人教版高中英語選修七Unit1LivingwellGrammar課件

1、GrammarThe infinitive1. Tosee is to believe.2. It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings. 3. My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up. 4. I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. I. 判斷下列不定式在句子

2、中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?subject)(subject)(predicative)(attribute)5. A big company has decided to buy it from me. 6. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. 7. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed. 8. We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people. (object)(adverbial)(a

3、dverbial)(object complement)Conclusion: 不定式由“ to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能獨(dú)立作謂語。不定式在句中可作_, _, _, _, _, _。主語賓語補(bǔ)足語狀語定語賓語表語. 不定式在句子中的成分1. 不定式在句子中做主語(1) To act like that is childish. (2) It is not easy to learn English well.(3) It calls for a great deal of memory work to master a foreign language.Conclusi

4、on：為避免句子出現(xiàn) “頭重腳輕”現(xiàn)象, 常用 做形式主語,將真正主語的不定式后置。it2. 不定式在句子中賓語A. (1) She intends to talk about the matter.(2) He hopes to find a job soon.Conclusion：常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：want, wish, hope, expect, intend, mean, agree, promise, care, refuse, determine, decide, offer, attempt, manage, afford 等。B. (1) I was allowed

5、 to continue _ (use) the library. (2) When did you begin _(learn) English? Conclusion：begin, start, continue后既可接_又可接_作賓語，意義上無根本區(qū)別。to use/usingto learn/learning不定式v-ingC. (1) 請(qǐng)接著做同一個(gè)練習(xí)。 Please go on _ (do) the same exercise (2) 請(qǐng)做另外一個(gè)練習(xí)。 Please go on _(do) the other exerciseConclusion：go on后既可接 ，也可以接

6、 , 但意義不同；有類似用法的動(dòng)詞有：stop, mean, forget, remember, regret 等doingto do不定式v-ingD. (1) Have you decided what to do next? (2) I didnt know whether to laugh or cry about it. (3) Ill ask him how to operate the machine.Conclusion：動(dòng)詞learn, decide, know, determine, ask 等常跟“ +不定式（短語）”作賓語。疑問詞E. (1) I find it dif

7、ficult to work with him. (2) He makes it a rule to read newspaper for an hour before breakfast everyday.Conclusion：feel, find, make, think, believe, consider 等動(dòng)詞后如果接不定式做賓語，并且有形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語 (有時(shí)也可是名詞),常用 形式賓語,把不定式后移。itF. (1) We had no alternative but to fire him. (2) Peter is not going anywhere except to

8、work.Conclusion：介詞 和 后也可以跟不定式做賓語。butexcept3. 不定式在句子做表語(1) My work is to clean the room every day.(2) His dream is to be a doctor.Conclusion：不定式做表語常常表示主語的“職業(yè)、職責(zé)或性質(zhì)”。4. 不定式在句子中做定語(1) I have a lot of work to do.(2) She is the first student to come to school.Conclusion：不定式放在被修飾的名詞、代詞的 。后面5. 不定式在句子中做賓語補(bǔ)足

9、語A. (1) Father will not allow us to play on the street. (2) Mr. Smith encouraged us to stick to the plan.Conclusion：在下列動(dòng)詞后，常接帶動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語:allow, permit, encourage, forbid, promise, wish, expect, prefer, tell, ask, order, require, force, warn, instruct, consider, cause, invite, advise, persuade, get,

10、 leave 等。B. (1) The policeman saw a child play in the street. (2) The teacher made the students do all the cleaning work for their parents at weekend. (3) We noticed a stranger our dorm. (enter)Conclusion：在下列動(dòng)詞后，常接 做賓語補(bǔ)足語：let, hear, have, make, see, observe, feel, watch, notice 等.enter省略to的不定式注意：一旦將

11、這類句子中的賓語改成主語，或者說，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)，此時(shí)的“賓語補(bǔ)語”就成為“主語補(bǔ)語”了，故不定式符號(hào) to 不可省略。(1) A child was seen to play in the street by the policeman.(2) The students were made to do all the cleaning work for their parents at weekend.(3) A stranger was noticed our dorm. (enter)to enterC. With something to buy, he hurried to the s

12、upermarket.Conclusion: with/ without 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也可以做賓語補(bǔ)足語。6. 不定式在句子做狀語(1) To learn English well, I get up early to memorize English words every morning.(2) Im glad to see you.(3) He is old enough to go to school.Conclusion: 不定式（短語）在句子做狀語，主要表目的、原因和結(jié)果等。. 不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)1. 請(qǐng)告訴你的小孩不要在街上玩耍。 Please tell your child

13、 not to play in the street.2. 她檢查名字為了不犯錯(cuò)誤.She checked the names so as not to make mistakes.Conclusion：不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)為： . not +不定式. 不定式的時(shí)態(tài) 1. 不定式的完成式(1) Im sorry to have given you so much trouble.(2) She seems to have forgotten what she was looking for.Conclusion：完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作 。之前2. 不定式的進(jìn)行式(1) He se

14、ems to be eating something.Its nice to be sitting here with you.Conclusion：一般進(jìn)行時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，與謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。3. 不定式的完成進(jìn)行式She is said to have been working on the problem for many years.據(jù)說她研究這問題有好多年了。Conclusion：完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去開始并延續(xù)至現(xiàn)在。. 不定式的被動(dòng)式1. The new drug is to be tested (out) on 500 overweight patients

15、next year.2. The companys new car has to be designed in two months.Conclusion: 不定式的被動(dòng)式由“ to be +過去分詞 ”構(gòu)成。當(dāng)不定式與邏輯主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，要用不定式的被動(dòng)式。. 不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)1. 請(qǐng)告訴你的小孩不要在街上玩耍。 Please tell your child not to play in the street.2. 她檢查名字為了不犯錯(cuò)誤.She checked the names so as not to make mistakes.Conclusion：不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)為： . not +不定式CBACABAAABB. 根據(jù)漢語提示，補(bǔ)全下列句子。1. It had no effect except (讓她生氣).2. The question of (使用什么) has not been discussed.3. Ill leave him (自己解決這個(gè)問題).4. I have nothing (可擔(dān)憂的).to make her angrywhat to useto solve the problem himselfto worry about5. He asked (被派往農(nóng)村工作).6. (因?yàn)橛袃蓚€(gè)兒子