trouble (in) parking the car. ask for troubleYou are just asking for trouble if you dont give them the money. put sb. in troubleIm sorry to pu

4、t you in trouble. 經(jīng)典順口溜(tongue twister)：Never trouble troubles until troubles trouble you. 永遠(yuǎn)不要自尋煩惱永遠(yuǎn)不要自尋煩惱 effect n. 結(jié)果結(jié)果, 效果效果have an effect 有效果有效果have no effect 沒有效果沒有效果Did the medicine have any/ good effect on your headache? The film had a big effect on her.The advice has no effect on me. myth n

5、. 神話故事神話故事fairy 神仙故事神仙故事ancient mythMythMedusa (神話故事神話故事)Gorgon MedusaGorgon n. 三位蛇發(fā)女妖之一三位蛇發(fā)女妖之一美杜莎曾是一位美麗的美杜莎曾是一位美麗的 少女，一頭烏黑的頭發(fā)使少女，一頭烏黑的頭發(fā)使她容光照人。她容光照人。但是她膽敢跟但是她膽敢跟戰(zhàn)爭女神雅典娜戰(zhàn)爭女神雅典娜比美，女神將她的比美，女神將她的鬈發(fā)變成嘶嘶作響的毒蛇。鬈發(fā)變成嘶嘶作響的毒蛇。她變成了一頭面目可憎的怪物，任何有生命的東她變成了一頭面目可憎的怪物，任何有生命的東西只要看到她就立刻變成石頭。西只要看到她就立刻變成石頭。Jasper White

6、is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths. he has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners. When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not

7、been able to get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has put up No Parking signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa,

8、 the Gorgon. jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. But none of them has been turned to stone yet! ancient myth 古代神話故事古代神話故事1. What kind of person is Jasper White?Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. 賈斯泊賈斯泊懷特是少有相信古代神話的人之一。懷特是少有相信古代神話的人之一。ha

9、ve trouble with sth 煩惱某事煩惱某事2. What did Jasper buy in the city and what happened later?He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners.他剛在城里買了一所新房子，但自從搬進(jìn)去后，他剛在城里買了一所新房子，但自從搬進(jìn)去后，就和汽車及車主發(fā)生了摩擦。就和汽車及車主發(fā)生了摩擦。return home 回家回家 park cars

10、停車停車be able to do 能做能做garage 車庫車庫 3. What trouble had Jasper have with cars and their owners?When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. 當(dāng)他夜晚回到家時(shí)，總是發(fā)現(xiàn)有人把車停在他家大門當(dāng)他夜晚回

11、到家時(shí)，總是發(fā)現(xiàn)有人把車停在他家大門外。為此，他甚至一次也沒能把自己的車開進(jìn)車庫。外。為此，他甚至一次也沒能把自己的車開進(jìn)車庫。 effect 效果效果4. What did Jasper do to solve the problem? Did it have any effect?賈斯泊曾把賈斯泊曾把“禁止停車禁止停車”的牌子掛在門外，但沒的牌子掛在門外，但沒有任何效果。有任何效果。Jasper has put up No Parking signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. ugly 丑陋的丑陋的5. Wha

12、t did Jasper put over the gate? Was it beautiful or ugly?現(xiàn)在他把一個(gè)丑陋的石雕頭像放在了大門上邊，現(xiàn)在他把一個(gè)丑陋的石雕頭像放在了大門上邊，這是我見過的最丑陋的頭像之一。這是我見過的最丑陋的頭像之一。 Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.Medusa Gorgon 美杜莎美杜莎6. What the stone was? Why did Jasper put it there?我問

13、他那是什么，他告訴我那是蛇發(fā)女妖美杜莎。我問他那是什么，他告訴我那是蛇發(fā)女妖美杜莎。賈斯泊希望她能把那些汽車和車主們都變成石頭。賈斯泊希望她能把那些汽車和車主們都變成石頭。I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. turnto變成變成7. Did anyone be turned to stone?但到目前為止還沒有一個(gè)變成石頭呢！但到目前為止還沒有一個(gè)變成石頭呢！Bu

14、t none of them has been turned to stone yet! lay v. 放，擱；下蛋 lie v.躺，位于 ，說謊 過去式 過去分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞 lay laid laid laying lie lay lain lying lie（說謊） lied lied lying 詞 匯Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths. 1. one of 其中之一 one of the studentsof后面一定要用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或集合名詞 如果在定語從句中出現(xiàn)了one of作為先

15、行詞, 它后邊的關(guān)系代詞指代的是后面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths. 如果在one of前面還有一修飾詞 (the) only,那么后邊的關(guān)系代詞將指代one這個(gè)詞, 才作單數(shù)看He is the only one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.One of 在句中作主語，那么動(dòng)詞選擇單數(shù)形式One of those answers is right.2. believe in 信任; 信仰 Do you

