專升本輔導狀語從句課件

1、The Adverbial Clause(狀語從句)一,什么是狀語從句狀語從句在復合句中作狀語,來說明一件事情發(fā)生的時間,地點,原因,條件,結果等.二,狀語從句的分類時間，地點，條件，原因，讓步，目的，方式，結果，比較一 時間狀語從句 when / wheneverWhen I came into the room, he was writing a letter.當我進屋時，他正在寫信。We shall go there whenever we are free.我們什么時間有空，我們就去那里。when指的是“某一具體的時間”。whenever指的是“在任何一個不具體的時間”。2 when

2、/ while/ asWhen 既可指某一時間點,也可指一段時間; while指“在某一段時間里”，“在期間”，引導的動作必須是持續(xù)性的; as強調主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生。,翻譯成”一邊一邊”When he returned, his wife was cooking.While he was reading, his wife was cooking.As he was reading, he was listening to the radio.注意:when / while都可以做并列連詞,連接并列句,when表示 “就在這時”和 “was doing”, “had just done

3、”和 “was about to do”連用;while則表示轉折“然而”I was walking in the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.我正在街上走著，就在這時忽然有人從后面拍我的肩膀。 My father was cooking while my mother was playing cards.3 “一就”As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, Ill write to you.upon(on)+V-ing /n. at+n. The crying b

4、oy smiled at the sight of his mother.on arriving (leaving, returning)2.immediately +句子3.the +時間名詞(minute/moment )+句子hardlywhenno soonerthan我剛一到家，就下雨了。 I had hardly got home when it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.=No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.4 before It

5、 will be +一段時間+before從句(does) 要過才能做It will not be +一段時間+before從句 要不了 就能做It was +一段時間+before從句(did)過了做了It was not+一段時間+before從句(did) 沒過做了5 sinceIt is/ has been +一段時間since 從句(did)It is 10 years since I smoked.(=I gave up smoking/dropped smoking) 自從我不抽煙已有10年了.延續(xù)性動詞:反過來翻譯短暫性動詞:直譯6 till /until(在句首、與not無間

6、隔連用及在強調句中只用until)We waited till (until)he came back .我們一直等到他回來。She didnt stop working until eleven oclock .她到11點鐘才停止工作。如主句動詞是延續(xù)性動作，常用肯定式，表示“直到為止”;如主句動詞是瞬間動詞，常用否定式，表示“直到才”not until 句型與強調句型結合I didnt go to sleep until he came back.與倒裝句式結合It was not until he came back that I went to sleep.Not until he c

7、ame back did I go to sleep.三 原因狀語從句because / sincebecause表示直接的原因,具有很強的因果關系,專門回答對 “why”的提問; since=now that, 表示很明顯的原因,翻譯成“既然”，通常放句首;Eg: It was because his mother was badly ill that he was unhappy. Since everyone knows it, I will not say anything.for 不是從屬連詞，而是并列連詞。它不是用來說明原因，而是用來表示一種附帶或補充解釋、說明，不放在句首。The

8、 day breaks, for the birds are singing.四 條件狀語從句1, 連接詞：if , unless( ifnot), so/as long as, 2, 注意點：分清真實條件句和非真實條件句，非真實條件句中要用虛擬語氣If I were you, I would ask the police for help. 條件狀語從句用一般現在時表示將來時在條件狀語從句和結果狀語從句中,表示與事實相反的條件和結果。1) 與現在事實相反：If 從句 , 主句 +V原 2)與過去事實相反：If 從句had Ved ,主句 +have Ved3)與將來事實相反：If 從句 ,

9、主句 +V原wereV-edshould (wouldcould, might)should (wouldcould, might)didshouldwere toshould (wouldcould, might)1、表示與現在事實相反的假設和結果eg.If I were you ,I would go at once.我是你的話，我會馬上走。eg.If my brother were here, everything would be all right.要是我哥在這兒，一切都沒問題了。2.表示與過去事實相反的假設或結果eg.If you had come a few minutes ea

10、rlier, you would/could/might have met the famous singer. 如果你早來幾分鐘的話，你就會（可能會）見到那個著名歌唱家。eg.If I had had the money last week, I should /would/could/might have bought a car.如果我上星期有了這筆錢，我就會（可能）買1輛車。3、表示與將來事實可能相反的假設和結果eg.If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。If it should rain,

11、 the crops would be saved.假如天下雨，莊稼就一定（有可能）得救。If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out .如果今晚下雪，他們將不出去了。五 目的狀語從句so that/ in order that引導目的狀語從句,常用情態(tài)動詞may (might)/ can (could) /should 等連用.I raised my voice so that everyone could hear me.六 結果狀語從句so that/sothat/suchthatI raised my voice, so

12、that everyone heard me.He was so excited that he couldnt say a word. She told us such an interesting story that we all forgot the time.sothat的so后面跟形容詞或副詞;such 在主句中修飾名詞Draw a cat as I taught you .按照我教你的畫一只貓。Do as you are told.按照人家告訴你做的去做。七 方式狀語從句as，按照或正如They treat the black boy as if (though) he were

13、 an animal.他們對待這黑孩子仿佛他是一頭牲口。as if/as though好象,似乎 八 讓步狀語從句though/although不能與but連用, 但可與yet或still連用Although (Though) he was over sixty,(yet) he began to learn French.even if/even though“即使,縱使”有退一步設想的意味，多用于書面語中。 Ill go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.即使明天下雨，我也要去。 no matter +疑問詞 /wheveras 倒裝句 Child as

14、 he is , he knows a lot . 盡管他是一個孩子，但他懂得很多。 Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors. 盡管天氣冷，但孩子們仍在戶外玩。Do it no matter what others say.No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.as引出的狀語從句多用于書面語，它比用though引導的從句，語氣強，更有表現力，從句常放在句首，語序部分倒裝。 九 比 較 狀 語 從 句asas not so asthe same assuchasthanHis book is the same as mi