牛津高二英語MU虛擬語氣學習教案

1、會計學1牛津牛津(ni jn)高二英語高二英語MU虛擬語氣虛擬語氣第一頁，共78頁。第1頁/共78頁第二頁，共78頁。語氣語氣(yq)英語的動詞一般可帶有三種不同英語的動詞一般可帶有三種不同(b tn)的語氣：陳述語氣，祈使語氣和的語氣：陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。不同虛擬語氣。不同(b tn)的語氣用動的語氣用動詞的不同詞的不同(b tn)形式來表示。形式來表示。第2頁/共78頁第三頁，共78頁。虛擬語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣的概念虛擬語氣的概念(ginin)第3頁/共78頁第四頁，共78頁。虛擬語氣的?？夹问教摂M語氣的?？夹问?xngsh)： 1. if 引導的虛擬條件句引導的虛擬條件句 2.

2、 名詞性從句名詞性從句 3. 固定句式固定句式 4. 情態(tài)動詞表示虛擬情態(tài)動詞表示虛擬 5. 可用可不用虛擬語氣的情況可用可不用虛擬語氣的情況第4頁/共78頁第五頁，共78頁。a. ifa. if真實條件句真實條件句 表示表示(bi(biosh)osh)條件條件是真的或有可能實現(xiàn)的是真的或有可能實現(xiàn)的, , 采用陳述語氣采用陳述語氣。b. ifb. if虛擬條件虛擬條件(tiojin)(tiojin)句句 表示條件表示條件(tiojin)(tiojin)是虛擬的或幾乎無法實現(xiàn)的是虛擬的或幾乎無法實現(xiàn)的, , 采用虛擬語氣。采用虛擬語氣。第5頁/共78頁第六頁，共78頁。If we have c

3、hances, we can have further cooperation.第6頁/共78頁第七頁，共78頁。If I have another chance, I will visit China again.第7頁/共78頁第八頁，共78頁。 主句主句will shall+will shall+動詞動詞原形原形(yunxng)(yunxng)情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + + 動詞動詞原形原形(yunxng)(yunxng)第8頁/共78頁第九頁，共78頁。What What willwill you do if it you do if it rains rains tomorrow?tomo

4、rrow?I I willwill sleep at home sleep at home if it if it rainsrains tomorrow. tomorrow.第9頁/共78頁第十頁，共78頁。第10頁/共78頁第十一頁，共78頁。 if 引導引導(yndo)的虛擬條件的虛擬條件句句與現(xiàn)在與現(xiàn)在(xinzi)事實相反事實相反與過去事實與過去事實(shsh)相反相反與與將來將來事實可能相反事實可能相反第11頁/共78頁第十二頁，共78頁。與現(xiàn)在與現(xiàn)在(xinzi)事實相事實相反反第12頁/共78頁第十三頁，共78頁。If I were the schoolmaster of Li

5、uyang No. 8 Middle school, I would let the students get up a little later to get a better sleep.與現(xiàn)在與現(xiàn)在(xinzi)事實相事實相反反第13頁/共78頁第十四頁，共78頁。 if虛擬(xn)條件句if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實相事實相反的假反的假設設If+主語主語+ 動詞動詞(dngc)的過去式的過去式（be動詞動詞(dngc)一般用一般用were)主語主語+would ( should / might / could )動動詞詞(dngc)原形原形1. If I had a

6、great deal of money, I would buy a villa (別墅別墅) for my parents.2. If I were the schoolmaster of Liuyang No. 8 Middle school, I would let the students get up a little later to get a better sleep.即：即：If+一般過去時態(tài)一般過去時態(tài)（be動詞一般用動詞一般用were)第14頁/共78頁第十五頁，共78頁。If Yao Jiaxin had driven more carefully, he would

7、not have caused the car accident in May,2009.與過去事實與過去事實(shsh)相反相反第15頁/共78頁第十六頁，共78頁。If Tom had learnt how to swim,he would not have been trapped on that island for four years.與過去事實與過去事實(shsh)相反相反第16頁/共78頁第十七頁，共78頁。had got upcould have caught與過去與過去(guq)事實相反事實相反第17頁/共78頁第十八頁，共78頁。 if虛擬(xn)條件句if虛擬條件句虛擬

8、條件句主句主句與與過去過去事實相事實相反的假反的假設設If+主語主語(zhy)+had +動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞1. If Yao Jiaxin had driven more carefully, he would not have caused the car accident in May,2009.2. If Tom had learnt how to swim, he would not have been trapped on that island for four years.had got upcould have caught即：即：If+過去完成過去完成(wn ch

