外研版八年級下冊英語知識語法歸納

1、 58/58 Module 1Hobbies語法剖析活用簡單句的五種句子結(jié)構(gòu).句子的種類按交際功能可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。按結(jié)構(gòu)可分為簡單句、并列句與復合句。.簡單句簡單句是由一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂語（或并列謂語）構(gòu)成，其陳述句的肯定式有以下五種基本句型：【主語(S)、謂語(V)、表語(P)、賓語(O)、賓語補足語(OC）】序號結(jié)構(gòu)講解例句1該句型中的謂語為不及物動詞。謂語動詞的前面可加情態(tài)動詞或助動詞。如果多個謂語動詞并列，可用and，but等并列連詞將它們連接起來。謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上須與主語保持一致。The first book came out in 2003.H

2、e is running fast.2SVP此句中的動詞為連系動詞，連系動詞常用的有be，bee等，部分行為動詞在某些時候也可以用作連系動詞，如:get，keep，turn，grow等。有些感官動詞也可以作連系動詞，如:look，sound，taste，smell，feel等。Trees are green.Mrs. Smith is a doctor.They are interested in P.E.3SVO此句中的動詞為及物動詞。動詞后接賓語時應該用及物動詞，若為不及物動詞則須在動詞后加上合適的介詞。He saw a film.Jim may visit his parents tom

3、orrow.4SVOiOd此句型中的謂語動詞是及物動詞，后面接兩個賓語，間接賓語一般指人，直接賓語一般指物。一般是“主謂間賓直賓”，也可以是“主謂直賓介詞間賓”?？山与p賓語的常見動詞有：ask，give，send，buy,sell,bring，pass，tell，show，teach，promiser等。I will give you a book.She bought a present for her parents.5SVOC該句型中的“賓語 +賓語補足語”又叫做“復合賓語”，其特點是賓語與其補語之間是邏輯上的主謂關系?？山訌秃腺e語的常見動詞有：ask，tell，find，help，li

4、ke，take，make，let，call，watch，see，have等。The news made everyone happy.He wants me to help him.there be 句型there be句型的結(jié)構(gòu)是“there be +某人/某物+某時/某地”，含義是“在某時或某地有某人或某物”。從以上講解中我們可以初步掌握英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的一些特點：英語的句子以謂語為中心，前面是動作的執(zhí)行者，后面是動作的承受者。除了基本成分之外，狀語也很重要。狀語可以位于句首，也可以置于謂語之后。一般來說，置于句首的多是時間、條件和原因狀語，置于謂語之后的是地點、方式、原因、目的、時間和伴隨狀

5、語。一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別.時間上有差異一般過去時與現(xiàn)在沒有關系，與表示過去的時間狀語連用，如:ago，last year，just now，the other day等?，F(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在有關系,不能與表示過去的時間狀語連用。如:He has e back home.（說明現(xiàn)在他在家。）He came back home last year.（只能說明他去年回來過,不能說明他現(xiàn)在在不在家，可能后來又出去了,但至今未歸。).結(jié)果上有差異現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時都表示在過去完成的動作，現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)對“現(xiàn)在”的影響和結(jié)果，動作到現(xiàn)在剛完成或還在繼續(xù)。一般過去時強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在“過去”，和現(xiàn)在沒有

6、關系?！净顚W活用】單項選擇1）She _the piano for six years，but she doesnt play now.A. have playedB.playedC.has played答案：B從后半句可以判斷她已經(jīng)不再彈鋼琴了，說明前面的動作和現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)沒有關系，只是單純地陳述過去的事情，所以用一般過去時。2）We _ the museum yesterday.A. visitedB.visitC.have visited答案：A有明顯的過去時間狀語yesterday，可以判斷用一般過去時。3）I _ stamps since I was ten years old.A. c

7、ollectedB.have collectedC.am collecting答案：Bsince“自從”是現(xiàn)在完成時的一個標志性詞語，表示動作從某時開始一直延續(xù)，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時。4）I _ to school yesterday because I was ill.A. wentB.havent goneC.didnt go答案：C全句為因果關系，應該是“生病沒有上學”，所以否定A項；陳述昨天的事情，沒提到和現(xiàn)在的關系，所以應用一般過去時。5）I _ in Beijing for ten years.A. livedB.have livedC.has lived答案：B句意為“我住在已經(jīng)十年

