主動表被動幾種情況

1、關(guān)于主動表被動的幾種情況第一張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Grammar一 動詞不定式 動詞不定式由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，可以在句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補足語等,但不能作謂語。第二張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2動詞不定式To do that sort of thing is foolish。I want to see you this evening.All you have to do is to finish it quickly.We found a house to live in.She came here to study English.

2、I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主語 賓語表語 定語 狀語 賓補第三張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3一般式：to be done, 完成式：to have been done。只有及物動詞和相當(dāng)于及物動詞的短語才有不定式的被動式。e.g. He asked to be sent to work in that factory. They had been warned many times before they carried out the plan.動詞不定式被動式(發(fā)生在謂語動詞

3、之后或同時發(fā)生) (發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前)第四張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4主動表被動第五張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 謂語動詞主動表被動 主動表被動 非謂語動詞主動表被動 第六張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月61. 有些不及物動詞或短語,如 exist, appear, happen, occur, come true, take place, break out, run out, 等常以主動形式表被動意義。我的錢用完了。(run out)我實現(xiàn)了夢想。（come true）My money has run out.My dream has come t

4、rue.一、謂語動詞主動表被動的四種情形第七張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月72. 感官動詞(feel, look, seem, taste, sound),和一些連系動詞(如 remain, keep, stay, prove等）常以主動形式表示被動意義。The water _ (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool.The ice-cream _ (taste) delicious.felttastes第八張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月83. 當(dāng)read, write, draw, wash, clean, burn, cook

5、, cut, wear,sell等詞與well, easily, quickly 等副詞連用時,常用主動表被動。第九張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月9The cloth washes well. The poem reads smoothly. The book sells well. This cheese doesnt cut easily. Its too soft. This shirt will wear very long. The floor doesnt clean easily. This kind of rice cooks more quickly than t

6、hat kind.第十張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月10Questions:1.When did the accident _?交通事故是什么時候發(fā)生的？2. When did the war_?戰(zhàn)爭是何時爆發(fā)的？3.Ice-cream always _ well in summer.冰淇淋在夏天總是很好賣。happenbreak outsells第十一張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月114. The music _ beautiful.音樂優(yōu)美動聽。5. As time went on, Einsteins theory _ to be correct. 隨著時間的推移

7、，愛因斯坦的理論被證明是正確的。6. Good medicine _bitter!soundsprovedtastes第十二張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月12二、非謂語動詞主動表被動的情況：1. 不定式to blame, to let/rent, to hire, to seek用做表語時，通常用主動表被動。Who is to blame?The house is to let. (該怪誰呢？) (此屋出租。)第十三張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月132. 在“主語+be +形容詞+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常 The question is difficult to

8、answer. Do you think the water is safe to drink? His writing is impossible to read. The strawberries are nice to eat. The man is hard to please. The room is expensive to live in .第十四張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月14有時形容詞后跟有名詞，在名詞后用作定語的不定式用主動形式表示被動意義： Its a difficult book to read. 那是一本難讀的書。 It is a pleasant th

9、ing to remember. 這是一件值得記住的愉快的事。第十五張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月153在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中例如：There is a lot of homework _ （do）There is nothing _ （worry about） to doto worry about第十六張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月164.在“tooto ; enough to”結(jié)構(gòu)中主動表被動。tooto也可用被動如：The problem is too difficult _ (work out) The house is big enough _ (live

10、 in).to work outto live in第十七張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月175. 不定式用于某些動詞的（have, have got, get, want, need）賓語后做后置定語時，主動表被動：e.g. I have some letters to write. I want something to drink.不定式與所修飾的名詞為被動的動賓關(guān)系，與句子的主語為主動的主謂關(guān)系時，不定式用主動表被動。第十八張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月18但是注意：I have something to type. (我自己打) I have something

11、 to be typed. (請別人打)所以：當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語和句子的主語一致時就用主動表被動，若不一致，則需用被動表被動。I have a letter to post. (自己寄) I have a letter to be posted. (請別人寄)第十九張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月196. be worth/ need / want / require/deserve/bear +doing,主動表被動In all, the book is worth reading. = is worthy to be read.Such a man as Mr Smith is

12、not worth helping.Such a man as Mr Smith is not worthy to be helped第二十張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月20The plants need wateringevery day . = need to be watered.The wall wants repairing =to be repaired. He is ill. He deserves sending to hospital. =to be sent to hospital. 第二十一張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月217.不定式與疑問詞連用e

13、.g. Which movie to watch has not been decided yet. I dont know what to do next.8. 在“with + 賓語 + to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：With nothing _ (do) ，he lay in bed With so many exercises _ (finish)， I cant go to the cinemato doto finish第二十二張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月221. 這些孩子需要細心照料。2. 他不知道接下來要怎么表達自己。3. 這個問題很好解決。Excercise!The

14、se children need looking after carefully.He didnt know how to express himself. This problem is very easy to work out.第二十三張，PPT共二十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月234. Im going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything _ to your parents?5. I have a meeting to_ today.（今天我有一個會議要參加。）6. Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter _ ?7. There is nothing