專題三（凝練句子）

1、專題三怎樣寫出凝練的句子 在英語短文寫作中，提倡使用并列句、復(fù)合句，因?yàn)槭褂貌⒘芯洹?fù)合句能增強(qiáng)句子間的邏輯關(guān)系。但萬事萬物都不能走極端，我們在使用并列句、復(fù)合句的同時(shí)，還要追求語言的簡潔性。這里的“凝練”并不等同于“簡單，單調(diào)”，而是合理地使用一些寫作技巧將松散的簡單句、并列句或過于復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句簡化，從而達(dá)到長短句結(jié)合緊湊，表達(dá)言簡意賅的效果。為避免句子冗長，通?？刹捎靡韵罗k法：一、利用非謂語動(dòng)詞、名詞短語、介詞短語、同位語、with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等將從句內(nèi)容濃縮成表意不變的短語。二、使用省略或替代來簡化句子內(nèi)容。三、避免不必要的或易引起誤解的迂回表達(dá)、累贅表達(dá)；避免使用空洞、多余的短語。例如：

2、1. Owing to the fact that I had a lot of work to do, it wasnt possible for me to accept their invitation.本句要表達(dá)的意思很簡單，可是一堆空洞的短語使句子顯得很累贅，改為下面的表述，意思就更簡潔明了。修改：I was too busy to accept their invitation.2. He is a man who is honest, who always pays his just debts, and who observes the golden rules in his

3、dealings with others.英語中比較重要的從屬概念可用從句的形式表達(dá)，其他次要的概念常用詞或短語來表達(dá)，因?yàn)榫渥颖榷陶Z顯得更重要。過多地使用從句會(huì)把主次概念相混淆，削弱句意的重點(diǎn)。修改：He is an honest man, who always pays his just debts, and observes the golden rules in his dealings with others.3. My hometown is a quiet, peaceful place. It is quiet and peaceful because of the small

4、 number of people living there.有時(shí)為了構(gòu)成平行的句子結(jié)構(gòu)或達(dá)到強(qiáng)調(diào)的目的，會(huì)重復(fù)使用某些詞語。但是，無目的的重復(fù)會(huì)導(dǎo)致句子累贅。修改：My hometown is a quiet, peaceful place because of the small number of people.即時(shí)鞏固1. 請使用非謂語動(dòng)詞簡化下列簡單句或并列句。He heard the childrens sad story in the war-stricken area and then he took out all he had to build a school for t

5、hem._I got back home and saw a message. It was pinned to the door and it read “Sorry to miss you, will call later.”_He was badly injured in the right leg and that made it difficult for him to run or even to walk as usual._The lecture started at 700 last night and it was followed by an observation of

6、 the moon with telescope._Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but because our work was not finished, we refused the offer. _Key：1. (When/On) hearing the childrens sad story in the war-stricken area, he devoted all he had to building a school for them.(When) getting back home, I

7、saw a message pinned to the door, reading “Sorry to miss you, will call later.”Being badly injured in the right leg made it difficult for him to run or even to walk as usual.Starting at 7:00 last night, the lecture was followed by an observation of the moon with telescope./The lecture, starting at 7

8、:00 last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescope.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work not finished, we refused that.2. 請使用非謂語動(dòng)詞簡化下列復(fù)合句。When she was asked why she was late for work this morning, Mary said that she wrongly set the alarm time la

9、st night before she went to bed._As she felt that things were getting more and more urgent, Batty decided to report it to the police._He started his own enterprise of chicken raising with much borrowed money, and he hoped to gain good wealth._Because people believed the earth to be flat, many of the

10、m feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth. _People expect that the technique will be used in the study and treatment of nerve disorders such as Parkinsons disease._Key: 2. When asked why she was late for work this morning, Mary said that she wrongly set the alarm time last night be

11、fore going to bed.Feeling that things were getting more and more urgent, Batty decided to report it to the police.He started his own enterprise of chicken raising with much borrowed money, hoping to gain good wealth.Believing the earth to be flat, many people feared that Columbus would fall off the

12、edge of the earth.The technique is expected to be used in the study and treatment of nerve disorders such as Parkinsons disease.3. 請使用名詞(短語)、動(dòng)詞、介詞短語、with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、同位語等形式簡化下列句子。We left the farm and took the school bus back home. At that time the moon just appeared._Having worked for almost ten hours in th

13、e hospital, he lay in the couch and he felt tired and hungry. _The English that he spoke was so fluent and beautiful that all of us took him for someone who comes from Britain or America._At the party, there will be many programs. And singing, dancing and reading poems will be part of them. _What id

14、ea do you want to express when you frequently mention Mr. Blair, who directs our project?_Key：3. With the moon appearing, we left the farm and took the school bus back home. Having worked for almost ten hours in the hospital, he lay in the couch, tired and hungry.His spoken English was so fluent and

15、 beautiful that all of us took him for someone from Britain or America. At the party, there will be many programs, such as singing, dancing and reading poems.What do you mean when you frequently mention Mr. Blair, director of our project?4. 用非謂語動(dòng)詞(短語)改寫短文中的畫線部分內(nèi)容。Several years ago, while I was atten

16、ding a communication course, I experienced a most unusual progress. The instructor asked us to list anything in our past that we felt ashamed of. The next week he invited participants to read their lists aloud. This seemed like a very private process, but theres always some brave souls in the crowd

17、who will volunteer. As people read their lists, mine grew longer. After three weeks, I had 101 items on my list. The instructor suggested that we find ways to make amends, apologize to people, or take some actionThe next week, the man called Jimmy raised his hand and volunteered this story.“While ma

18、king my list, I remembered an incident from high school. There was a police officer Brown in our town that we hated. One night, my two friends and I decided to play a trick on him. After drinking a few beers, we found a can of red paint, climbed the tall water tank and wrote on the tank: Brown is an so.b. The next day, the town arose to see our glorious sign. Within two