大學(xué)英語四級(jí)漢譯英專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題目及解析

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試漢譯英部分專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1. I wish_(我的家鄉(xiāng)四季如春)2. If you had not run the red light, _(事故就不會(huì)發(fā)生了)3. John couldnt have known the news, _(否則他早發(fā)出申請(qǐng)了)4. but for his help, _(我們就不會(huì)以這么低的價(jià)格租到房子了)5. It was necessary that _(在居民區(qū)設(shè)立更多的流動(dòng)商店)1. It annoyed him that no sooner_(他剛上車，就發(fā)現(xiàn)忘了帶錢包)2. _（直到所有的證據(jù)都擺在他面前）did

2、he confess his crime.3. Were I in your position, _(我會(huì)毫不猶豫地抓住機(jī)會(huì))4. Not only_ (他們不僅做了音樂表演), but they also gave a brief introduction to the history of Western brass instruments.5. Only after the accident_(他才讓人對(duì)他的車進(jìn)行了仔細(xì)地檢查).1.By the end of that year, Henry _(已收集了一千多張外國郵票)2.I suppose by the time I come b

3、ack from abroad all those old houses_(將被拆除)3.If _(進(jìn)入一個(gè)裝滿水的浴缸), some of the water will overflow onto the floor.4. A broad scientific census says that _(地球氣候正在明顯變暖).5._（接連下了兩天大雨）and the ground was very wet.1. Mary often attempts to escape being fired _(每當(dāng)她違反交通規(guī)則的時(shí)候). 2._（開始看起來模糊不清的事情）might well become

4、 clear and organic a third time. 3. The man was left on an isolated island, _ (他在那里待了半年之久) 4. Ive already told you that Im going to buy it, _ (無論花多少錢)5.Ill accept any job_（只要無須早起）.1. Mark often attempts to _(逃避母親的 責(zé)罵)whenever he does something wrong.2. The new government was accused of failure to _(

5、實(shí)現(xiàn)其降低失業(yè)率的承諾) 3._（為了掙錢供我上學(xué)），mother often takes on more work than is good for her.4. He denied _(偷看了同桌的試卷) 5. I dont mind _(你遲作決定) as long as it is not too late.1. _(其實(shí)你沒必要穿上你最好的套裝) to go to the party; most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.2. _（瑪麗一定還沒有找回她的車）,for she came to work by bus th

6、is morning.3. The phone is ringing, but there is no answer. _(她一定不在家)4._(這部影片應(yīng)該會(huì)有很好的票房收入) as it is starring first class actors. 5. You screamed in your sleep last night, _(你一定夢(mèng)見什么可怕的東西了)1. All the members except Tom_(都投票贊成 我的建議)to set up a branch office in the suburbs, which satisfies me greatly.2.

7、I think_(不是你就是他沒有講實(shí)話)3. Many a student_(已經(jīng)意識(shí)到學(xué)習(xí)一門外語的重要性).4. The committee _(一直在討論那個(gè)問題) among themselves for many years.1. I was advised_（或者打電話，或者寫信給該旅館訂房）2.Fertilizers are used primarily to enrich the soil and _(提高產(chǎn)量)3.He neither knows_(也不關(guān)心她發(fā)生了什么事)4. It is not heroes that make history, _(而是歷史創(chuàng)造了英雄)

8、5. They not only broke into his office, _(而且撕碎了他的手稿)1.To make donations or for more information, please_(按以下地址和我們聯(lián)系)2. If you want to keep the flower from dying, _(要記得每天給它澆水).3. _(聽醫(yī)生的話)，or your cough will get worse.4. Please_(把音樂聲調(diào)小一點(diǎn)); the children are sleeping. 5._(我們找個(gè)地方躲雨吧)， or well get wet.1.

9、Many people think that _（體育鍛煉的確直接有助于身體健康）。2. _(你的工作能力才是最重要的)，not where you come from or what you are.3. _(正是Jefferson寫下了)the Declaration of Independence.4. Many people do not realize that_（正是這種經(jīng)常性的體罰）that lays the groundwork for child abuse.1. The destruction of buildings and houses is_(并不像原先擔(dān)心的那樣廣泛

10、), and varies from village to village.2. The more he explains it, _(我越覺得這個(gè)計(jì)劃難以實(shí)現(xiàn))3. We all know that _(對(duì)他來說錢就像生命一樣珍貴). 4. _(我口袋里只有五元錢)， so its really a problem for me to buy the candy.5. The buildings look _(在倫敦比在這兒難看得多).1. the new buildings area_(將是舊樓的兩倍).2. the output of this year _(與去年相比增加了50%)3.

