動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)課件(PPT 39頁)

1、動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)虛擬語氣非謂語動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞動(dòng)詞的分類第1頁，共39頁。時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的主要考點(diǎn)1、考查在語境中判斷動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用能力。?？嫉臅r(shí)態(tài)為：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過去、一般將來、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行、過去進(jìn)行、現(xiàn)在完成、過去完成、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行、過去將來等。2、時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)； 主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問題。3、幾種時(shí)態(tài)的替代問題.第2頁，共39頁。一般現(xiàn)在4. every , sometimes,at , on Sundays 現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行過去進(jìn)行過去完成過去將來一般將來一般過去1. for, since, so far, ever, never, just,

2、yet, in the past years, up to now, in the past years, recently 5. yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 2. 多用在間接引語中表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作以后的動(dòng)作6. before, 8. next, tomorrow, in 3. now7. this morning, the whole morning, all day, at 8 last evening, from nine to ten last evening48713625第

3、3頁，共39頁。最常用的幾種時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間狀語的搭配一般現(xiàn)在every , sometimes,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行now, 現(xiàn)在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般過去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 過去進(jìn)行this morning, the whole morning, all day, from nine to ten las

4、t evening when過去完成before一般將來next, tomorrow, in 過去將來多用在間接引語中表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作以后的動(dòng)作第4頁，共39頁。解動(dòng)詞填空題“三步曲”1.I (have) this book for 2 weeks.have hadare planted一看時(shí)間狀語2.Every year, many trees (plant) along the river. 3.Keep quiet, please! They (have) a lesson.are having4.-Hi,Lin Tao. I didnt see you at the party. -

5、Oh, I (get) ready for the exam.was getting5.Tom (go) to bed early， but his brother doesnt.6. Listen! Jims radio (make) a loudnoise. Would you please tell him to turn it down? goesis making二觀上下文聯(lián)系三找隱含條件第5頁，共39頁。1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1） 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作1. I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since th

6、e new year.A .will play B. have played C. played D. playHe plays Ping-Pong quite well. 第6頁，共39頁。1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法2） 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)或表示格言或警句。 Knowledge begins with practice. She said that the sea water is salty. In some parts of the world, such as in England , tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. serve

7、s C. is served D. served第7頁，共39頁。1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法 3）按火車、汽車、飛機(jī)等時(shí)刻表將要發(fā)生的事。此時(shí)句中有時(shí)有將來的時(shí)間狀語，但不用將來時(shí)。此時(shí)主語是物：車，船，飛機(jī)等 The train leaves at three this afternoon. 4）在時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。 If it is fine tomorrow ,we will go to the countryside. 第8頁，共39頁。2 一般過去時(shí)的用法 1）表示過去發(fā)生的，和現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。1.-Look! Someone has

8、spilt （溢出）coffee on the carpet.（地毯） -Well , it _ me. A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt been D. hadnt been2.-Ive bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. -Oh, how good a dad! But she doesnt like sweet things. _ that? A. Dont you know B. Havent you known C. Didnt you know D. Hadnt you known3.-Was Mary in

9、the office when you arrived there? -Yes , but she _soon afterwards. A. had left B. left C. would leave D. will leave第9頁，共39頁。2 一般過去時(shí)的用法 2）注意：一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別： 一般過去時(shí)表示一個(gè)完成的動(dòng)作，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示一個(gè)沒有完成且正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我寫了一封信。（信已寫完） I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我在寫一封信。（正在寫，不一

10、定寫完） 第10頁，共39頁。1.-Has Tommy finished his job yet? -I have no idea of it ; he _ it this morning. A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did2.As she _ the newspaper, Granny _asleep. A . read, was falling B. was reading ,fell C. was reading, was falling D. read ,fell第11頁，共39頁。3. 一般將來時(shí)1 .一般將來時(shí)表示計(jì)

11、劃、打算、企圖做某事或來注定要發(fā)生的事情。2 .表示將來時(shí)的四種形式will /shall +動(dòng)詞原形be going to do be about to do(正要干什么)be to do 第12頁，共39頁。 be going to 有很強(qiáng)的計(jì)劃性，打算干什么，而will表示談話時(shí)臨時(shí)決定的意圖，具有臨時(shí)性和偶然性。 -The telephone is ringing. -I _ answer it.A. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? -I _, but I

12、 had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did be going to 可用來表達(dá)某種跡象要發(fā)生的事。而will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! Its going to rain.第13頁，共39頁。3. be to和be going to 表示約定、計(jì)劃或職責(zé)、義務(wù)要求即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 be to do 安排將要干什么，有很強(qiáng)的計(jì)劃性，有時(shí)=be going tobe to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事.be going to 表示主觀的打算或計(jì)劃。I am to play footb

13、all tomorrow afternoon.Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.第14頁，共39頁。4be about to do 表示“正要干什么”， 表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。常與when 連用，when 此時(shí)意思： 就在這時(shí)，是并列連詞 構(gòu)成句型： be about to do when. I was about to leave when it rained. 第15頁，共39頁。特別注意（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來，特別用于車、船、飛機(jī)等時(shí)刻表中安排好的。The plane leaves tomorrow.(盡

14、管有tomorrow, 但沒有will ,be going to )（2）某些瞬間動(dòng)詞“go, come, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take ”等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 Ive won a holiday for two to Floria. I _my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have been 第16頁，共39頁。4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 1表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行而尚未完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 ，但說話時(shí)不一定正在進(jìn)行。I dont really work

15、 here. Im helping until the new secretary comes.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rapidly. A. will have changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will change第17頁，共39頁。5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1表示 過去某一時(shí)間正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 。通常有時(shí)間狀語（從句），或由上下文表示。 1.-Hey ,look where you are going? -Oh, I

16、m terribly sorry ._. A. Im not noticing B. I dont noticing C. I havent noticing D. I wasnt noticing 2.-Hey ,what did I say? -I _. A. Im not listening B. I was not listening C. I dont listened D. I didnt listen第18頁，共39頁。3 在簡單句中有at that time, then , this time yesterday / last week, at 10 oclock last n

17、ight 等具體的時(shí)間狀語用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。I first met Lisa three years ago . She _ at a radio shop at the time.has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked特別注意：與always連用，表示感情色彩。My brother was always losing his key.第19頁，共39頁。6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果， 有時(shí)沒有時(shí)間狀語，有時(shí)有時(shí)間狀語。They have cleaned the classroom.

