專升本輔導(dǎo)狀語從句課件

1、The Adverbial Clause(狀語從句)一,什么是狀語從句狀語從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語,來說明一件事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),原因,條件,結(jié)果等.二,狀語從句的分類時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，條件，原因，讓步，目的，方式，結(jié)果，比較一 時(shí)間狀語從句 when / wheneverWhen I came into the room, he was writing a letter.當(dāng)我進(jìn)屋時(shí)，他正在寫信。We shall go there whenever we are free.我們什么時(shí)間有空，我們就去那里。when指的是“某一具體的時(shí)間”。whenever指的是“在任何一個不具體的時(shí)間”。2 when

2、/ while/ asWhen 既可指某一時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可指一段時(shí)間; while指“在某一段時(shí)間里”，“在期間”，引導(dǎo)的動作必須是持續(xù)性的; as強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生。,翻譯成”一邊一邊”When he returned, his wife was cooking.While he was reading, his wife was cooking.As he was reading, he was listening to the radio.注意:when / while都可以做并列連詞,連接并列句,when表示 “就在這時(shí)”和 “was doing”, “had just done

3、”和 “was about to do”連用;while則表示轉(zhuǎn)折“然而”I was walking in the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.我正在街上走著，就在這時(shí)忽然有人從后面拍我的肩膀。 My father was cooking while my mother was playing cards.3 “一就”As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, Ill write to you.upon(on)+V-ing /n. at+n. The crying b

4、oy smiled at the sight of his mother.on arriving (leaving, returning)2.immediately +句子3.the +時(shí)間名詞(minute/moment )+句子hardlywhenno soonerthan我剛一到家，就下雨了。 I had hardly got home when it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.=No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.4 before It

5、 will be +一段時(shí)間+before從句(does) 要過才能做It will not be +一段時(shí)間+before從句 要不了 就能做It was +一段時(shí)間+before從句(did)過了做了It was not+一段時(shí)間+before從句(did) 沒過做了5 sinceIt is/ has been +一段時(shí)間since 從句(did)It is 10 years since I smoked.(=I gave up smoking/dropped smoking) 自從我不抽煙已有10年了.延續(xù)性動詞:反過來翻譯短暫性動詞:直譯6 till /until(在句首、與not無間

6、隔連用及在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中只用until)We waited till (until)he came back .我們一直等到他回來。She didnt stop working until eleven oclock .她到11點(diǎn)鐘才停止工作。如主句動詞是延續(xù)性動作，常用肯定式，表示“直到為止”;如主句動詞是瞬間動詞，常用否定式，表示“直到才”not until 句型與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)合I didnt go to sleep until he came back.與倒裝句式結(jié)合It was not until he came back that I went to sleep.Not until he c

7、ame back did I go to sleep.三 原因狀語從句because / sincebecause表示直接的原因,具有很強(qiáng)的因果關(guān)系,專門回答對 “why”的提問; since=now that, 表示很明顯的原因,翻譯成“既然”，通常放句首;Eg: It was because his mother was badly ill that he was unhappy. Since everyone knows it, I will not say anything.for 不是從屬連詞，而是并列連詞。它不是用來說明原因，而是用來表示一種附帶或補(bǔ)充解釋、說明，不放在句首。The

8、 day breaks, for the birds are singing.四 條件狀語從句1, 連接詞：if , unless( ifnot), so/as long as, 2, 注意點(diǎn)：分清真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句，非真實(shí)條件句中要用虛擬語氣If I were you, I would ask the police for help. 條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)在條件狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句中,表示與事實(shí)相反的條件和結(jié)果。1) 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：If 從句 , 主句 +V原 2)與過去事實(shí)相反：If 從句had Ved ,主句 +have Ved3)與將來事實(shí)相反：If 從句 ,

9、主句 +V原wereV-edshould (wouldcould, might)should (wouldcould, might)didshouldwere toshould (wouldcould, might)1、表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果eg.If I were you ,I would go at once.我是你的話，我會馬上走。eg.If my brother were here, everything would be all right.要是我哥在這兒，一切都沒問題了。2.表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)或結(jié)果eg.If you had come a few minutes ea

10、rlier, you would/could/might have met the famous singer. 如果你早來幾分鐘的話，你就會（可能會）見到那個著名歌唱家。eg.If I had had the money last week, I should /would/could/might have bought a car.如果我上星期有了這筆錢，我就會（可能）買1輛車。3、表示與將來事實(shí)可能相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果eg.If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。If it should rain,

11、 the crops would be saved.假如天下雨，莊稼就一定（有可能）得救。If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out .如果今晚下雪，他們將不出去了。五 目的狀語從句so that/ in order that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,常用情態(tài)動詞may (might)/ can (could) /should 等連用.I raised my voice so that everyone could hear me.六 結(jié)果狀語從句so that/sothat/suchthatI raised my voice, so

12、that everyone heard me.He was so excited that he couldnt say a word. She told us such an interesting story that we all forgot the time.sothat的so后面跟形容詞或副詞;such 在主句中修飾名詞Draw a cat as I taught you .按照我教你的畫一只貓。Do as you are told.按照人家告訴你做的去做。七 方式狀語從句as，按照或正如They treat the black boy as if (though) he were

13、 an animal.他們對待這黑孩子仿佛他是一頭牲口。as if/as though好象,似乎 八 讓步狀語從句though/although不能與but連用, 但可與yet或still連用Although (Though) he was over sixty,(yet) he began to learn French.even if/even though“即使,縱使”有退一步設(shè)想的意味，多用于書面語中。 Ill go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.即使明天下雨，我也要去。 no matter +疑問詞 /wheveras 倒裝句 Child as

14、 he is , he knows a lot . 盡管他是一個孩子，但他懂得很多。 Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors. 盡管天氣冷，但孩子們?nèi)栽趹敉馔?。Do it no matter what others say.No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.as引出的狀語從句多用于書面語，它比用though引導(dǎo)的從句，語氣強(qiáng)，更有表現(xiàn)力，從句常放在句首，語序部分倒裝。 九 比 較 狀 語 從 句asas not so asthe same assuchasthanHis book is the same as mi