9、ng)時態(tài)時態(tài)主語主語 + would ( should / might / could )have done第18頁/共78頁第十九頁，共78頁。If I met Obama some day, I would shake hands with him. If I were to meet Obama some day, If I should meet Obama some day, 與將來與將來(jingli)事實事實相反相反第19頁/共78頁第二十頁，共78頁。 if虛擬(xn)條件句if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句與與將來將來事實事實相相反的假反的假設設1、If+主語主語(zhy)+

10、動詞過去式動詞過去式2、If+主語主語(zhy)+were to+ 動詞原形動詞原形3、If+主語主語(zhy)+should +動詞原形動詞原形主語主語+would ( should / might / could )動詞動詞(dngc)原形原形 If I met / were to meet / should meet Obama some day, I would shake hands with him. 第20頁/共78頁第二十一頁，共78頁。 總結(zngji)：if虛擬條件句if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實相事實相反的假反的假設設與與過去過去事實相事實相反的假反的

11、假設設與與將來將來事實相事實相反的假反的假設設1、If+主語主語+動詞過去動詞過去(guq)式式2、If+主語主語+were to+ 動詞原形動詞原形3、If+主語主語+should +動詞原形動詞原形If+主語主語+ 動詞的過去動詞的過去(guq)式式（be動詞一般用動詞一般用were)主語主語+would ( should / might / could )動詞動詞原形原形即：即：If+一般過去時態(tài)一般過去時態(tài)（be動詞一般用動詞一般用were)If+主語主語+had +動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞即：即：If+過去完成時態(tài)過去完成時態(tài)主語主語 + would ( should / mig

12、ht / could )have done主語主語+would ( should / might / could )動詞原形動詞原形第21頁/共78頁第二十二頁，共78頁。第22頁/共78頁第二十三頁，共78頁。= Were it not for lacking money, 與過去事與過去事實實(shsh)相反相反與現(xiàn)在與現(xiàn)在(xinzi)事事實相反實相反第23頁/共78頁第二十四頁，共78頁。1. If my father _ here now, he _ tell me what to do.A.were; wouldB. was; willC. had been; wouldD. is

13、; willExercise A第24頁/共78頁第二十五頁，共78頁。2. If he _my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A.followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would followExercise C第25頁/共78頁第二十六頁，共78頁。3. If I _ in the 22nd century, I _ my vacation in a very different way.A. should live; would spendB. will live; should spend

14、C. are living; should have spentD. will be living; would have spentA第26頁/共78頁第二十七頁，共78頁。4. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. WillExercise tomorrowB第27頁/共78頁第二十八頁，共78頁。第28頁/共78頁第二十九頁，共78頁。第29頁/共78頁第三十頁，共78頁。虛擬語氣的?？夹问教摂M語氣的?？夹问?xn

15、gsh)： 1. if 引導的虛擬條件句引導的虛擬條件句 2. 名詞性從句名詞性從句 3. 固定句式固定句式 4. 情態(tài)動詞表示虛擬情態(tài)動詞表示虛擬 5. 可用可不用虛擬語氣的情況可用可不用虛擬語氣的情況第30頁/共78頁第三十一頁，共78頁。a. ifa. if真實條件句真實條件句 表示條件是真的表示條件是真的(zhn de)(zhn de)或有可能實現(xiàn)的或有可能實現(xiàn)的, , 采用采用陳述語氣。陳述語氣。b. ifb. if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句 表示條件是虛擬的或幾表示條件是虛擬的或幾乎無法乎無法(wf(wf) )實現(xiàn)的實現(xiàn)的, , 采用虛擬語氣。采用虛擬語氣。第31頁/共78頁第三十二頁，

16、共78頁。 總結(zngji)：if虛擬條件句if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實相事實相反的假反的假設設與與過去過去事實相事實相反的假反的假設設與與將來將來事實相事實相反的假反的假設設1、If+主語主語+動詞過去動詞過去(guq)式式2、If+主語主語+were to+ 動詞原形動詞原形3、If+主語主語+should +動詞原形動詞原形If+主語主語(zhy)+ 動詞的過去式動詞的過去式（be動詞一般用動詞一般用were)主語主語+would ( should / might / could )動詞原形動詞原形即：即：If+一般過去時態(tài)一般過去時態(tài)（be動詞一般用動詞一般用we

