高中英語 二輪專題語法學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí)虛擬語氣語法講義04ifonlyasifwithout固定結(jié)構(gòu)知識點總結(jié)

1、高中英語語法學(xué)習(xí)/復(fù)習(xí)講義虛擬語氣語法知識點講義04【精講版全國通用】if only，as if，without固定結(jié)構(gòu)知識點總結(jié)If only和as if所引出的虛擬語氣用法1. if only后的句子用虛擬語氣if only與I wish一樣，也是表示與事實相反的愿望的，其后所虛擬語氣的時態(tài)與wish后所接時態(tài)的情況相同。如：If only it would stop raining!雨要是停了就好了。If only he didnt drive so fast.但愿他車沒開得那么快。If only she had had more courage!她再勇敢一些就好了。注：if only通

2、常獨立使用，沒有主句。2. as if (as though)從句的虛擬語氣以as if (as though)引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句或表語從句，有時用虛擬語氣，若表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時；若表示與過去事實相反，用過去完成時；表示將來的可能性不大，用would (might, could)+動詞原形。如：He looked at me as if I were mad.他瞧著我仿佛我瘋了似的。I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.我記得整個這件事就仿佛是昨天發(fā)生的。注：從句所表示的內(nèi)容若為事實或可能為事實，也可

3、用陳述語氣：It looks as if well be late.我們似乎要遲到了。This meat tastes as if it has already gone bad.這肉吃起來似乎已經(jīng)壞了。在現(xiàn)代英語中，有時即使從句內(nèi)容不是事實，也可能用陳述語氣。如如：I feel as if as though Im floating on air.他感到好像漂浮在空中。另外，還要注意It isnt as if的翻譯。如：It isnt as if you were going away for good.又不是你離開不回來了。without什么時候與虛擬語氣連用一、當(dāng)without表示“若沒

4、有”時，如果談?wù)摰氖且环N與事實相反的假設(shè)，要用虛擬語氣，此時它與but for的用法相同。如：Id be lost without you here.要是沒有你在這兒，我會一籌莫展。（事實是：你在這兒。）Life would be quieter without the telephone.要是沒有電話，生活就會清靜一些了。（事實是：我們的生活中有電話。）Without your advice I would have failed.假若沒有你的勸告，我想必已失敗了。（事實是：我聽了你的勸告。）I never could have done it without your help.如果沒有你

5、的幫助我永遠(yuǎn)也不會完成這事。（事實是：我得到了你的幫助。）Wed be better off without them as neighbors.要是沒有他們這些鄰居，我們就過得更愉快了。（事實是：我們有這樣的鄰居。）二、如果without談?wù)摰闹皇且环N普通的假設(shè)，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)與既定事實相反，則不必用虛擬語氣。如：Can you see without your glasses?如果不戴眼鏡，你能看見嗎？Wont you be lonely without her?要是沒有她，你會不會感到孤獨？Without anyone to help, how can we go on?如果沒有人幫忙，我們怎

6、么能進(jìn)行下去?if it werent wasnt for與if it hadnt been for用法一、基本用法這是兩個很常用的虛擬語氣句型，其意為“若不是(有)”、“要不是有”。如：If it werent for water, no plant could grow.要是沒有水植物就無法生長。If it hadnt been for the doctor, he would have died.要不是醫(yī)生救了他，他就會死了。注：此句型有可用but for, without等替換。如：If it hadnt been for But for, Without your assistanc

7、e we wouldnt have succeeded.要不是有你幫忙，我們是不會成功的。二、所用時間范圍原則上說，if it werent wasnt for用于談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在的情況，而if it hadnt been for用于談?wù)撨^去的情況。但實際上if it werent wasnt for有時也可用于談?wù)撨^去的情況。如：If it were not for their help, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.要不是他們幫助，這些困難我們不克服不了的。Were it not for this misfortune, he might never have been forced int