非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、Non-infinitive非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要點(diǎn)精講 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)構(gòu)形式不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞一般式一般被動(dòng)式完成式完成被動(dòng)式進(jìn)行式完成進(jìn)行式非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)構(gòu)形式不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞一般式to do doingdoingdone一般被動(dòng)式to be donebeing donebeing done完成式to have donehaving donehaving done完成被動(dòng)式to have been donehaving been donehaving been done進(jìn)行式to be doing_完成進(jìn)行式to have been doing _非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中所作的

2、成分 成 分動(dòng)詞形式主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)不定式動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（本堂課主要內(nèi)容）不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的用法2.不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的用法3.不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法 （一）不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)和賓語(yǔ)在邏輯上有主動(dòng)關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行。1. I saw him falling off his bike just at that moment (看到他時(shí)他正從自行車(chē)上掉下來(lái)。) 2. He found himself lying on the ground when he came to himself(當(dāng)他

3、蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正躺在地上。)不定式作賓補(bǔ)和賓語(yǔ)在邏輯上有主動(dòng)關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程。注意：如果賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是一系列的動(dòng)作，通常只能用不定式來(lái)表示，不用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。1. I saw him fall off his bike and hurt his left leg(看到他從自行車(chē)上掉下來(lái)，并且摔傷了腿。)表全過(guò)程。2. I saw him enter the room, sit down and light a cigarette.過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)和賓語(yǔ)在邏輯上有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。1. I heard my name called by someone(我聽(tīng)到我的名字被叫，my name和c

4、alled是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。)2. when I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves.省to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)：賓補(bǔ)省to記11,一感二聽(tīng)三使役;五看一幫兩均可,被動(dòng)該to不能棄. 1感 feel,2聽(tīng) hear,listen to, 3使役 have,let, make, 5看 see,look at, notice,observe, watch, 1幫help1. We often see them play football;2. They are often seen to play football 3. T

5、he teacher made him stand outside for two hours.4. He was made to stand outside for two hours (一)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)1.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not toB. not to doC. not to itD. do not toA 為了避免重復(fù)，常用省略形式 to 來(lái)代替前面動(dòng)作。如：Would you like to visit our school? Yes, I

6、d like to.2. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He alwaysworks hard. A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning3. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play4. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year. A. carry out B. c

7、arrying out C. carried out D. to carry outBCA（二）不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)通常放在被修飾的名詞后面。1. The poor children need something to eat它和被修飾的名詞有時(shí)有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。2. There is some books for you to read(可看成：to read some books)3. Id like to get something to drink(可看成：to drink something)如果這個(gè)作定語(yǔ)的不定式是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，注意不可忽略不定式短語(yǔ)中

8、的副詞或介詞。1. I need a pen to write with(可看成：to write with the pen)2. She now has nothing to worry about(可看成：to worry about nothing)(二)不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)在時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)上有區(qū)別*不定式作定語(yǔ)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。如：The bridge to be built next month is the third bridge across the river*現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),doing表示正在進(jìn)行,與被修飾詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系；being done表示正在進(jìn)行與被修飾詞是被

9、動(dòng)關(guān)系。如：The bridge being built now is the third bridge across the river*過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表示已完成或與先行詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系的動(dòng)作。如：The bridge built last year is the third bridge across the river(二)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ) 高考題點(diǎn)擊：1. The flowers _ sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to

10、 be smelt 2The first textbooks _for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D.written該題的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 attract，“聞起來(lái)很香”用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ) flowers。感官動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)。BD3. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C

11、. hangs D. being hung 4. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy. A. to be chosenB. to choose from C. to chooseD. for choosingBB.to do表示1.目的;2.結(jié)果表示出人預(yù)料的情況或結(jié)果。常用only強(qiáng)調(diào)。3.原因表示造成情感變化的原因1. They worked hard to pay for the necklace.2. He woke up only to find himself lying on a bed in a hospi

12、tal.3. I am glad to see you.（三）不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1, Hearing the news ,he couldnt help laughing .（時(shí)間）=2, Given enough time ,I can do it better （條件）=3, Our teacher came in ,followed by many students (伴隨）=when he heard the news,If I am given enough time,and he was followed by many students2. Ing-form、

13、ed-form 作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別Seeing from the top of the hill, you can find the city more beautiful.Seen from the top of the hill ,the city is more beautiful.分詞作狀語(yǔ)可以表示時(shí)間，條件，原因，結(jié)果，伴隨或方式 ，相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句。 分詞作狀語(yǔ)的首要條件是分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，分詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)的，用doing，反之，用done。不定式表結(jié)果時(shí)，指沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的結(jié)果。1. I got up only to find it was raining outs

14、ide (起來(lái)時(shí)沒(méi)有料到在下雨。)2. He was too excited to say a word (太激動(dòng)了說(shuō)不出話(huà)，是沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的情況。)分詞表示結(jié)果包含著一種必然發(fā)生的情況。1. His parents died，leaving him a lot of money(父母去世，錢(qián)留給兒子。這是自然的事。)2. The output of iron decreased by 23last year, reaching 80，000 tons(產(chǎn)量下降，到了80，000噸，這是必然結(jié)果。)3.不定式和分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果時(shí)的區(qū)別done,句子（不強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間先后，表示狀語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作與邏輯主語(yǔ)是被

15、動(dòng)關(guān)系或表邏輯主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)）;Being done,句子（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作與邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且正在進(jìn)行）;Having been done,句子（強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間先后，表示狀語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前已經(jīng)完成，而且狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)作與邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系）；1.Used as a means of traffic in China, the bike is very useful.2.Surprised and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.3.Being used by me now, the bike cant be lent to you.4.Havi

16、ng been used for many years, the bike needs repairing. （三）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)高考題點(diǎn)擊： - Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? - _ enough protein and nutrition as you aregrowing up. A. GetB. GettingC. To getD. To be getting2. In order to make our city green, _. A. it is necessary to have planted mo

17、re trees B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more treesCD回答why引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句，一般用不定式，回答what問(wèn)句，一般用ing形式。3. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. LosingB. Having lost C. LostD. To lose4. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given5. He sent me an E-mail, _ to get further information. A. hopedB. hopingC. to hopeD. hope CAB6.The news reporters hurr