人教版新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)　特殊句式

1、語法專項(xiàng)提升語法專題十二特殊句式 英 語2022高中總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)GAO ZHONG ZONG FU XI YOU HUA SHE JI內(nèi)容索引核心考點(diǎn)分層突破 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練鞏固提升核心考點(diǎn)分層突破高考鏈接1.(2018北京, 單項(xiàng)填空)In any unsafe situation, simply (press) the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. press 句意: 在任何不安全的情況下, 只需摁一下這個(gè)按鈕, 一位訓(xùn)練有素的特勤人員就會(huì)來幫你。本題是 “祈使句+and+簡單句” 結(jié)構(gòu), 故

2、填動(dòng)詞原形。2.(2018天津, 單項(xiàng)填空)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat. that 句意: 只有當(dāng)汽車停在我們房子前時(shí), 我們才看到在乘客座位上的莉莉。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)為: It is/ was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語、賓語或狀語)+that/ who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人時(shí))+其他部分。考點(diǎn)歸納倒裝考點(diǎn)一 完全倒裝1.表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方位和動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞, 如當(dāng)there, here, now, then, up, down, out, in,

3、 away位于句首, 句子謂語是go, come, run等不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí), 可將謂語全部置于主語之前。但主語是人稱代詞時(shí), 不倒裝。Up went the arrow into the air. 颼的一聲箭射上了天。Look! From opposite the street come two kids, screaming in panic. 看! 街對面過來兩個(gè)孩子, (他們)驚慌地尖叫著。2.當(dāng)句首狀語為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語時(shí), 也常常用全部倒裝。South of the city lies a factory. 城市的南面有家工廠。3.such做表語置于句首時(shí), 也常常用全部倒裝。Suc

4、h was Einstein, a simple man but a great scientist. 這就是愛因斯坦, 一位樸實(shí)而又偉大的科學(xué)家。4.表語置于句首時(shí), 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“表語+系動(dòng)詞+主語”。(1)形容詞+系動(dòng)詞+主語Present at the meeting were some experts. 到會(huì)的是一些專家。(2)過去分詞+系動(dòng)詞+主語Gone are the days when we walked to work. 我們步行上班的時(shí)代一去不復(fù)返了。(3)介詞短語+系動(dòng)詞+主語Among the goods are flowers, candles and toys. 貨

5、物中有花、蠟燭和玩具?？键c(diǎn)二 部分倒裝1.句子以never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely等表示否定意義的副詞以及by no means, not until, not only, not a word, not a single, on no condition, in no case等表示否定意義的詞組開頭, 要用部分倒裝語序。Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land. 我在外國從來沒有聽到過演奏得這么好的美國音樂。Not only do the n

6、urses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well. 護(hù)士們不僅想要增加報(bào)酬, 她們還想要減少工作時(shí)間。2.當(dāng)句子用so, nor, neither開頭, 說明前面一句話中的情況也適用于另外一些人或物時(shí), 主語和謂語部分倒裝。Tom likes English, and so do I. 湯姆喜歡英語, 我也喜歡英語。3.在so/such.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中, 為了強(qiáng)調(diào), 把so/such提到句首時(shí), 主謂要倒裝。So moved was she that she could not say a word. 她感動(dòng)得一

7、句話都說不出來。So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others. 他跑得那么快以至于遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了其他人。4.as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)句子要用倒裝語序, 即要將從句中的表語、狀語或從句中的動(dòng)詞提到as/though的前面。在as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中, 做表語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不用加任何冠詞。Child as he is, he knows a lot. 盡管他是個(gè)孩子, 但他懂得很多。5.在省略if的虛擬條件句中, were, had或should要提到句首構(gòu)成倒裝。Had you come a few minutes

8、earlier, you would have seen him. 如果你早來幾分鐘, 你就能看見他了。6.當(dāng)only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句位于句首時(shí), 采用部分倒裝形式。要注意“only+主語”用在句首時(shí)不倒裝。Only when John walked into the classroom did he realise that he had left his book at home. 直到約翰走進(jìn)教室, 他才意識(shí)到自己把書落在家里了。Only you can help me. 只有你能幫助我。7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子。May you succeed!祝你成功! 8.neit

