水木艾迪：考研閱讀理解沖刺之練習(xí)題

1、水木艾迪2006年閱讀理解沖刺之練習(xí)題（三）答案Text11Educationisanabsoluteimperativeintheemergingglobalknowledgesociety,sonewwaysofprovidingaccesstoeducationforamuchhigherpercentageofthepopulationarenowbeingdevised.Themostdramaticexamplesofaccesstoeducationarefoundinthe11distance-educationmega-universitiesfoundaroundthewo

2、rld.Indistanceeducation,thestudentisseparatedintimeorspacefromtheteacherorprofessor.ThelargestofthesehighenrollmentuniversitiesisinChina,theChinaCentralRadioandTelevisionUniversity,withmorethan3millionstudents.TheEnglish-speakingworldhastheBritishOpenUniversity,with215,000students,andtheUniversityof

3、SouthAfrica,with120,000students.Inadditiontothemega-universities,dozensofothernationalandregionalsystemsareprovidingeducationatalllevelstostudents.Thebasedeliverysystemforthedistance-educationmega-universitiesistelevision,supplementedbyothertechnologiesorevensomeonsiteinstructioninmore-developedcoun

4、tries.Somedistance-educationsystemsusetwo-wayinteractivevideoconnectionstoparticularlocationswherestudentsgather;otherssupplementwiththeInternet,andstillothersdeliveronlybyInternet.Withvideo-and-audio-streamingnowavailable,theInternetappearstobethetechnologyofchoiceforsystemswherestudentshaveaccesst

5、ocomputers.Ofcourse,thesetechnologiesmerelyaddtotheradio-deliveredcoursesthathavebeenofferedforyearsinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.Theprogramsandcoursesofferedvaryfrombasicliteracycoursestothehighestgraduate-levelprogramming.Hundredsofuniversitydegreesarenowavailablethroughdistanceeducation,where90%o

6、rmoreoftherequiredcreditsaregivenatadistance,asaredozensofmastersdegreesandasmallnumberofaccrediteddoctoraldegrees.Oneestimatesuggeststhat50,000university-levelcoursesarenowavailablethroughdistance-educationdeliverysystems.Therewillbetwomaintypesofeducationalinstitutions:thosethataddvalueincoursewor

7、kandthosethatarecertifyingagencies.Thecertifyingcollegesanduniversitiesarethosethatactaseducationalbankersforstudents.Studentswillearncreditsfrommanyplacesandhavethecreditsorcertificationsofcompletionsenttothecertifyinguniversity,thenthatcertifyinguniversitywillawardthedegreewhenenoughcreditsoftheri

8、ghttypehavebeenaccumulated.RegentsCollegeoftheUniversityoftheStateofNewYorkandThomasEdisonCollegeofNewJerseyarepubliccertifyinginstitutionsthatgiveaccrediteddegrees.OnevisionforsomeoftheremainingresidentialcollegesintheUnitedStates,nowservingmainlythe18-to-23-year-oldpopulation,isthatmanywillbecomec

9、ertifyingcolleges.Studentswillcometothecollegesfortheirsocial,artistic,athletic,andspiritualprograms.Thebasiccommoditythesecollegeswillsellismembershipinthecollegecommunity.Studentswillaccesstheircoursesfromcollegesanduniversitiesaroundtheworld,transferthecreditstothecollege,thengainadegree.Facultym

10、emberswillserveastutorsandadvisersandmayprovidesomecourseslive.(479words)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?TheemergingglobalknowledgesocietyDistance-educationmega-universitiesThelargestofthesehighenrollmentuniversitiesTwomaintypesofeducationalinstitutionsItmaybeinferredthattheInternetcouldbethetechnologyo

11、fchoicein.theChinaCentralRadioandTelevisionUniversitytheUniversityofSouthAfricatheBritishOpenUniversitytheEnglish-speakingworldWelearnfromthepassagethatthedistance-educationprogramsmayofferallthefollowingEXCEPT.virtuallyallthebasicliteracycoursesandthehighestgraduate-levelprogrammingnearly90%ofthere

12、quiredcreditscoursesformastersdegreesandaccrediteddoctoraldegrees50,000university-levelcoursesTheresidentialcollegesintheUnitedStates.serveonlythe18-to-23-year-oldpopulationprovidestudentswithsocial,artistic,athletic,andspiritualprogramsprovidecoursesfromcollegesanduniversitiesaroundtheworldmayprovi