8、了”，沒有任何其他提示，表示現(xiàn)在仍住在。典題精講經(jīng)典例題在對話的空格處填上適當?shù)膯卧~，使對話完整、正確，每空一詞。A: Mum，which TV program(節(jié)目）are you 1?B:Oh，Im watching a Beijing Opera.A: Is that2interesting than a football game?B:Yes，I think3.I prefer(更喜歡)a Beijing Opera4a football game.A:Er.but I dont likeit. Shall we watch a cartoon5?B:OK.Which6is your

9、favorite TV program on?A: Its usually7on Channel 8.B:But I cant get8.A: Well，it must9on Channel 6 then. Try that.B:Here it is.The cartoon10just begun. Lets watch it together.A: Thats all right.思路解析：1.從下文問話“我正在看京劇”中可以看出，上句話中問的是“看什么”。答案:watching2.從后面的than 可以看出這是一個比較級，因為interesting是個多音節(jié)形容詞。答案：more3.從答語

10、yes，可以看出是肯定的形式。答案：so4. prefer.to.“喜歡勝過”。答案：to5.提出建議“我們來看卡通片而不要看京劇和球賽”，要用一個詞表達此意。答案:instead6.從末尾的介詞“on”判斷，最愛的電視節(jié)目在哪個頻道。答案：channel7.上演或是播出,但注意主語是it，所以應用被動語態(tài)。答案:showed8. not.anything=nothing。答案:anything9.must后面要接動詞原形，be on channel 6 “在6頻道”。答案：be10.just暗示本句應該是現(xiàn)在完成時。答案:has黑色陷阱：本題有兩處陷阱，一是第6題，如果注意不到后面的介詞on

11、，很容易理解成“你最喜歡什么電視節(jié)目”，而本題是最喜歡的節(jié)目在哪個頻道，所以要填channel而不是program。第二處是第7題，很容易讓人憑直覺填be，說明卡通節(jié)目在第八頻道，陷阱是前面已經(jīng)有be動詞is了。所以填be 不對，并且還要注意動詞的被動語態(tài)的運用。綠色通道：解答此類題一定要先通讀全文，對對話的主要內(nèi)容有一個大概的理解，并充分利用好上下文所提供的信息，注意每一處細節(jié)，對號入座，對所填的內(nèi)容要進行檢驗，看句子是否通順，文章是否合情理。原創(chuàng)題根據(jù)表格和短文判斷正（T）誤（F）。Recently we have made a survey about the teenagers hob

12、bies. Heres the result.SingingPlayingputergamesGrowingVegetablesPlayingFootballDancingPlayingtabletennisCollectingDollsBoysGirlsIts very interesting to see the hobbies above. The teenagers like their hobbies because they like to learn new things and develop new skills. For example，playing football c

13、an make them strong and understand the importance of team work. Growing vegetables can help their family.(）1.The boys like dancing and singing.(）2.Both the boys and the girls like growing vegetables and playing table tennis.(）3.Collecting dolls can make the girls strong.(）4.Playing football is a tea

14、m-work sport.(）5.The boys dont like playing puter games.思路解析：1.F從圖表中可以判斷，喜歡唱歌跳舞的應該是女孩子。2.T從圖表中可以判斷男孩和女孩都喜歡的兩項是growing vegetables和playing table tennis。3.F收集洋娃娃不是一個鍛煉體能的愛好，所以不能使人變強壯。4.T從文中的例子可以看出踢足球能使人理解團隊合作的重要性，所以應該是一項團隊運動。5.F從圖中可以直接判斷此項描述不合文意。黑色陷阱：第4題考查理解能力，第5題考查反向思維能力。綠色通道：注意英文圖表題，一定不要落下任何一個細節(jié)，要從細節(jié)

15、中發(fā)現(xiàn)東西，也可以帶著問題去讀表。巧學法園地e out 一詞多義太陽星星升起，花兒綻放，消息傳出，新書出版，均用e out。Module 2Friendship語法剖析活用賓語從句在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。它是眾多從句中的一員，在復合句中作主句謂語動詞、介詞或某些形容詞的賓語。.賓語從句的引導詞1.陳述句充當賓語從句時，用that引導，that無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如：My teacher said I was a good boy.老師說我是個好男孩。2.當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時，用if或whether引導，意為“是否”。如：I am not sure if y

