專題完形填空經(jīng)典精講28上講義

1、完形填空經(jīng)典精講（上）主講教師：和英語教研組長開篇語題型說明完形填空是綜合語言知識(shí)和語言能力的試題。它的具體特征是：1、一般是一篇故事性的短文，難度相當(dāng)于高中第一冊課文。2、文章長度為 200-250 詞左右。3、挖空 20 個(gè)，空格之間的平均間隔為 9 個(gè)詞左右。4、文章的第一句話一般不留空。5、每空的備選主要是單個(gè)的詞，超過一個(gè)詞的只有 1-2 個(gè)。6、意思的考核代替了純粹的語法知識(shí)的考核。7、具有后線索的特征。8、具有連環(huán)題的特點(diǎn)。9、需要填充的詞重點(diǎn)是實(shí)詞。以名詞和動(dòng)詞為主。金題精講題一：From the time each of my children started school,

2、 I packed theirches. And in eachch, I 21a note. Often written on a napkin (餐巾), it might be ank-you for a 22moment, a reminder ofsomething we were happily expecting, or a bit of 23for the coming test or sporting event.In early grade school they 24 their notes. But as children grow older theyeself-co

3、nscious(有自我意識(shí)的), and 25 he reached high school, my older son, Marc, informed me heno longer 26 my daily notes.ling himt he no longer needed to 27them but I still needed towrite them, I 28until the day he graduated.Six years after high school graduation, Marc called and asked if he could move 29for a

4、 couple of months. He had spent those years well, graduating from college, 30 twoernship ( 實(shí)習(xí)) inWashington, D.C., and 31 ,ing a technical assistant in Sacramento. 32short vacation visits,however, he had lived away from home. With his younger sister leaving for college, I was 33happy tohave Marc bac

5、k. Since I was 34makingch for his younger brother, I 35one for Marc, too.Imagine my 36when I got a call from my 24-year-old son,37 hisch.“Did I do something 38?t you love me 39, Mom?” were just a few of the questions hethrew at me as I 40asked him what was wrong.“My note, Mom,” he answered. “Wheres

6、my note?”21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.A. carriedA. difficultA. congratulationA. lovedA. layA. receivedA. copyA. held upB. foundB. speC. includedC. comfortableC. explanationC. wroteC. by the timeC. enjoyedC. takeC. followedD. heldD. separateD. encouragementD. examinedD. graduallyD. collectedD. sendD. cont

7、inuedlB. improvementB. answeredB. by the wayB. understoodB. readB. gave up29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.A. outA.B. homeB. planningB. finallyB. Instead ofB. immediaB. againB. fetchedB. surpriseC. to collegeC. comparingC. particularlyC. Except forC. equallyC. stillC. boughtC. anger. caring forC.

8、 strangeC. once moreC. poliyD. to SacramentoD. completingD. certainlyD. As forD. generallyD. evenD. filledD. disappomentD. asking aboutD. smartD. betterD. laughinglyanizingA. hopefullyA. Because ofA. espellyA. onceA. packedA. fearA. waiting forA. wrongA. any moreyB. worrying aboB. funnyB. enoughB. b

9、itterlyA.erestingly做完形填空題要根據(jù)什么來判斷題一：根據(jù)環(huán)境特點(diǎn)Tom is notA. vegetableserested in sea food, so he didnt eat much B. flounder（比目魚）t day.根據(jù)因果關(guān)系He was badly ill, so he was .A. present根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折線索B. absentHe was badly ill, however, he was .A. present根據(jù)讓步連詞B. absentHe didnt the test, though he worked hard.A. pass根據(jù)動(dòng)

10、作順序B. failAfter she wrote the letter, she it and then it.A.ted/ signedB. signed/ted根據(jù)事物用途I like my , which gives me great helphe rain.C. PotA. umbrella根據(jù)反義詞B. bikeHe used to be lazy. But now he is quite .A. hardworking根據(jù)同義詞He made a lot of mistakesA. quite根據(jù)比較句型B. handsomehe last test. This time we