11、 Although he eats less, _(他的體重卻是我的三倍)4. This substance _(反應(yīng)速度是另外那種物質(zhì)的三倍).5. In such cases, the probability that women quit the job_(比男性辭職的可能性大三倍).1._（我們都忍不住笑起來）when he finished the story.2. Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had_(很難跟上班里的學(xué)生).3. What a lovely party! Its wor

12、th _(我牢記一生).4. Although Im a foreigner in German, _(我毫不費(fèi)力地表達(dá)了自己的意思).5.It is time the whole society began to take action to_(使我們的環(huán)境免于毀滅).大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試漢譯英部分專項(xiàng)練習(xí)答案解析虛擬語氣1. 答案： it were spring in my hometown all the year around解析：wish后的that從句表示沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，that常常省略。當(dāng)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的愿望時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用were或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞的過去式。2. 答案：the a

13、ccident would not have happened解析：if 條件句中的過去完成時(shí)態(tài)和句意表明，此處使用了虛擬語氣，表示對(duì)過去事實(shí)的假設(shè)。所以主句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用would have done的形式。3. 答案： otherwise he would have sent his application.解析：前半句中的couldnt have known 是對(duì)過去情況的否定推測(cè)， 后面的“否則”是對(duì)過去的一種假設(shè)，故后面主句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用would have done的形式。4. 答案：we could not have rent a house at such a low pric

14、e.解析：but for意為：“要是沒有”,常用來引出虛擬條件，相當(dāng)于if虛擬條件句。從句意可知，“租到房子”是過去的事實(shí)，故主句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用could/would have done的形式, 此處用它的否定形式。5. 答案：more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area. 解析：在“It is /was +形容詞+that從句” 結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)形容詞表示重要性、必要性或某種意愿時(shí)，后接從句時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞往往要用should do 的形式，被動(dòng)語態(tài)要用should be done且should 常省略。常見的這類形容詞有：ad

15、visable, appropriate, desirable, essential, necessary, important, imperative, impossible, incredible, obligatory, proper, vital, urgent等。倒裝1. 答案：had he got on the bus than he found he forget to take the wallet with him.解析：no soonerthan和 hardly/scarcelywhen都表示“剛一就”no sooner 或 hardly/scarcely位于句首時(shí)，緊跟其

16、后的句子應(yīng)采用部分倒裝。注意在該句型中，主句中一般使用過去完成時(shí)，從句中一般用一般過去時(shí)。此外，表示“忘記去做某事”時(shí)forget后面應(yīng)該接不定式。2. 答案: Not until he was showed all evidence解析：not until意為“直到時(shí)，才”為了起到強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，經(jīng)常將not until提前，此時(shí)句子就要用部分倒裝。3. 答案：I would size the opportunity without hesitation解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句是省略了if的條件虛擬句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，從句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)，故漢語部分的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用would/could +do。4

17、. 答案：did they present a musical performance解析：當(dāng)表示否定的詞語謂語句首時(shí)，該句應(yīng)采用部分倒裝。類似的表示否定的詞語有：not, never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, little等。5. 答案：did he have his car inspected carefully.解析： “only+狀語”提前引起部分倒裝。表示“讓別人完成某事” 一般用 have sth .done的結(jié)構(gòu)。時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)1. 答案：had collected more than a thousand foreign

18、stamps. 解析：the end of that year是過去時(shí)間， 再加上by可知是過去某一時(shí)間以前完成的，所以應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。2. 答案：will have been pulled down 解析：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語by the time+表示將來時(shí)間的句子可知，此處表示“到將來某個(gè)時(shí)間為止的情況”，故應(yīng)用將來完成時(shí)。此處需要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。3. 答案：you get into a bath full of water解析:在引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中， 如果主句用將來時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。4. 答案：the earth is experiencing significant global war

19、ming解析：所給漢語部分中的“正在”此處應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，且主句中用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故所給漢語部分應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。5. 答案：it had been raining for two days 解析：and后的分句中的was提示所給漢語部分的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為過去時(shí)。“下雨”這一動(dòng)作從過去更早時(shí)間持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在某一時(shí)刻，故應(yīng)用過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。從句1. 答案：whenever she breaks the traffic regulations 解析：所給漢語部分的“每當(dāng). 時(shí)候”，也含有“不論何時(shí)”之意，所以此處的連詞最好用whenever 2. 答案：What seems confusing at first