9、her.nor.連接兩個(gè)并列分句時(shí), 這兩個(gè)分句都要用倒裝形式。Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it. 我既不知道這件事, 也不關(guān)心這件事。省略考點(diǎn)一 不定式中的省略1.單獨(dú)使用不定式符號(hào)to代替不定式后被省略的動(dòng)詞, 常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, try, want, wish等詞后; 或放在表情緒的詞后, 代替被省略的動(dòng)詞, 常見詞有g(shù)lad, happy, pleased等; 但是, 如果不定式中含有be, ha

10、ve, have been, 則不應(yīng)省略。I asked him to see the film, but he didnt want to.我叫他去看電影, 但他不想去。He is not a lawyer now, but he used to be. 他現(xiàn)在已不是律師了, 但他曾經(jīng)是。Your work hasnt been handed in, but it ought to have been. 你的作業(yè)還沒交, 但早該上交了。2.感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞(feel, notice, see, hear, let, make, have等)后接不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)常省略to。I heard

11、 my father sing in the kitchen. 我聽見爸爸在廚房里唱歌。3.在由and或or連接的并列不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中常省略后面的to。I want to finish my homework and go home. 我想完成作業(yè)然后回家。4.在do nothing but, cant help but, why not, would rather.than., had better等句型中省略to。The little boy could do nothing but cry. 小男孩只能哭, 別無他法?？键c(diǎn)二 狀語從句中的省略1.在由when, while, if, as i

12、f, although/though, as, until, once, whether, where等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中, 當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致且從句謂語含有be時(shí), 可省略狀語從句的主語和be。When (he was) young, he helped his parents do a lot of housework. 他小的時(shí)候幫父母干了很多家務(wù)活。2.當(dāng)從句的主語是it, 謂語動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞時(shí), 可以把it和be一起省略。此時(shí)構(gòu)成“連詞+形容詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。Though (it was) cold, he still wore a shirt. 盡管天冷, 但他仍然穿著一件襯

13、衣。3.在if so/not省略句式中, 用so/not代替上文的內(nèi)容。Get up early tomorrow. If not(=If you dont get up early tomorrow), you will miss the early bus. 明天早點(diǎn)起床, 不然的話, 你就會(huì)錯(cuò)過早班車。強(qiáng)調(diào)考點(diǎn)一 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本構(gòu)成為: It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+其他成分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí), 可用who或that; 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指物時(shí), 用that。如: It was John who/that wore his best suit to the da

14、nce last night. 是約翰昨晚穿著他最好的一套衣服去參加舞會(huì)。It was his best suit that John wore to the dance last night. 約翰昨晚是穿著他最好的一套衣服去參加舞會(huì)的?？键c(diǎn)二 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的疑問句形式強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句形式為 “Is/Was it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他成分”; 特殊疑問句形式為“特殊疑問詞+is/was it+that/who+其他成分”。Was it in high school that you began playing basketball? 你是不是在高中的時(shí)候開始打籃球的? Where

15、was it that you put your mobile phone after coming back? 你回來之后把手機(jī)放在什么地方了? 考點(diǎn)三 not.until.結(jié)構(gòu)在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中not.until.結(jié)構(gòu)中的狀語成分在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中被強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí), not與until要放在一起。Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognised. 巴赫于1750年去世, 但直到19世紀(jì)早期他的音樂才華才受到普遍認(rèn)可。It was not until h

16、e removed his sunglasses that I recognised him. 直到他把太陽鏡摘下來我才將他認(rèn)了出來。附加疑問句考點(diǎn)一 陳述部分含有賓語從句的附加疑問句1.當(dāng)陳述部分帶有賓語從句時(shí), 附加疑問部分的主語與謂語常和主句保持一致。He said that they would come to my birthday party, didnt he? 他說他們要來參加我的生日聚會(huì), 是嗎? 2.當(dāng)陳述部分主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think, believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine, 且主句主語為第一人稱時(shí), 附加疑問部分的主語和謂語與

17、賓語從句的主語和謂語保持一致; 當(dāng)陳述部分主句的主語為第二、三人稱時(shí), 后面的疑問部分的主語和謂語與主句的主語和謂語保持一致。They dont believe he will succeed, do they? 他們不相信他會(huì)成功, 是嗎? 考點(diǎn)二 陳述部分含有否定詞的附加疑問句當(dāng)陳述部分帶有seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nothing, nobody等否定詞時(shí), 附加疑問部分用肯定形式。但帶有表示否定意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞時(shí), 其附加疑問部分用否定形式。He could hardly speak English, could he?