16、ou are right.我不確信你是否正確。3.如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的疑問詞引導。如：I want to know where he came from.我想知道他從哪里來。.賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序句式連詞語序例句陳述句That不變I think that we can be good friends.一般疑問句if/whether改為陳述語序I cant remember if I posted the letter.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞改為陳述語序He asked who was our English teacher.賓語從句與主句的時態(tài)要相互呼應主句是現(xiàn)在或

17、將來時態(tài)時，從句可用任何所需要的時態(tài)。主句是過去時態(tài)時，從句要用表示過去的相應的時態(tài)。但如果從句中有明確表示過去的時間狀語，則從句應用一般過去時，不用過去完成時；如從句表達的是客觀規(guī)律或真理時，用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：She said that the earth moves around the sun.她說地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)?！净顚W活用】單項選擇1）I hope_ it will snow this winter.A. whenB.ifC.whetherD./答案：Dhope 后面應該接that引導的賓語從句，that 在句中沒有任何意義，可以省略。2)I dont know _ Mr.Green

18、will e to see us.He will help us with our English.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where答案：A從下文的答語看，上文不知道的應該是“來看我們的原因”。3)I cant remember _ I have seen him before.A.whetherB.whyC.whatD.how答案：A本句表達一種不確定的概念，用whether或if。4)Do you know _？Im going to see him.Sorry，I dont know.A.where does Mr.Li liveB.where did Mr.Li live

19、C.where Mr.Li livesD.where Mr.Li lived答案：C賓語從句要用陳述語氣，排除A、B兩項。從句意判斷問的是“現(xiàn)在住哪兒？”。5)Where do you think _ he _ the puter？Sorry，I have no idea.A.；boughtB.has；boughtC.did；buyD.does；buy答案：Ado you think是插入語，可以把它去掉，分析句意應該用應用過去時態(tài)和陳述語序。6)I cant understand _ he likes puter games so much.A.thatB.whetherC.whyD.whe

20、re答案：C句意為“我不理解為什么他那么喜歡電腦游戲”。7)(2010中考大綱卷)Do you know _ the MP3 player last week?Sorry，I have no idea.A.how much did she pay forB.how much will she pay forC.how much she paid forD.how much she will pay for答案：C賓語從句要用陳述語序，由此排除A、B兩項，由last week判斷應該用過去時態(tài)。8)(2010中考大綱卷)I dont know _ tomorrow.Can you tell me

21、?A.when we startedB.when did we startC.when we will startD.when will we start答案：C由tomorrow判斷，應該用將來時態(tài)表示。典題精講經(jīng)典例題例1In the bookshop，a reader asked the shop keeper _Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if思路解析：注意本句中斜體部分是一本書的名字誰動了我的奶酪，本句含義是“一個讀者問書店管理員這本書是不是有趣”。所以答案是D項。答案：D黑色陷阱：本題

22、的主要陷阱是書名Who Moved My Cheese，它本身含有一個who,容易給人造成誤解。綠色通道：在英語中，注意書名一般都是斜體的，且書名的首字母是大寫的，注意把它看成一個獨立的完整的東西。例2I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with puters.A.that howB.how thatC.when thatD.that when思路解析：注意后面從句的含義是“比爾蓋茨十三歲的時候開始玩電腦”，應該用when表示“當時”，本句中的that是賓語從句的引導詞。所以選D項。答案：D黑色陷阱：本句結(jié)構(gòu)復雜，主要陷阱

23、設置在when 上，它在本句中起到引導后面的時間狀語的作用。綠色通道：做此類題，要慢慢理順思路，不要鉆牛角尖，當一種含義說不通時，從另一個角度或另一個含義考慮。例3(2010某某中考)I wonder _.Zebras.A.what do they call these animalsB.how they call these animalsC.what they call these animalsD.how do they call these animals思路解析：本句含義是“我想知道他們叫這些動物什么”，排除B、D兩項。另外賓語從句要用陳述語序。所以選C項。答案：C黑色陷阱：本句容易