16、 believe in ghosts?I believe in his words very much.He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners.1. ever since = since 從那以后一直從那以后一直（ever since的語氣比的語氣比since強(qiáng)強(qiáng)，主句一般用完成時(shí)），主句一般用完成時(shí)）Ive been interested in flying ever since I was a b

17、oy.He left the village last year and has never returned ever since.2. have trouble with sb. 和某人相處有麻煩和某人相處有麻煩I have trouble with my roommate室友室友. When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. , he has not been able to get his own car into his garage ev

18、en once.1. because只能作連詞用，后面接從句只能作連詞用，后面接從句You cant remember his name, because you arent really thinking.because of 由于，介詞短語，后面不可以跟從句，只能跟由于，介詞短語，后面不可以跟從句，只能跟名詞名詞、代詞代詞或或動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞“-ing”Because of 因?yàn)椋ㄈ?、物體）We have waited in the rain for three ours because of you!Because of + 句子Because of he has had lunch yet，h

19、e isnt hungry now. Because of + V-ingBecause of swimming， he gave up the study.When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. , he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.1. be able to do 能做能做+ 動(dòng)詞原形用這個(gè)搭配的主語一般都是人, 表示有能力去做can 表示天生的

20、或?qū)W到的能力時(shí)，只能用于表示天生的或?qū)W到的能力時(shí)，只能用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)（could），而），而不可用于將來時(shí)不可用于將來時(shí)。將來時(shí)中將來時(shí)中表示能力時(shí)表示能力時(shí)必須用必須用be able to。在現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)中，在現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)中，can/could與與be able to一般可以互換，一般可以互換，在在完成時(shí)中一般用完成時(shí)中一般用be able to。Tom is only 9 months old and he is already able to stand up.Ill be able to pass my driving test after Ive had a f

21、ew lessons.2. get sth. into 把把弄進(jìn)弄進(jìn)get his car into his garage3. drive the car into 把車子撞上某地I drove the car into the tree.4. even once : 甚至一次,even 起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用 Jasper has put up No Parking signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. 1. put up 張貼

22、 2. Over the gateon 接觸在上面over 懸掛在上面，更高It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon.1. I have ever seen 做定語從句, 修飾前邊的faces如果關(guān)系詞在從句中做賓語, 關(guān)系詞可以省略, 所以 I 前的which被省略This is the most difficult thing I have ever done.This is the most t

23、errible news I have ever heard.It is one of the funniest stories that I have ever read.2. is one of the adj.est (that) I have ever seen有兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)一定用最高級：有兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)一定用最高級：of+范圍范圍of all the studentsin+地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)He is the tallest in the room.Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. But none of th

24、em has been turned to stone yet!turn sth. to 把前者變成后者把前者變成后者 turn the prince to a frog He was turned to a frog.They have turned the famous beauty spot to/into an ugly place.A sudden storm turns the earth to mud.Years of doing the same dull dl單調(diào)單調(diào)job can turn you into a machine. 2. none of, neither of

25、 做主語時(shí)做單數(shù)看待None of us cares what happens to him.Read and find the useful expressions相信，信奉相信，信奉與與相處有麻煩相處有麻煩泊車，停車泊車，停車每天晚上每天晚上由于由于張貼張貼 把把變成變成believe inhave trouble withpark a carat night because of put up turn sth to sth Jasper White is one of those rare people who _ ancient myths. he has just bought a

26、 new house in the city, but _ he moved in, he has _ cars and their owners. When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has _ a car outside his gate. _ this, he has not been able to get his own car into _ even once.believe inhad trouble withparkedBecause ofhis garageListen and Complet

27、eever sinceJasper has _ No Parking signs outside his gate, but these have not _. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. _. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. But _ them has been _ yet!put up

28、had any effectturned to stoneIt is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seennone of與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的副詞和副詞短語：與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的副詞和副詞短語：before(now)，so far，up to/till now，just，already，now，ever，never，since和和for 等，等，since 一般與一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用，一般與一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用，for 一般與時(shí)間段連用。一般與時(shí)間段連用?！緃ave (has) + just / already + 過去分詞過去分詞have (has) + 過去分詞

29、過去分詞 + + yet過去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在乃至未來過去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在乃至未來have (has) + 過去分詞過去分詞 + + since/ever sincehave (has) + 過去分詞過去分詞 + + for延續(xù)性動(dòng)作延續(xù)性動(dòng)作 live, teach, learn, work, study, know 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)作非延續(xù)性動(dòng)作come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和帶有）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和帶有since或或for等表示等表示“一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間”的狀語的狀語連用連用,表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從某一時(shí)刻