11、can still find a few in his pB. onlyr.We are shorterA. tallestn he, so he is the among us.B. shortest根據(jù)從一般到個(gè)別推理原則He is very clever, so he get the answer.A. can解題要領(lǐng)B. cant要想有效地做好完形填空題，應(yīng)該遵循以下原則：整體性原則：一篇文章就是一個(gè)整體，有自己的內(nèi)容、組織結(jié)構(gòu)和語言特點(diǎn)，即使文中刪掉了一些詞語，但仍給學(xué)生提供了足夠的線索、情景和信息，讀后仍能給學(xué)生一個(gè)整體印象。因此，對于學(xué)生來說第一個(gè)步驟應(yīng)該是跳過空格通讀全文，初步

12、了解文章大意，斷定文章的體裁和基本內(nèi)容。這樣才能做到心中有數(shù)、有的放矢地答題，提高答題的準(zhǔn)確率。連貫性原像句子不是把詞隨意堆積起來的一樣，文章也不是把句子隨意排列在一起的。詞與詞之間、句與句之間、主句與從句之間，均有一定的銜接性，這種銜接是一種合乎邏輯的銜接，既有一定的順序，又有其特定的線索。因此，學(xué)生在做題時(shí)必須始終注意上下文、詞與詞之間從意義到語法上的合理搭配。具體注意：1、答題前務(wù)必粗讀完型填空的全文，以便了解大意。2、細(xì)讀第一句，因?yàn)榈谝痪湟话悴煌诳?，到較多信息。3、第一遍做題爭取填出有把握的空，約占三分之一。4、第二遍做題則逐個(gè)解決，只留下個(gè)別不會(huì)的題。5、充分注意文中連接詞語的含義

13、與作用，細(xì)心品味全文脈絡(luò)。6、有時(shí)可根據(jù)動(dòng)作順序來判斷。7、時(shí)間關(guān)系是判斷的又一依據(jù)。8、借助上下文中的同義詞確定。9、借助上下文中的反義詞來判斷。10、利用構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)理解陌生詞。11、注意后線索的現(xiàn)象，的提示不一定邊。12、謹(jǐn)防連環(huán)題，各題之間有一定聯(lián)系。13、決定好后要注意不但在單句中合理、從全文看也合理。14、實(shí)在不會(huì)的要猜，不要不填。15、短文結(jié)尾常常是點(diǎn)睛之筆，說明全文的中心，應(yīng)認(rèn)真體會(huì)。提高措施1、閱讀是解完型填空的首要能力。它是做好完形填空的基礎(chǔ)。讀得不好，單純練完形填空高不了。也提2、寫作與完型也是不可分的。會(huì)造句，會(huì)寫小短文，會(huì)筆頭表達(dá)自己的要條件。，是做好完形填空的重3、起點(diǎn)要低，不可操之過急。練習(xí)完形填空，應(yīng)從較短、較容易的文章入手，不要一上來就做高考模擬試題。有時(shí)可練不帶選項(xiàng)的短文填空，這有助于增強(qiáng)猜詞的能力。多練由記敘文編成的完型填空。完型填空的訓(xùn)練應(yīng)主要放在總復(fù)習(xí)的后期，因?yàn)闆]有大量閱讀和寫作訓(xùn)練做鋪墊，完型填空是練不好的。4、掌握好常用詞匯的基本用法，包括詞性、詞義、搭配和辨析。還要學(xué)好高考說明上規(guī)定的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)，尤其是各地說明上要求重點(diǎn)掌握的 5 個(gè)前綴和 17 個(gè)后綴。5、努力提高自己的思維能力。學(xué)會(huì)觀察、分析、判斷、推理、綜合與概括。合理的推斷與聯(lián)想很重要。做完形填空題時(shí)必須要依據(jù)短文概括出全文的主要內(nèi)容和所明的