24、譯成“他們怎樣稱呼這些動物”而錯選how，注意本句中隱含句型call sb. sth.含義是“稱呼某人”。綠色通道：解答本類題首先分析句意，確定引導詞，然后看好語序和時態(tài)。例4(2010中考)Im different from my twin sister.I love dancing，_ she is interested in reading.A.so B.orC.but D.and思路解析：本句是轉(zhuǎn)折關系，選擇C項。答案：C黑色陷阱：本句陷阱在于選項前后都是肯定句形式，不細讀題而誤選D項。綠色通道：并列句主要是根據(jù)句意來判斷前后兩句的邏輯關系，所以一定要把題讀完再作判斷。例5(2010某

25、中考)Work hard，_ you may catch up with your classmates soon.A.orB.butC.andD.yet思路解析：本句是“祈使句and”的句型，句意為“努力學習，你會很快趕上其他同學的”，and在句中表示承接關系，所以選C項。答案：C黑色陷阱：本題的陷阱是句型，本句型區(qū)別于“祈使句or”，這個句型的含義是“，不然的話/否則”。綠色通道：祈使句后面既可以加and，也可以加or，所以要全面分析句意，再作決定。原創(chuàng)題There are more and bigger tree-planting programs(項目）than any other c

26、ountry in the world.Since 1979，March 12th has been Tree Planting Day in China.Between 1982 and 2004，44 billion trees have been planted on 53.4 million hectares(畝）of land.In 2004，2.5 billion trees were planted in China.There are many projects(規(guī)劃） to protect environment.Here are some examples. In 2001

27、，Korea offered $6 million for a 5-year project to plant trees，starting with a project to prevent soil erosion（侵蝕）at the Miyun Reservoir in Beijings northern suburbs. In 2001 the Japan Bank for International Co-operation put in $ 67.5 million for tree planting projects in Jiangxi Province.They plan t

28、o plant 219000 hectares with trees by 2009. Nokia started a “Friendship Forestry” project.5000 people across Chinaemployees of Nokia，its partners and customersplanted trees covering 150000 square meters.They plan to continue and extend the project.根據(jù)短文回答問題。1.When is the Tree Planting Day?_.2.How muc

29、h money did Korea offer for a 5-year project to plant trees?_.3.What is the name of Nokias project to plant trees?_.4.How many trees were planted in 2004 inChina?_.思路解析：1.March 12th.從“Since 1979，March 12th has been Tree Planting Day in China.”中可以看出答案。2.It offered $6 million for the project.由第二段第一句描述

30、可知。3.Friendship Forestry4.In 2004，2.5 billion trees were planted in China.黑色陷阱：本題的陷阱主要是數(shù)字和一些專有名稱較多，容易讓人覺得文章很難。綠色通道：做這種題，可以用“地毯式”搜索的方法，同時注意答題盡量規(guī)X和完整。巧學法園地學習賓從三注意：時態(tài)語序和連詞。時態(tài)主從要呼應：主句若為現(xiàn)在時，從句時態(tài)隨句意；主句若為過去時，從句時態(tài)變過去；語序要用陳述序，切莫照搬疑問句。that連接陳述句，省與不省沒關系。從句若表“是否”時，if，whether 均可替。特殊問句作賓語，仍用原來疑問詞。三個問題須記牢，切莫丟東忘了西。

31、Module 3On the radio語法剖析活用動詞不定式和動名詞作賓語在英語中，介詞賓語常用動名詞，不用不定式。而動詞賓語，有用動名詞，有時用不定式，用動名詞和不定式意義變化不大，有時意義卻相差甚遠。有的動詞后面只能接動名詞作賓語，如：enjoy，mind，miss，finish，practice，suggest，feel like等。I enjoy playing basketball with you.我喜歡和你打籃球。有的動詞后面只能接不定式作賓語，如：ask，agree，decide，happen，hope，plan，promise，would like，want等。She pr