13、dealotoffacultymemberstoconductcourseslivelyJudgingfromthecontextweknowthatamega-universityis.thelargestofthesehighenrollmentuniversitiestheChinaCentralRadioandTelevisionUniversitytheBritishOpenUniversityauniversitywithverylargenumberofstudentsText12Todate,over1billionBarbiedollshavebeensold.Theaver

14、ageAmericangirlagedbetweenthreeand11ownsastaggeringtenBarbiedolls,accordingtoMattel,theAmericantoygiant.AnItalianorBritishgirlownsseven;aFrenchorGermangirl,five.TheBarbiebrandisworthsome$2billion-alittleaheadofArmani,justbehindtheWallStreetJournal-makingitthemostvaluabletoybrandintheworld,accordingt

15、oInterbrand,aconsultancy.Howisitthatthisimpossiblyproportioned,charmlesstoyhasenduredinanindustrynotoriousforwhimsicalfadandficklefashion?PartofBarbiesappealisthatshehasbecome,accordingtoChristopherVaraste,ahistorianofBarbie,thefaceoftheAmericandream.Barbieisnotameretoy,norproductcategory:sheisanico

16、n.QuitehowshebecameoneishotlydebatedamongtheBarbiesorority.Somethinksheanswersaninnategirlishdesireforfantasy,role-playinganddressing-up.OthersbelievethatMattelhassimplymanipulatedgirlsaspirationstothatend.Eitherway,wrappedupinherpoutinglipsandimprobablefigure-buxombreasts,wafer-thinwaistandpermanen

17、tlyarchedfeetwaitingtoslipintoapairofhighheels-isanapparentlyenduringstatementofaspirationandwesternaesthetic.Sheis,accordingtoM.G.Lord,whohaswrittenabiographyofBarbie,themostpotenticonofAmericanpopularcultureinthelatetwentiethcentury.OfficialdomhasrecognisedBarbiesiconicstatus.TheAmericansincludeda

18、Barbiedollinthe1976bicentennialtimecapsule.Earlierthisyear,theAmericangovernmentburiedherinawomenshealthtimecapsule,alongsideapairofforcepsandagirdle.AsanemblemofAmericanasheissubjecttopastiche,derisionandpoliticalstatement.AndyWarholmadeaportraitofBarbie,theCampbellssoupoftoybrands.AnexhibitioninLo

19、ndonearlierthisyeardisplayedSuicideBomberBarbiebySimonTyszko,aBritishartist.Herhairwasblonde,herhairribbonred,andaroundherslenderwaistwaswrappedabeltofexplosives,attachedtoadetonatorhelddaintilyinherhand.Barbiehasnotcolonisedgirlsimaginationsbyaccident.MattelhasdedicateditselftopromotingBarbieasalif

20、estyle,notjustatoy.Inadditiontosellingthedolls,MattellicensesBarbiein30differentproductcategories,fromfurnituretomakeup.AgirlcansleepinBarbiepyjamas,underaBarbieduvet-cover,herheadonaBarbiepillow-case,surroundedbyBarbiewall-paper,andon,andon.ThereareBarbieconventions,fanclubs,websites,magazinesandco

21、llectorsevents.Shessomuchmorethanacharacterbrand,enthusesaMattelpublicityperson,shesafashionstatement,awayoflife.(449words)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?TheaverageAmericangirlagedbetweenthreeand11owns10staggeringBarbiedolls.WallStreetJournalisthemostvaluabletoybrandintheworld

22、.TheBarbiebrandisthemostvaluabletoybrandintheworld.TheBarbiebrandisworthmorethan$2billion.HowdidBarbiebecomeaniconaccordingtothetext?BarbiehasthefaceoftheAmericandream.Sheanswersaninnategirlishdesireforfantasy,role-playinganddressing-upItisMattelthatmanipulatedgirlsaspirationstothatend.Differentpeop

23、lehavedifferentexplanations.BarbiesiconicstatusisshowninallthefollowingEXCEPT.Barbiedollinthe1976bicentennialtimecapsuleShewasburiedinawomenshealthtimecapsuleSheissubjecttopastiche,derisionandpoliticalstatementBarbiehascolonisedgirlsimaginationsItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatMattelis.amanwhocreatedBa

24、rbiedollthenameofatoymanufactureranindividualorganizationasororityThebesttitleforthetextmaybe.BarbiedollsinUSABarbiesappealBarbiesappealandiconicstatusBarbie,themostvaluabletoybrandText13TherearemanyreasonswhyLondonisanattractiveplaceinwhichtoliveandtodointernationalbusiness:thetimezone,English,thes