18、(They cleaned the classroom and the classroom is clean now.)2 表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作狀態(tài)。He hasnt given me any more trouble since then.第20頁，共39頁。-When did he go to America? -Oh, he _ there since half a year ago. A. went B. has been C. has gone D. wasShelly _ California for Texas and _ there ever si

19、nce. You can go and pay her a visit on your way to Mexico. A. left, worked B. has left, had worked C. left, has worked D. has left , worked第21頁，共39頁。7.過去完成時(shí) 1表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”。請記?。篵y the end of +過去時(shí)間be the time +從句（用一般過去時(shí)）引導(dǎo)的句子或主句用過去完成時(shí)）第22頁，共39頁。1. The old man _ two days after he had

20、been sent to hospital. A. died B. would die C. had died D. has died 2. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon _ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned 4. I _ to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. A. hope B. have hoped C. had hop

21、ed D. hoped 5. Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come 第23頁，共39頁。8.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：have /has been doing表示過去某一動(dòng)作狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也可能將持續(xù)下去。 -Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work? -Yes, that why I _ t

22、o work by train. A. have been going B. have gone C. was going D. will have gone 第24頁，共39頁。9.將來完成時(shí)： will / shall +have done 表示將來某一時(shí)間之前完成的動(dòng)作，常與表示將來時(shí)間的狀語連用，如： by the end of+將來時(shí)間的短語, by the time +從句（從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)），這時(shí)句子或主句應(yīng)用將來完成時(shí) We will have finished the work by the time he comes back.10.一般將來進(jìn)行時(shí)； will

23、 be dong / shall be doing 表示將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 What will you be doing this time tomorrow?第25頁，共39頁。1.By the end of this month, we surely _ a satisfactory solution to the problem. A. have found B. will be found C. will have found D. are finding 2.The conference _ a full week by the time it ends. A. must h

24、ave lasted B. will have lastedC. would last D. has lasted 第26頁，共39頁。1.He stepped into the office, _ down and began to fill in the forms. A. sitting B. to sit C. sat D. having it2.She said she would telephone but we _from her so far. A.havent heard B.didnt hear C.hadnt heard D.wont hear3.When I got t

25、o the cinema, the film_for ten minutes. A.has begun B.had begun C.had been on D.was4.Ill go with you as soon as I_my homework. A.will finish B.finish C.am finishing D.finished5.If it_tomorrow,I wont go to the cinema. A.will rain B.rains C.is raining D.rained6.She is going to be a nurse when she_up.

26、A.is going to grow B.grows C.growing D.grew第27頁，共39頁。7.“這本書我已經(jīng)買了三個(gè)月了?！?，下列哪一句不對？ A.I have had this book for three months. B.I have bought this book for three months. C.I bought this book three months ago. D.It is three months since I bought this book.8. Come in, Peter, I want to show you something. O

27、h, how nice of you! I _ you _ to bring me a gift. A.never think; are going B.never thought; were going C.didnt think; were going D.hadt thought; were going9.When I was at college I _ three foreign languages,but I _ all except for a few words of each. A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten C.ha

28、d spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten10.The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _. A.has broken into; has been stolen B.had broken into; had been stolen C.has been broken into; stolen D.had been broken into; stolen第28頁，共39頁。11.The volleyball match will be put off if it_. A

29、. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining12.Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes13.The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _ in the office. A. had written; left B. were writing; has left C. had written; had left D. were writing;

30、had left14. Have you moved into the new house? No yet, the rooms _, A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting15. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. having happened第29頁，共39頁。16. Do y

31、ou know our town at all? No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming17. We could have walked to the station.It was so near. Yes, A taxi _ at all necessary. A. wasnt B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wont be18.If city noises _ from increasing, people _ shout to be heard

32、 even at the dinner table 20 years from now. A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to19.Tom _ into the house when no one _. A. slipped; was looking B. had slipped; looked C. slipped; had looked D. was slippping; looked20.The last tim

33、e I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. A. had seen; was picking B. saw; picking C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking第30頁，共39頁。Do you remember these sentences？A man is hurt badly. 2. Her lost books were usually returned to the library. It must be called a pen.第31頁，共39頁。Who wrote this book?Mark Twa

34、in wrote this book.=This book _by Mark Twain.was written第32頁，共39頁。被動(dòng)語態(tài):表示主語是動(dòng)作的小竅門： 我們可以這樣看被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成： be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示時(shí)態(tài) 表示被動(dòng) 要變化 不變化 It is produced in China.The tradition was revived by students承受者例如：第33頁，共39頁。 語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)v. /v.sam /is /are + Vp.p一般過去時(shí)vedwas / were + Vp.p一般將來時(shí)will + v.will be + Vp.p過去將來時(shí)would + v.would be + Vp.p過去完成時(shí)had + Vp.phad been + Vp.p現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have /has + Vp.ph