32、omised to return in an hour.她答應一小時后回來。有的動詞后面可以接兩種形式作賓語，表達的意思有的差別不大，有的差別很大，要根據(jù)具體情況區(qū)別對待。We should continue learning(to learn).我們應當繼續(xù)學習。（差別不大）I remember telling him the news.我記得告訴過他這個消息了。(已告訴)Please remember to tell him the news.記得告訴他這個消息。（未告訴）常見的意義差別較大的詞：1）remember，forget，regret等接動名詞表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，接不定式表示動作尚

33、未發(fā)生。2）stop doing 表示“停止做某事”，stop to do表示“停止(某事)開始做另一件事”。3）try doing 試著做，try to do 設法、盡力做某事。4）like，hate，prefer等詞后，如果表示一般傾向，多用動名詞作賓語；如指特定的或具體某次行動，用不定式時多?！净顚W活用】翻譯句子1）他停止吸煙了。_答案：He stopped smoking.2）我想要去長城。_答案：I want to go to the Great Wall.3）我許諾要幫他。_答案：I promised to help him.4）讓我試著讀讀它吧。_答案：Let me try re

34、ading it.5）我記得把信都寄出去了。_答案：I remember posting the letters.典題精講經(jīng)典例題假設你所在的學校要出一期英語壁報，你準備就自己經(jīng)歷的一件事寫一篇英語短文向壁報投稿。下面五幅圖記錄了你上個星期六與老師和同學們到南河邊參加植樹活動的全過程，請你就以下五幅圖寫一篇英文短文。注意：1.短文內(nèi)容要包括所有圖畫中的主要內(nèi)容。2.詞數(shù)：70903.生詞提示：桶bucket；鋤頭hoe參考答案：Last Friday，our teacher told us that we would go to plant trees by the South River t

35、he next day.On Saturday morning I got up at six thirty and went to school with a bucket.My classmates were waiting at the school gate with buckets and hoes.When we got to the South River，we began to plant trees on the river bank.On the river bank some students were digging holes，and the others were

36、planting or watering the young trees.After we finished our work，we were happy to see the young trees we planted on the river bank.思路解析：看圖要首先確定內(nèi)容要點：上星期五老師告訴我們“明天去南河邊植樹”；上星期六（第二天）早上六點半我就起床了；我?guī)е叭W校，同學們帶著桶、鋤頭在校門口等待；到南河邊，我們開始植樹（也可描寫勞動場面）；看著新種下的樹，我們都很高興。黑色陷阱：注意本文讓描述經(jīng)歷過的一件事，所以要用過去時態(tài)來陳述整個事件。綠色通道：做看圖作文，注意一定

37、要分析好題意，不要跑題，然后確定時態(tài)，最后再落筆成文。注意書寫過程中要力求規(guī)X，不要涂抹。原創(chuàng)題閱讀理解The first newspaper in the USA came out in 1690，and was made in Boston and called Public Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestic.It was stopped after a short time.The first lasting newspaper also came from Boston，and was called simply Boston Newslett

38、er.It was published(出版）from 1704 to 1722.The first real newspaper was the New England Courant which started in 1721.By 1783 there were 43 newspapers in the USA and by 1801，about 200.In 1835，James Gordon Bennet started The New York Herald which was Americas first modern newspaper.This was followed si

39、x years later by Horace Greeleys New York Tribune, which was the first American newspaper with national influence rather than just local.The New Times followed in 1851.1.Whats the name of Americas first modern newspaper?A.Boston Newsletter.B.The New Times.C.The New York Herald.D.Public Occurrences B

40、oth Foreign and Domestic.2.When was the first real newspaper start?A.1690.B.1835.C.1721.D.1851.3.Which newspaper has national influence rather than just local?A.Boston Newsletter.B.New York Tribune.C.The New York Herald.D. Public Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestic.4.When was New York Tribune publ

41、ished?A.1783.B.1801.C.1835.D.1841.5.How many newspapers were there by 1801?A.43.B.200.C.6.D.18.思路解析：1.C由第二段第一句話可以看出答案是The New York Herald。2.C從“The first real newspaper was the New England Courant which started in 1721”可以看出第一份真正意義上的報紙出版于1721。3.B從倒數(shù)第二句可以看出在全國有影響的是New York Tribune。4.D從文中可以看出New York Tr