25、hops,thetheatre-andthetaxes.AloopholeinBritainslawallowsmanyforeignerstoavoidpayingtaxonincomegeneratedoutsideBritainoronthedisposalofforeignassets.Inmostcountries,aforeignresidentsdomicile(homecountry)statusisdeterminedbyobjectivecriteria.InBritain,itslargelyuptotheforeigner.SoaGreekshipownerwhohas

26、livedinBritainforyearsbutsaysthatheintendstomovebacktoAthenswhencircumstancespermitistreateddifferentlyfromonewhosaysheintendstosettleinBritain.Thisrulehelpsexplainwhysomanyrichforeignerschoosetoliveinacitywithsuchrottenweatherandcongestedroads.Atleast60,000arereckonedtobenefitfromtheloophole;andthe

27、irconsiderableinvestmentsinthebetterstreetsofBelgravia,MayfairandHampsteadhaveinjectedmanymillionsintothetopendofthepropertymarket.Iftheypulledout,nastythingscouldhappentothepriceofpenthouses.SotherehasbeenconsiderablealarminmoniedcirclessinceGordonBrowndeclaredthathewasgoingtoreviewtherulesinlastAp

28、rilsbudget.Thereviewisexpectedthisyear.ItiseasytounderstandwhyaLabourchancellorwouldwanttoclosealoopholethatturnsBritainintoataxhavenforrichforeigners.Anditisntjustpoliticianswhodisapprove.Everytaxsystemtreatstemporaryresidentsdifferently.Whatisridiculousaboutthissystemisthisarchaic,subjectiveruleab

29、outdomicile,saysEdwardTroupofSimmons&Simmons,aCitylawfirm.Butthereareworriesthatifthegovernmentremovesthistaxloophole,Londonwillsuffer.ThechangewillaffectnotjustrichshippingmagnatesbutforeignstaffworkingforLondonsinternationalbanks.Whenevergovernmentshavelookedatthisinthepast20years,theyhaveconclude

30、dthatthebalanceofadvantageswasinfavourofleavingtherulesastheyare,saysJohnBattersby,ataxpartneratKPMG,anaccountancyfirm.Thereisntanyeasymoneyforthegovernmentbecausealotofthepeopleareinternationallymobileandwontstay.Sofar,theTreasuryappearsinclinedtocaution.IntheNovemberpre-budgetreport,itstressedthen

31、eedtobalancetaxfairnesswiththeabilitytoattractskilledlabour.Butrichforeignersarekeepingacloseeyeonthepromisedreview.(419words)ThemostimportantreasonforLondontoattractpeopletodointernationalbusinessis.thetimezone,Englishtheshops,thetheatre.thelowtaxesescapingpayingtaxThecaseoftheGreekshipownerinparag

32、raph2impliesthat.aforeignresidentsdomicilestatusisdifferentaccordingtodifferentcountriesaforeignresidentpreferstostayinLondonthaninhisowncountryaforeignresidentsmaybenefitfromtheloopholeofthetaxaforeignresidentsmaybenefitfromhisdomicilestatusThereasonfortheconsiderablealarminmoniedcirclesisthat.ther

33、ichforeignersmaynolongerhaveataxhavenlastAprilsbudgetwasreviewedtheloopholeofthetaxistobereviewedareviewoftaxpolicyisexpectedthisyearWhatwillbethepossibleconsequenceifthegovernmentremovesthistaxloophole?Peoplewillgetworriedabouttheirincome.SomeforeignstaffworkingforLondonsinternationalbankswillbeaff

34、ected.Thebalanceofadvantageswasinfavourofleavingtherulesastheyare.AlotofthepeoplewillleaveLondonandthegovernmentmayhardlygetmoney.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat.theTreasurywillsoonmakeadecisiontheTreasurywontmakeanydecisionthetaxpolicyreviewwillnotbemadeinhasterichforeignersarehappywiththepromi

35、sedreviewText14Scientistshaveknownsince1952thatDNAisthebasicstuffofheredity.Theyveknownitschemicalstructuresince1953.TheyknowthathumanDNAactslikeabiologicalcomputerprogramsome3billionbitslongthatspellsouttheinstructionsformakingproteins,thebasicbuildingblocksoflife.Buteverythingthegeneticengineershaveaccomplishedduringthe