17.3高中英語語法

1、17.3 并列連詞 并列連詞and和or1）and和or是用得最多的并列連詞，可以連接：a. 兩個并列的動詞： We were singing and dancing all evening. He started to shout and swear. You can walk up or take the cable car.He never smokes or drinks.b. 名詞、形容詞等： Father and son went to New York by a morning train. She was sweet and amiable. Read it slowly an

2、d clearly. Would you like fish or beef? Its now or never, shall we chance it?c. 兩個并列的分句（句子）： I said it and I meant it. He had plenty of money and he spent it freely. Do you want a bath at once, or shall I have mine first? Do you want to leave now or would you rather set off later?2）and可連接兩個分句，表示“只要就

3、” Utter one word , and you are a dead man! Go straight on and youll see a church. Give him an inch and he will take a mile.3）or可連接分句，表示“否則”： He had to have a job or (he would) go hungry. Have a care what you say or you may regret it. Dont drive so fast or youll have an accident. 表示意思轉折的連詞表示意思轉折的連詞主要

4、有but，yet：1）but主要連接兩個并列的分句： All this he did, but it had no effect at all. James hasnt got a car, but his sister has. Shes been learning Italian for six years, but she doesnt speak it very well. Id love to come but I cant make it till 8 oclock.有時也可連接兩個并列的成分： The weather will be sunny but cold. The fox

5、 may grow grey, but never good. He no longer felt despondent, but happy and hopeful. He is not a novelist, but a dramatist. They see the trees, but not the forest.間或還可引導狀語： He tried to save it, but in vain. He glanced about, but seeing only the empty room.2）yet主要連接兩個分句： Though the sore be healed, ye

6、t a scar may remain. Jane said she was ill, yet I saw her in the street just now. They are ugly and expensive, yet people buy them.有時連接兩個形容詞： It is strange, yet true. The judge was stern, yet completely fair.有時還可與and和but一起用： I offered him still more, and yet he wasnt satisfied. Shes a funny girl, bu

7、t yet you cant help liking her.3）however，nevertheless，still等為副詞，但可起連接作用，表示意思的轉折：However: His first response was to say no. later, however, he changed his mind. Sales are poor this month. There may, however, be an increase before Christmas. Ill offer it to Tom. However, he may not want it.Nevertheles

8、s: They hadnt trained hard, nevertheless (but) they won. Hes charming; nevertheless, I dont trust him. He was angry , nevertheless (however) he listened to me.Still: You did wrong. Still, Im ready to forgive you. Its raining; still Id like to go. He is naughty, (but) still you cannot help liking him

9、.All the same: Nobody wishes you harm, (but) they down you all the same. She is naught, all (just) the same we have to laugh at her jokes. I am sure shell say yes, but I should ask her permission first all the same. 表示因果關系的連詞1）for可表示“因為”，但引導的不是從句，而是分句，對前面情況加以解釋，常用逗號把它和前面的分句分開，這在書面語中比較多見（口語中多用because

10、，as，since等）： The days were short, for it was now December. He took the food eagerly, for he had eaten nothing since dawn. The children soon lost their way, for they had never been in the forest before.它還可以表示為什么有前面的看法（此時不能用because，as，since）： It must have rained in the night for when I woke the next m

11、orning I saw the grass wet. She must have gone out early, for she had not shown up at breakfast.2）so表示結果，可譯為“因此”、“所以”： Nobody seemed about, so I went in. The play began at eight, so they must dine at seven. She felt very tired so she went to bed early. Our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi.3）there

12、fore為副詞，也表示同樣的意思，但比較文氣一點，可以放在分句前： There is fog at Heathrow ; therefore the plane has been diverted. It rained; therefore the game was called off.也可插在句子中間： Hes out of the country and therefore unable to attend the meeting. He had finished the Times, there was therefore nothing to do. He had gone; she

13、 therefore gave the money to me.4）hence也是副詞，也表示類似意思，多用在說理性文章中，且多用在分句或句子開頭： My mother is by herself; hence I must go home now. Microwaves have got cheaper and hence more people can afford it. Hence he was annoyed by many unwelcome attentions.有時后面只跟一個動詞： The town was built on the side of a hill, hence

14、 the name Hillside. I fell off my bike yesterdayhence the bruises. 其他并列連詞1）其他并列連詞有下面這些，多連接兩個并列的成分：Eitheror: Either Tim or his brother has to shovel the snow. Shes either French or Spanish. I left it either on the table or in the drawer. You can either write or phone to order a copy. It was either pi

15、nk, red or orange. Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you.Neithernor: He can neither read nor write. They have neither natural gas nor running water. He was neither clever nor stupid. Paul came just at the right time, neither too early nor too late. Neither your mother nor I have a

16、ny other thought but what is best for you.Bothand: Youve given both your uncle and myself a lot of trouble. Sophia was both glad and sorry to see her. I decided to play safe both for own sake and the jobs. He both speaks and writes Swahili.As well as: John can speak Chinese as well as French. We shall travel by night as well as by day. The conflict spread everywhere, in villages, as well as into the cities. It is a political as well as an economic question.2）not onlybut al