42、ibune在The New York Herald出版六年后出版的，所以應該是1835 年加上六年，答案是D。5.B從第一段末句“By 1783 there were 43 newspapers in the USA and by 1801，about 200.”可以看出，在美國到1783年只有43種報紙，到1801 年，大約有200 種了。黑色陷阱：本題陷阱有兩個，一是第4題，問New York Tribune出版的時間，要計算才能得出結(jié)果；二是第5題，要真正讀懂句意，才能得出答案。綠色通道：做閱讀理解時，故事性的要通讀全文，找出主旨。說明性的則可以用跳讀的方法，查找有用信息，為己所用。巧學

43、法園地巧記跟動名詞作賓語的動詞英語中有一些動詞后面常跟動名詞作賓語，初中階段常見的有：finish,enjoy,mind,miss,be worth,practice等。這些詞句可按下面的順口溜記憶：完成實踐值得忙（finish,practice,be worth,be busy）繼續(xù)習慣別放棄（keep on,be used to,give up）考慮建議不禁想（consider,suggest,cant help,feel like)喜歡思念要介意（enjoy,miss,mind）舉例：Would you mind opening the door?你介意把門打開嗎？When we hea

44、rd news,we couldnt help laughing.當我們聽到這個消息時，忍不住大笑起來。Module 4New technology語法剖析活用If 從句（1）在英語中，表達“如果”要用if 引導的條件狀語從句。首先看一下它的結(jié)構(gòu)：“if 從句祈使句”或“祈使句if 從句”。if引導的是一個完整的句子，一定要有主語。如：If you need help，please call me.如果你需要幫助，請給我打。We will go out for a piic if it is sunny tomorrow.如果明天陽光明媚，我們就外出野餐。【活學活用】用if連接下面的句子1）S

45、he didnt know the way to the station.Ask someone around.答案：If she didnt know the way to the station，ask someone around.2）You are hungry.Go to the KFC.答案：If you are hungry，go to the KFC.3）You dont understand the article.Ask your teacher.答案：If you dont understand the article，ask your teacher.4）You don

46、t know the word.Look it up in the dictionary.答案：If you dont know the word，look it up in the dictionary.5）We get lost.Ask the policeman for help.答案：If we get lost，ask the policeman for help.典題精講經(jīng)典例題(2010某十一市中考)Do you believe there are aliens(外星人)? Well，make a phone call and you will know.A group of A

47、mericans can help.They made a device(裝置）to “talk” to aliens.If you want to talk to an alien，you only need to visit，call 1-900-226-0300 and say:“Hello aliens，this is Earth calling.Can you hear me?” you can say anything you want.But now，they only take phone calls from people in the US.The call is $3.9

48、9 every minute.After the hotline began in February，.TalkToAliens. has got hundreds of calls.There is one call every three minutes.They are also trying to send peoples s，photos and videos into space.1.If you live in America and you want to know whether there are any aliens，_.A.you can make a phone ca

49、llB.you can go to America for helpC.you can ask any scientist for helpD.you can talk to aliens2.TalkToAliens. is a place where _.A.you can get some knowledge about aliensB.you can talk to aliensC.the aliens liveD.you can make a set of device to talk to aliens3.Which is NOT right?A.Only from the USA

50、can call 1-900-226-0300.B.People from any country can call 1-900-226-0300 now.C.If you call the hotline for two minutes，you should pay $7.98.D.Every three minutes there is someone calling 1-900-226-0300.4.From this article(文章）we know _.A.there is only one call after the hotline began in FebruaryB.th

51、ere are some aliens in the worldC.some Americans are trying to send information about humans into spaceD.if you pay $2.99 for a minute，you can talk to aliens思路解析：1.A文章第一句話以自問自答的方式，告訴了我們?nèi)绻胍烙袥]有外星人的辦法打。2.B從“If you want to talk to an alien，you only need to visit .TalkToAliens.”中可以看出，這是一個可以和外星人講話的地方。3