18、 他幾乎不會(huì)說英語, 是嗎? He dislikes playing the piano, doesnt he? 他不喜歡彈鋼琴, 是嗎? 祈使句考點(diǎn)一 祈使句+and+簡單句“祈使句+and+簡單句”表示“如果就”Contribute a bit love, and you will make the world a nicer place to live in. 只要你能獻(xiàn)出一點(diǎn)愛, 你就會(huì)使這個(gè)世界成為一個(gè)更好的居住家園?？键c(diǎn)二 祈使句+or+簡單句“祈使句+or+簡單句”表示“否則”Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or you can

19、t catch what he is saying. 上課時(shí)仔細(xì)聽老師講, 否則你聽不懂他在說什么。注意有時(shí)名詞短語可以看作祈使句。A few more minutes and I will finish the work. 再給我?guī)追昼娢揖蜁?huì)完成這項(xiàng)工作。感嘆句考點(diǎn)一 What a(n)+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事啊! What a happy day it is! 多么快樂的一天啊! 考點(diǎn)二 What+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!What beautiful butterflies they are! 多

20、么漂亮的蝴蝶啊! 考點(diǎn)三How+形容詞+a(n)+單數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!How tall a boy he is! 這個(gè)男孩真高啊! 考點(diǎn)四How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語!How well she plays! 她演奏得多好啊! 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練鞏固提升.單句語法填空1.(2020北京朝陽高三二模)If your kids are looking for something a little trickier, why let them try using magnets to make their own compass(指南針)? 2.It was your timely appearance

21、helped me out of the embarrassing situation. not Why not do.?為固定句型, 意為 “何不.呢?”, 常用來給別人提建議。 that 該句考查It was.that.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 3.It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbours.4.It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is,(make) sure its a relief from

22、 daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.that 句意: 就在我回到公寓的時(shí)候, 我第一次遇見了我的新鄰居。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的構(gòu)成為: It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其他部分。本句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是時(shí)間狀語從句when I got back to my apartment, 故用that。make 前面whatever it is引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 此處是一個(gè)完整句子, 因此只能用動(dòng)詞原形放句首, 構(gòu)成祈使句。5.You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the ho

23、tel the coach picks up tourists.6.Always (keep) in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.that 句意: 你等錯(cuò)地方了。長途汽車在賓館接游客。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的構(gòu)成為: It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其他部分。本句中at the hotel是被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分, 故填that。keep 句意: 始終記住你的主要任務(wù)是使公司運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)順利。祈使句省略了第二人稱you, 謂語動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形。7.Its not doing the things we li

24、ke, but liking the things we have to do makes life happy. 8.Overcome it we will be able to achieve our goals. that 句意: 不是做我們喜歡的事情而是喜歡我們要做的事情才使得人生幸?？鞓贰４颂帪?“Its.that.”強(qiáng)調(diào)句, 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的主語, 故填that。and 此處為 “祈使句+and+陳述句”, 故用連詞 and。 9.Dont forget to put the tools back where they were after you have finished you

25、r work, you? will 句意: 干完活不要忘了把工具放回原處好嗎?否定祈使句的附加疑問句用肯定形式, 故填will。10.It was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own plan. that 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu): It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子的其他部分。句意: 直到將近這封信的末尾她才提到自己的計(jì)劃。11.The teacher stressed that the students should not leave out any important details whil

26、e (retell) the story. retelling 本句是一個(gè)省略句, 由于主句的主語和從句的主語一致, 而且從句謂語中含有be動(dòng)詞, 所以可省略從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞, 故填retelling。12.It was only when I watched the film a second time I had a better understanding of what it was talking about. that 句意: 我再次觀看這部電影時(shí), 我才更好地理解了它討論的是什么。題干中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是only when I watched the film a second tim

27、e。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu): It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子的其他部分。 13.(take) a deep breath and you will immediately feel the spring in the air. Take 句意: 深呼吸, 你就會(huì)立即感覺到春天的氣息。此處是句型: 祈使句+and+陳述句。 14.At the top of the hill (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city. lies 本句為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語置于句首, 所以句子要用完全倒裝形式。主語

28、是an old cottage, 句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 故填lies。 .用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確順序填空1.Under no circumstances (children, should, be) allowed to drive. 2.Only after months of planning (ready, they, were) for the conference. should children be 此句為表示否定意義的詞組開頭, 要用部分倒裝語序, 故應(yīng)填should children be。were they ready 此處為only所修飾的介詞短語位于句首, 應(yīng)采用部分倒裝形式, 故應(yīng)填were they ready。3.No sooner (I, had, left) tha