20、 解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所給漢語部分在句中作主語；what 引導(dǎo)的主語從句常用來表示“.事情”。 3. 答案：where he stayed for as long as half a year. 解析：先行詞island為地點(diǎn)名詞， 故其定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)。表示“長達(dá) 之久”，可用“as long as +時(shí)間” 的結(jié)構(gòu)。 4. 答案：no matter how much it costs 解析：no matter與疑問詞連用可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。本句表示“花費(fèi)多少錢”，故應(yīng)用no matter how much。 5. 答案：as long as I dont have

21、 to get up early解析：so/as long as表示“只要”，在句中起連詞作用，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。另外，根據(jù)前后句意，這里的“無須”應(yīng)翻譯為dont have to。動(dòng)詞 1. 答案：escape being scolded by his mother 解析：動(dòng)詞escape表示“逃避”，后面要求接動(dòng)名詞做賓語；而本句中主語“Mark”與“懲罰”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 2. 答案：fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate 解析：本句中“降低失業(yè)率的”應(yīng)該做“承諾”的定語，可以用不定式短語做后置定語來

22、表達(dá)。表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)（承諾）”也可以用keep或meet，但此處表示政府行為，故最好用fulfill.3. 答案：In order to finance my education 解析：不定式短語常位于句首做目的狀語。in order to 或 so as to 可以起到突出強(qiáng)調(diào)該目的的作用，但so as to一般不用在句首。4.答案：having peeked at his neighbors test paper解析：deny后面要求接動(dòng)名詞做賓語。此處動(dòng)名詞所表示的行為“偷看”明顯發(fā)生在denied行為之前，故應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞的完成式來表達(dá)。 5.答案：your delaying making

23、the decision 解析：首先，動(dòng)詞mind后面要求接動(dòng)名詞做賓語；其次，動(dòng)詞delay后面同樣要求接動(dòng)名詞做賓語。類似的詞還有：abandon, admit, advocate, appreciate, avoid, bear, consider, delay, deny, deserve, dislike, enjoy, escape, fancy, forgive, imagine, miss, prevent, practice, recommend, resist, suggest等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1. 答案：you neednt have put on your best suit解

24、析：neednt have done表示完成了本不需要完成的動(dòng)作，表達(dá)說話人的責(zé)怪、建議或遺憾之意。2. 答案：Mary couldnt have found her car解析：本句漢語部分表示有把握的否定推測(cè)，故情態(tài)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用can 或 could的否定形式，而所給英語部分的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，由此可知是對(duì)過去情況的一種否定推測(cè)，故用couldnt have done 形式來表達(dá)。3. 答案：she cant be at home解析：本題主要考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的推測(cè)用法。本句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在發(fā)生情況的否定推測(cè)，因此要用cant do 的句式結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。4. 答案：This film should have

25、 a fantastic box office解析：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should表示推測(cè)時(shí)， 暗含很大的可能性?！捌狈渴杖搿睉?yīng)譯為box office。5. 答案：you must have dreamed of something terrible 解析：所給漢語部分的“一定”提示本句是在進(jìn)行肯定推測(cè)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為must。所給英語部分的時(shí)間狀語提示本句是在對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事實(shí)作肯定推測(cè)，因此謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用 “must have +done”的結(jié)構(gòu)。主謂一致1. 答案：vote for my proposal解析：本題主要考查主謂一致。主語中含有某些連詞（except, as well as, besid

26、es, in addition to, along with, together with, including, no less than, rather than，except 等）時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)同這些詞前面的名詞保持一致。本題中，主語All the members為復(fù)數(shù)，所以謂語也應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。2. 答案：either you or he is not telling the truth解析：not onlybut also, neithernor, eitheror whetheror等短語連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與其相近的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。 3. 答案：has realized

27、the importance of learning a foreign language 解析：“many a /more than one+名詞單數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)在意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。4.答案：have been discussing the problem 解析：本題主要考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。由時(shí)間狀語和所給漢語中的“一直在”可推知，該句應(yīng)該采用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，根據(jù)句意和句中的themselves,句子的主語the committee在此處表示“委員會(huì)成員”，故謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。其它類似的詞family, class, staff, committee, audience, par

28、ty, board, team, government, council 等集合名詞作主語時(shí)，如果指集合體，謂語用單數(shù)；如果指具體組成部分，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。并列結(jié)構(gòu)1. 答案：either to telephone or to write the hotel for reservations. 解析：本題考查并列結(jié)構(gòu)。 “eitheror”常用于連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“或者 或者”本句中連接的是并列的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。2.答案： (to ) increase the production解析：本題主要考查并列結(jié)構(gòu)。由句意和句中的and可知，譯文應(yīng)該與to enrich the soil并列，故也應(yīng)該是不定式

