英語句子成分分析80360

1、英語句子成分講座1.主語句子一般要有主語。在簡單句中，主語一般由名詞、代詞、或動(dòng)詞（短語）來充當(dāng)。、動(dòng)詞作主語時(shí)通常用it作形式主語。名詞作主語English is very important.英語是很重要的。The students all love their English teacher.這些學(xué)生都愛他們的英語老師。代詞作主語They go to school by bus.他們乘公共汽車上學(xué)。作主語Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看電視太多對你的眼睛是有害 的。It s no use regretting 后悔是無用的。動(dòng)詞（短語

2、）作主語To see is to believe.眼見為實(shí)。It is very hard to get to sleep.入睡彳艮難。.謂語謂語必須由動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)，但動(dòng)詞、分詞為非謂語動(dòng)詞不能作謂語。可作謂 語的動(dòng)詞一般為行為動(dòng)詞（表動(dòng)作）和（表狀態(tài)），行為動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其后是否可直接接 賓語，又可分為和。作謂語We should help each other.我們應(yīng)該互相幫助。They respect one another.他們互相尊重（對方）。All of the students like the novel.所有這些學(xué)生都喜歡這本小說。Did you see many people the

3、re?你在那兒看見許多人了嗎 ？作謂語He left here yesterday.他昨天離開這兒。You rdriving too fast.你開車開得太快了。The teacher came in, book in hand.老師走進(jìn)教室，手里拿著書。He went abroad in the September of 1988.他于 1年 9 月出國。連系動(dòng)詞表狀態(tài)He is an excellent teacher.他是位優(yōu)秀的教師。Her son is a friend of ours.她的兒子是我們的朋友。Ours is a great country.我們的國家是一個(gè)偉大的國家。

4、The box itself is not so heavy.箱子本身并不重。.表語表語與連系動(dòng)詞連用，構(gòu)成，說明主語的身份或特征，一般由形容詞、名 詞、動(dòng)詞、分詞等充當(dāng)。如：They are brother and sister.他們是兄妹。What I want to say is this.我想說的就是這點(diǎn)。Her father is sixty-five.她父親 65 歲。John is captain of the team.約翰是足球隊(duì)的隊(duì)長。The poor boy was myself.那個(gè)可，憐的孩子就是我自己。The ones who really want it are

5、ourselves.真正想要它的是我們自己。All you need do is to take a taxi from the airport.你只需從機(jī)場打個(gè)的即可。My favourite sport is swimming. 我最喜愛的運(yùn)動(dòng)是游泳。.賓語賓語是行為動(dòng)作的對象，一般可分為動(dòng)詞賓語和，充當(dāng)賓語的可以是名詞、 代詞、動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子。如：I like Chinese food.我喜歡中國菜。I bought a ticket for .我買了一張去米蘭的車票。I enjoyed talking to you.我和你談話很高興。Have you finished dressing

6、?你衣服穿好了嗎？He certainly did not want to join them.他確實(shí)不想?yún)⒓铀麄兊幕顒?dòng)。They decided to close the border.他們決定封閉邊境。We expected that you would stay for a few days.我們預(yù)計(jì)你會待幾天的。.定語定語為句子的次要成分，起修飾限制名詞或代詞的作用，可分為前置定語 和。一般由形容詞性物主代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、短語、動(dòng)詞、分詞（短語）或句子充當(dāng)。His father is a doctor.他父親是一名醫(yī)生。Mr. Green has two sons.格林先生有兩

7、個(gè)兒子。The girl under the tree is Kate.在樹底下的那個(gè)女孩是凱特。The man downstairs couldn t sleep橫冊的那個(gè)人不能睡好覺。I bought a new dictionary. 我買了 本新字典。Can you find out the answer to the question ?你能找至這個(gè)問題的答案嗎?Would you like something to drink?你想要些喝的東西嗎？A barking dog seldom bites.吠狗彳艮少咬人。A man going to die is always kind

8、-hearted.人之將死，其言也善。Do you know the man who is standing next to Mr. Green?你認(rèn)識站在格林先 生旁邊的那個(gè)人嗎？.狀語英語中的狀語用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞，主要由副詞、短語、動(dòng)詞、 分詞充當(dāng)，或由連詞引導(dǎo)狀語，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、目的、方式，比較、 讓步、條件、原因、結(jié)果、伴隨等。(1)時(shí)間狀語I often get up at 5:30 in the morning.我常常在早上 5:30 起床。Hearing the news, they felt very excited.聽到這個(gè)消息，他們感到很興奮。Go alo

9、ng this street until you reach the end.沿著這條彳苴走直至至11達(dá)盡頭為 止。(2)地點(diǎn)狀語Pandas only live in .熊貓僅生活在中國。You should put the book where it was.你應(yīng)該把這本書放回原來的地方。(3)程度狀語I have quite a lot of work to do.我有相當(dāng)多的工作要做。(4)目的狀語We ll go to the beach for a picnic this Sunday這個(gè)星期天我們將去沙灘野 炊。He took some change from his pocke

10、t to buy a newspaper.他從 口袋里掏出 些零錢來買報(bào)紙。She got up early so that she could catch the first bus.她早早地起床， 以便能 夠趕上這輛早班車。(5)方式狀語We usually go to school on foot.我們通常步行去上學(xué)。Please do it as I told you.請按我告訴你的去做。Though she has a lot of money, she is unhappy.雖然她很有錢，而她并不幸 福。No matter what happens, I will never lo

11、se heart.無論發(fā)生什么，我斗各決不失 去信心。(7)條件狀語If you don t work hard, you ll fall behind假或端手絡(luò)力學(xué)習(xí)，你將 落后于別人。Given more attention, the flowers would have grown better. 如果給予更多的 關(guān)心的話，這些花將長得更好。(8)比較狀語Your watch is not the same as mine.你的手表與我的不樣。Mike is not as (so) tall as Jack.邁克不及杰克高。(9)原因狀語We didn t go to the park

12、because of the bad whet.由于天氣不好，我們沒 有去公園。I m glad to meet yoUL到你我很高興。Being ill, he didn t go tdsCh標(biāo)IT,他沒有去上學(xué)。(10)結(jié)果狀語The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.風(fēng)是如止匕地猛烈,以致于我們寸步難行。He left early, so that he caught the train.他早早地離去，(結(jié)果)因此趕上了 火車。(11)The doctor hurried off, with a medicine b

13、ox under his arm. 這位醫(yī)生匆匆離去, 胳膊下夾著一個(gè)藥箱子。The teacher came into the classroom, followed by a group of his students.老師 進(jìn)到教室里來，后面跟著一群學(xué)生。7.賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語主要用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語，與賓語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或 動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，可由名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞、分詞等充當(dāng)。如：Tom found the climb quite easy.湯姆覺得爬山很容易。Don t be so formal. Call me Jin要這樣正規(guī)，叫我吉姆好了。I m finished. Let 喇

14、出n6施，咱們走吧。You must keep it clean.你要把它保持干凈。I have the car waiting.我讓汽車等著。We had the machine repaired.我們請人修理了 機(jī)器。Why don t you have your hair cut你為什么不理發(fā)？He had his finger cut.他的手指弄傷了。I had my watch stolen yesterday.我的表昨天被人偷去了。I have a lot of work to do.我有許多工作要做。She has plenty of clothes to wear.她有足夠的衣服穿。He made me repeat the story.他要我把那事重講一遍。Rain makes pla