17、re)If+主語主語+had +動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞即：即：If+過去完成時態(tài)過去完成時態(tài)主語主語 + would ( should / might / could )have done主語主語+would ( should / might / could )動詞原形動詞原形（4+1）第32頁/共78頁第三十三頁，共78頁。第33頁/共78頁第三十四頁，共78頁。 insist, order / command, suggest / advise / propose / recommend, desire / demand / require / request / askshould

18、 do ! should do ! should do ! 二二. 名詞名詞(mng c)性從句中的虛擬語氣性從句中的虛擬語氣第34頁/共78頁第三十五頁，共78頁。二二. 名詞名詞(mng c)性從句中的虛擬語氣性從句中的虛擬語氣1. 一一 “堅持堅持” (insist) , 二二“命令命令” (order, command) , 2. 四四“建議建議(jiny)” (advise, suggest, propose, recommend) ,3. 五五“要求要求” (ask, demand, require, request, desire) 4. + (that) sb (should)

19、 do .5. 或是或是 (that) sb / sth (should) be done 賓語(bny)從句第35頁/共78頁第三十六頁，共78頁。我們建議我們建議Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。他堅持要我與他同行他堅持要我與他同行(tnghng)。他們要求派他們要求派Tom去那兒工作。去那兒工作。老師要求作業(yè)要及時完成。老師要求作業(yè)要及時完成。We suggested _ .He insisted _ .They requested (that) Tom _ .(that) Tom have a rest(that) I (should ) go with him(should) be s

20、ent to work thereThe teacher asked (that) our homework _ .(should) be finished in time第36頁/共78頁第三十七頁，共78頁。第37頁/共78頁第三十八頁，共78頁。a / the suggestion / request () that (should) do 主語(zhy)從句 表語(bioy)從句 同位語從句同位語從句第38頁/共78頁第三十九頁，共78頁。Its suggested that the plan (should) be carried out at once . The old woma

21、ns demand is that her son (should) come to see her once a week. We are in favor of the advice that the factory (should) be closed down.第39頁/共78頁第四十頁，共78頁。3. wish 的賓語的賓語(bny)從句從句1. wish 的賓語的賓語(bny)從句從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反與現(xiàn)在事實相反: 一般過去時一般過去時( be 用用were )與過去事實相反與過去事實相反: 過去完成過去完成(wn chng)時時與將來事實相反與將來事實相反: would/coul

22、d +V.原原 should第40頁/共78頁第四十一頁，共78頁。were第41頁/共78頁第四十二頁，共78頁。I wish/wished I _ (have not) eaten so much watermelon.hadnt第42頁/共78頁第四十三頁，共78頁。would第43頁/共78頁第四十四頁，共78頁。could / would become 第44頁/共78頁第四十五頁，共78頁。三三. 虛擬語氣特殊虛擬語氣特殊(tsh)句型與固定句式句型與固定句式:1. would rather 寧愿寧愿(nngyun)，但愿，但愿 sb did 與現(xiàn)在或將來情況與現(xiàn)在或將來情況(qn

23、gkung)相相反反sb had done 與過去情況相反與過去情況相反I would rather you returned me my money now. I would rather we hadnt told her the bad news.I would rather you came tomorrow.第45頁/共78頁第四十六頁，共78頁。思考：思考：as if / as though 后面的句子是主后面的句子是主句還是句還是(hi shi)從句？從句？第46頁/共78頁第四十七頁，共78頁。owned1). 1). 從句的動作與主句從句的動作與主句(zh(zh j) j)動

24、作同時發(fā)生動作同時發(fā)生 ( (可可以理解成與現(xiàn)在事實相反以理解成與現(xiàn)在事實相反) )He behaves as if he _ (be) the owner of the house.were第47頁/共78頁第四十八頁，共78頁。had been2). 2). 從句的動作發(fā)生在主句從句的動作發(fā)生在主句(zh(zh j) j)動作之動作之前前 ( (可以理解成與過去事實相反可以理解成與過去事實相反) )第48頁/共78頁第四十九頁，共78頁。3). 3). 從句從句(cn(cn j) j)的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之后的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之后 ( (可以理解成與將來事實相反可以理解成與將來事實相反)

25、 )第49頁/共78頁第五十頁，共78頁?？偨Y總結(zngji)as if / as though與現(xiàn)在事實與現(xiàn)在事實(shsh)相反相反: 一般過去時一般過去時( be 用用were )與過去事實與過去事實(shsh)相反相反: 過去完成時過去完成時 與將來事實與將來事實(shsh)相反相反: would/could + V.原原 (了解了解) should與與 wish 的賓語從句的賓語從句(cn j)相相似似第50頁/共78頁第五十一頁，共78頁。3. It is (high / about ) time (that) “是時候是時候. (做某事做某事)” 注意注意(zh y): sho