30、開始，一直表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從某一時(shí)刻開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。像像come, arrive, buy等等非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能與表示不能與表示“一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間”的狀的狀語連用。要用，語連用。要用，必須改為必須改為“be（在）（在）”等延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞等延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞來表述。來表述?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換： arrivebe here begin(start)be on die be dead come backbe back leave be away fall ill(sick,asleep)be ill(sick,a

31、sleep) get upbe up go out be out finish be over put on wear 或或be on open be open joinbe in或或 be a member of close be closed go to schoolbe a student borrow keep buy have catch(a cold) have(a cold) get to know know begin to studystudy come to workwork等等用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型 1）It is the first / second

32、time. that結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that the boy had been late.2）This is the that結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)構(gòu)，that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí). This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. This is the first time (that) Ive heard him sing. -Do you know ou

33、r town at all? -No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming B (2) -Have you _ been to our town before? -No, its the first time I _ here.A. even, come B. even, have comeC. ever, come D. ever, have comeD 4. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl. A. Know B. had know

34、n C. have known D. knew3. He has _ been to Shanghai, has he ?A. already B.never C.ever D. stillB C 6. - These farmers have been to the United States.- Really? When _ there?A will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone5. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I_ it twice.A. will see B. hav

35、e seen C. saw D. seeB B 7. She _ Robert for a year.A. married B. married withC. has been marrying D. has been married toD定語從句所句所修飾的名詞稱作定語從句所句所修飾的名詞稱作先行詞先行詞。先行詞先行詞 : 放在定語從句前面放在定語從句前面, 而且是兩句話共而且是兩句話共同含有的詞同含有的詞, 還是被定語從句修飾的詞還是被定語從句修飾的詞定語從句定語從句 : 句子做定語句子做定語, 一般放在被修飾詞后一般放在被修飾詞后面面四個(gè)關(guān)系代詞四個(gè)關(guān)系代詞 : Who, whom,

36、which, that, (whose) 關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以做主語也可以做賓語。關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以做主語也可以做賓語。定語從句定語從句關(guān)系代詞（關(guān)系代詞（who, whom, which, that, whose）的指代關(guān)系）的指代關(guān)系指人指人指物指物在定語從句中在定語從句中的作用的作用Who主語主語賓語賓語Whom賓語賓語Which主語主語賓語賓語that主語主語賓語賓語whose定語定語who 在從句當(dāng)中做在從句當(dāng)中做主語或做賓語主語或做賓語whom 只能在從句當(dāng)中做只能在從句當(dāng)中做賓語賓語which 指物指物, 即可以即可以做主語做主語, 又可又可以以做賓語做賓語that 即可以即可

37、以指物指物, 又可以又可以指人指人, 即即可以做可以做主語主語, 又可以做又可以做賓語賓語The man is Chair Hu.Chair Hu is shaking hands with a woman.The man who is shaking hands with a woman is Chair Hu.Jasper is one of those rare people.Those rare people believe in ancient myth.The book is not very interesting. Mary lent me a book yesterday .

38、The book which Mary lent me yesterday is not very interesting.Jasper lives in the house.The window of the house is broken.Jasper lives in the house whose window is broken.the pilot of the plane was not hurt.The plane landed in a field.I have a book that/which he likes.( “book” 為先行詞“that/which” 為關(guān)系代詞

39、)The boy who is standing at the door is my brother.I can do anything that I can do. 我愿意做我力所能及的事情來幫助你The boat whose name is.I have a house whose windows are broken. 我有一個(gè)房子, 房子的窗戶都破了.關(guān)系代詞在關(guān)系從句中作賓語時(shí)往往可以省略，作主語時(shí)則不可以。whose 后面一定要加一個(gè)名詞, 然后這個(gè)部分共同做主語或賓語The boy whose sister is standing at the door is my brothe

40、r.妹妹站在門口的男孩是我弟弟The pilot whose plane landed in a field was not hurt.把飛機(jī)降落在田里的飛行員沒有受傷The only games _ I play are football and tennis.先行詞如果用先行詞如果用only, 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞, 形容詞最高級修飾形容詞最高級修飾, 其后邊的其后邊的關(guān)系詞只用關(guān)系詞只用thatThis is the hotel at _ we are staying.句中的句中的“at” 原來在原來在“staying” 的后邊的后邊介詞后加物的話介詞后加物的話, 只加只加which,加人的話加人的話, 用用whom, 都不可都不可用用that, who也不能也不能She is the girl who/whom/that I stayed with. She is the girl with whom I stayed.That is the house in which I live.Th