52、.B從“But now，they only take phone calls from people in the US.”可以看出，不是任何國家的人都可以打這個。4.C文章的最后一句話，告訴了我們科學家正盡力把、照片和錄像等送入太空。黑色陷阱：第2題中的網(wǎng)址并非我們習慣上的理解查找信息或是資料，而是一個可以與外星人講話的地方。第3題要注意是選擇不對的答案，要審好題。綠色通道：這種科普類的文章，相對來說比較難懂，所以并不需要每句都理解，只要通過跳讀的方式找出有用信息，可以帶著問題去讀文章，例如最后一題，也可以采用排除法把絕對不對的答案排除掉，縮小信息X圍。原創(chuàng)題短文改錯：(每行有一個錯誤)It

53、 is important working at your puter correctly.1._You should sit in the front of the puter for too long.2._Make sure you take a rest for your eyes or your body.3._You shouldnt sit bad，either.Make sure that4._your chair，desk and puter is in the correct place.5._Dont hurt you hands-you should only type

54、 for short periods.6._Make sure what you look after yourself well.7._思路解析：1.workingto work2.去掉第一個thein the front of 表示“在（內(nèi)部的）前部”。3.orand此處不應是選擇關系，是眼睛和身體同時需要休息。4.badbadly應該用副詞修飾動詞sit。5.isare主語是多者并列，故是復數(shù)形式。6.第一個youyour此處應該用形容詞性物主代詞。7.whatthatmake sure后的that引導賓語從句。黑色陷阱：本題是改錯題，每一個錯誤都是一個陷阱，應認真審題，仔細分析，準確運

55、用所學知識答題。綠色通道：注意短文改錯的幾大常規(guī)錯誤：名詞單復數(shù)和所有格，主謂搭配，形容詞和副詞的混用，并列結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞形式、謂語時態(tài)、固定搭配、連詞混用等。巧學法園地不規(guī)則動詞巧記1.巧記AAA型動詞英語中有些動詞的動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞三者一樣，可以簡記為：擊中受傷讓吐痰，（hithurtletspit)去掉花費讀放砍。(ridcostreadputcut)2.巧記下列不規(guī)則動詞（A）sinksanksunk 沉下swimswamswum游泳drinkdrankdrunk喝ringrangrung響beginbeganbegun開始singsangsung唱記憶方法：沉下游泳把水喝，鈴響

56、開始唱山歌。（B）lieliedliedlying說謊lielaylainlying躺；位于laylaidlaidlaying產(chǎn)卵，下蛋記憶方法：規(guī)則的說謊，不規(guī)則的躺，躺過就下蛋，下蛋又規(guī)則。（C）catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaughtbringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtfightfoughtfoughtthinkthoughtthoughtseeksoughtsoughtbeseechbesoughtbesought（懇求）記憶方法：有a則a，無a則o。Module 5Problems語法剖析活用If 從句（2）if不僅可以構(gòu)成

57、“if+祈使句” 結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句意的需要，if 后面也可以接其他形式的句子。注意它有以下特點：1.if 從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時，表示未來的一種條件，從句中可以加時間狀語。如：If it rains tomorrow,we wont have a school trip.如果明天下雨，我們將取消學校的郊游。2.當if 表示未來的條件時，通常表示一種假設，這時如果主句是將來時態(tài)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。如：If you dont work hard,you will fail in the exam.如果你不努力學習的話，考試你會通不過?！净顚W活用】根據(jù)問句寫出自己的答案，注意時態(tài)。1)If you

58、 worry about too much,what will happen to you?_答案：If I worry about too much, my head will ache.2)If you get up late,what will you do?_答案：If I get up late, I will ask my father drive me to school.3)If you eat too much,what will happen to you?_答案：If I eat too much, I will put on weight.4)If you get lo

59、st in a new place,what will you do?_答案：If I get lost in a new place, I will ask the policeman for help.典題精講經(jīng)典例題閱讀理解(2010某中考) Sunny English ClubFor students16:00-18:00 Every Saturday200 yuan a month9 Zhou Yu StreetTel:3785290Foreign teachers,English songs and films and more!OceanMuseum9:00-17:00 From

60、 Thursday to SundayTicket:50 yuan132 Xue Yuan StreetTel:5439871Show you a full picture of sea lives!Health Centre9:00-17:3016 Yong Le StreetTel:3801451Free examinations for those over 70Give you good advice to keep healthy!1.Sunny English Club is for _.A.nursesB.policemenC.businessmenD.students2.You