26、uld不能省略不能省略 sb did sb should do第51頁/共78頁第五十二頁，共78頁。是時候是時候(sh hou)采取措施來保護環(huán)境采取措施來保護環(huán)境了。了。It is ( high / about ) time that we took / should take measures to protect the environment.你該走了。你該走了。Its (high / about) time that you went / should go.第52頁/共78頁第五十三頁，共78頁。4. 在表達驚異、惋惜、遺憾、理應如此等意在表達驚異、惋惜、遺憾、理應如此等意義的固

27、定句式義的固定句式(j sh)中常使用虛擬語氣中常使用虛擬語氣 Its necessary / strange / natural (自然的自然的, 理應理應如此的如此的) / important + that sb (should) do第53頁/共78頁第五十四頁，共78頁。1). It is important that we _ ( master ) a foreign language.2). 真奇怪真奇怪(qgui)，她竟然拒絕來參加，她竟然拒絕來參加party。 Its _ that she _ to come to the party.3). 鳥在樹上安歇鳥在樹上安歇 / 休息

28、是很自然的。休息是很自然的。 It is _ that a bird _ in trees. ( should ) master(should) refusestrangenatural(should) rest第54頁/共78頁第五十五頁，共78頁。5. If only ! 要是要是(yo shi)就好了就好了If only與現(xiàn)在事實相反與現(xiàn)在事實相反: 一般過去一般過去(guq)時時( be 用用were )與過去與過去(guq)事實相反事實相反: 過去過去(guq)完成時完成時If only it stopped raining now!If only we had followed y

29、our advice!第55頁/共78頁第五十六頁，共78頁。第56頁/共78頁第五十七頁，共78頁。四四. 情態(tài)情態(tài)(qngti)動詞表動詞表示虛擬示虛擬 1. 本想本想/打算做某事卻沒做打算做某事卻沒做 2. 本應該本應該(ynggi)做某事卻沒做做某事卻沒做 3. 本不該做某事卻做了本不該做某事卻做了 4. 本能夠做某事卻沒做本能夠做某事卻沒做 5. 寧愿過去做了某事卻沒做寧愿過去做了某事卻沒做 6. 最好過去做了某事卻沒做最好過去做了某事卻沒做 7. 本不必做某事卻做了本不必做某事卻做了 would have done should/ought to have done shouldn

30、t/oughtnt to have done could have done would rather have done had better have done neednt have done must have done might have donecant/ couldnt have done過去肯定發(fā)生過去肯定發(fā)生(fshng)了了過去可能發(fā)生過去可能發(fā)生(fshng)了了過去不可能發(fā)生過去不可能發(fā)生(fshng)第57頁/共78頁第五十八頁，共78頁。第58頁/共78頁第五十九頁，共78頁。insist / suggest 各有兩種意思各有兩種意思(y s)，用不同，用不同的語

31、氣的語氣insist : “堅決堅決/持要求持要求”用虛擬語氣用虛擬語氣,即即 should do;insist : “堅持認為堅持認為, 堅持說堅持說”用陳述語氣用陳述語氣suggest : “建議建議”用虛擬語氣，即用虛擬語氣，即should do;suggest : “表明、暗示表明、暗示”用陳述語氣用陳述語氣第59頁/共78頁第六十頁，共78頁。_ (not steal) the diamond, and that he should be set free. n他堅持他堅持(jinch)說他沒偷鉆石，應說他沒偷鉆石，應該立刻被釋放。該立刻被釋放。(should) practiseis

32、(should) gethadnt stolen第60頁/共78頁第六十一頁，共78頁。第61頁/共78頁第六十二頁，共78頁。a. ifa. if真實條件句真實條件句 表示條件是真的或表示條件是真的或有可能有可能(knng)(knng)實現(xiàn)的實現(xiàn)的, , 采用陳述采用陳述語氣。語氣。b. ifb. if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句 表示條件是虛擬的表示條件是虛擬的或幾乎無法實現(xiàn)或幾乎無法實現(xiàn)(shxin)(shxin)的的, , 采用采用虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣。第62頁/共78頁第六十三頁，共78頁。Exercise 第63頁/共78頁第六十四頁，共78頁。2. 判斷虛擬判斷虛擬(xn)類類型型3. 判斷判斷(pndun)虛擬時間虛擬時間第64頁/共78頁第六十五頁，共78頁。1. I advised that you _ the job as soon as possible . A finished B finishing C to finish D finish 2 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be raised. A should B would C must D co