英美文學選讀課LectureTwelve課件

1、Lecture Twelve The Victorian ageThe Anglo-Saxon (449-1066)The Anglo-Norman (1066-1350)The Renaissance (14-mid17th century)The 17th Century Romanticism (the first half of the 19th century)The Victorian Age(Critical Realism, 1837-1901)The Enlightenment (18th century)The Victorian Age Stretches from 18

2、37 to 1901, and this was the reign of Queen VictoriaThree Periods: the Early-Victorian (1830-1848)the Mid-Victorian (1848-1850)the Late-Victorian (1870-1901)The Early-Victorian (1830-1848)A time of rapid economic development as well as serious social problemsEngland became the “workshop of the world

3、” A sharp conflict between the rich and the poorThe Poor Law and The Corn LawThe miserable life of the working classWorking class life in VictorianGirl pulling a coal tub in mine. From official report of the parliamentary commission in the mid 19th century.ChartismPoster advertising the Great Charti

4、st Meeting.Chartist RiotThe mid-Victoria period (1850-1870) a period of economic prosperity with a revival of trade and production and social peace“the empire on which the sun never sets”.The Late-Victorian (1870-1901)the British Empire declined and the Victorian values decayedAbroad, Britain was fa

5、cing challenges from Germany and America;At home, the Irish problem remained unsolved.The Late-Victorian (1870-1901)The problems brought disappointment in EnglandPeople discarded the old moderate and respectable life style and adopted a loose and dissipating” life.Aestheticism “art for arts sake”The

6、 purpose of art isto provide pleasure forHuman beings but not tomoralize.Oscar WildeVictorian LiteratureCritical RealismPeoples anger and sufferings were reflected in the literary works in this period, and therefore, critical realism came into being.Critical RealismCritical realists exposed the soci

7、al evils and injustice, satirized the bourgeoisie and criticized the greed and hypocrisy of the ruling class. Novel was the most important literary genreThe most famous critical realists of the Victorian AgeCharles DickensWilliam Makepeace ThackerayThe most famous critical realists of the Victorian

8、AgeCharlotte BronteEmily BronteGeorge EliotThe Victorian PoetryLord Alfred Tennyson Robert BrowningThe Victorian PoetryElizabeth Browning Matthew ArnoldAlgeron Charles SwinburneThe rise of women writersDuring this period, thousands of women came to work in factories A challenge to the conventional i

9、deas of women and opened up new and wide spheres for them. A feminist movement started and women fought for their equality and freedom as well as educational and employment opportunities.Charles Dickens (1812-1870)LifeA hard childhoodWork at a factory and he worked 12 hours a day for 6 shillings a w

10、eekAt 15, he began working in a lawyers office.Worked very hard in the rest of his life.Died of overwork.Features of His WorksExposes and criticizes all the poverty, injustice, hypocrisy and corruption he sees around himA complex social attitudesFeatures of His WorksA master of story telling.His wor

11、ks are based on his own life.Especially good at child character portrayal. Dickens success with children lies in his writing from a childs point of view.Major Works1837-1838 Oliver Twist1846-1848 Dombey and Son1849-1850 David Copperfield1852-1853 Bleak House1854 Hard Times1855-1857 Little Dorrit1859

12、 A Tale of Two Cities1860-1861 Great ExpectationOliver TwistOliver TwistBased on the real life materials.Dickens depicts the life story of an orphan boy.He wants to give a picture of the underworld;He also wants to attack the workhouse systemOliver TwistOliver belongs to the gentry class, but grows

13、in the workhouse. He was trained to be a pickpocket.He is always innocent, pure, kind and full of love and honesty. 林紓（18521924年）中國近代著名文學家,小說翻譯家林紓（18521924年）托爾斯泰現(xiàn)身說法法國小仲馬巴黎茶花女遺事英國狄更斯賊史莎士比亞凱撒遺事希臘伊索的伊索寓言英國笛福的魯濱孫飄流記斯威夫特的海外軒渠錄美國斯托夫人的黑奴吁天錄 林紓憑借良好的古文功底, 翻譯富有創(chuàng)造性, 為原作添油加醋。錢鐘書認為林譯小說比原作好,詼謔保留,羅嗦去之,傳達原來的風格韻味,同

14、時以古文義法來結構西洋小說,同類詞歸譯一詞,調(diào)換詞序,刪去中國人不感興趣的內(nèi)容,故事情節(jié)的關節(jié)點不動,對原著中的弱筆進行適當加工改造,特別指出林氏譯筆有一種獨特的幽默感。以狄更斯小說滑稽外史第十七章為例,比較林譯小說的一段和狄更斯的原文, 認為譯作比原作更傳神。在文學史上,大量翻譯外國小說、溝通中西文化的, 林琴南是第一人; 不懂外文而又做翻譯家, 翻了這么多小說的, 他是古今第一人; 以古文翻譯小說, 獲得最大成功, 而又影響最大的, 他也是第一人。 -林琴南文學藝術, 鄧云川Discussion1.Please give some examples to show Dickens success in writing from childre