29、短語，這里的不定式符號(hào)to可省略。3.答案：nor cares what happened to her解析：本題主要考查neither.nor連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)?！皀either.nor”意為“既不, 也不”用于連接并列結(jié)構(gòu),故本句中后面的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該與形式一致。表示“某人發(fā)生了某事”，通常用短語happen to sb.根據(jù)句意可知，從句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。4.答案：but history that makes heroes解析：本題主要考查并列結(jié)構(gòu)。notbut常用于連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不是 而是”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，要求翻譯的應(yīng)該是but后的分句，結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該與 not后的分句一致。5

30、.答案：but(also) tore up his manuscripts.解析：本題主要考查not onlybut(also)結(jié)構(gòu)。not onlybut(also)用于連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不但 . 而且”, not only所在的分句用的是一般過去時(shí)，故 but(also)所在的分句也用該用一般過去時(shí)。祈使句1. 答案：contact us at the following address 解析：空格前的please提示該句應(yīng)為祈使句，應(yīng)該以動(dòng)詞原形開頭?！芭c某人聯(lián)系”一般用動(dòng)詞contact， “以下地址”通常表達(dá)為the following address，介詞at與其一起構(gòu)成介賓短語

31、。2. 答案：remember to water it everyday 解析：本題主要考查祈使句。 根據(jù)此處漢語意思可知， 此處表示建議，因此最好使用祈使句表達(dá)，要以動(dòng)詞原形開頭。表示“記得做某事”， remember后面要接不定式。3. 答案：Follow your doctors advice解析：本句是祈使句的肯定形式，表達(dá)了說話者的建議或勸告。在“祈使句+and/ or+陳述句”的句型中，陳述句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用一般將來時(shí)。4. 答案：turn down the music解析：句中的please提示，譯文部分應(yīng)翻譯為祈使句，表示一種請(qǐng)求。5. 答案：Lets find a place

32、to shelter from the rain解析：所給漢語部分明顯表達(dá)的是一種建議，所以可以用祈使句來表達(dá)?！岸阌辍背？捎胹helter from the rain。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型1. 答案：physical exercise does contribute directly to a persons health 解析：本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型及短語contribute to。表示“有助于.”可以用be good to, help to, contribute to,由所給漢語中的“的確”可知，該句應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞，故應(yīng)在動(dòng)詞前加上 does。2. 答案：Its your ability to do

33、the job that matters most 解析：本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。所給漢語部分中的“才是”提示，該部分是要強(qiáng)調(diào)“工作能力重要”，所以應(yīng)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型來表達(dá)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was +強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他部分。由所給英語部分中的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可知，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的系動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是is。3. 答案：It was Jefferson who wrote 解析：由所給漢語部分中的“正是”可知，此處應(yīng)該用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型來表達(dá)。 本句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的主語。4. 答案：it is the regular use of physical punishment 解析：由所給漢語部分中的“正是”和漢語部分之

34、后的that提示此處應(yīng)使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型來表達(dá)，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語“經(jīng)常性的體罰”。對(duì)比和比較結(jié)構(gòu)1. 答案：not as /so widespread as was initially worried about解析：本題主要考查同級(jí)比較。所給漢語部分中的“像”提示， 此處應(yīng)該使用比較結(jié)構(gòu)asas來表達(dá)。需要注意的是第二個(gè)as后面的部分，其后可接名詞或代詞，也可接句子。接句子時(shí)，如果主從句的主語一致，從句的主語?？墒÷?。此處根據(jù)句意要求，as后應(yīng)接從句，從句的主語與主句的主語一致，它與“擔(dān)心”之間是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，而從句是表示“原來的情況”，故應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)。同時(shí)， 否定時(shí)，常用so代替第一個(gè)as2.

35、答案：the more I find this plan difficult to put into practice 解析：本題主要考查比較句式和短語put into practice。比較結(jié)構(gòu)the morethe more表示“越.,就越.”,可在more的位置上放相應(yīng)的形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。表示“實(shí)施計(jì)劃”常用短語put into practice。3. 答案：money is as precious to him as his life 解析：本題主要考查比較結(jié)構(gòu)。asas意為“像一樣，與. 一樣”4. 答案：far/much uglier in London than here解析：look為系動(dòng)詞，后面接形容詞；far, much常用于比較級(jí)前，用來加強(qiáng)語氣。表示倍數(shù)的句式1.答案：will be twice that of the old one解析：本題主要考查倍數(shù)的表達(dá)。twice/three times 等倍數(shù)詞+比較對(duì)象 that指代area, one指代前面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的building2.答案：increased by 50% compared with that of last year 解析：本題主要考查倍數(shù)的表達(dá)。表示“增加了多少”應(yīng)該用increase b