年6月英語四級真題

1、一2012年6月英語四級真題Part Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D). For questions

2、 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Small Schools Rising This years list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing. Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools

3、with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮時期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bure

4、aucracies(官僚機構(gòu))，the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students.SAT scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher,

5、 test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress. Size isnt everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable cou

6、ntertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 50

7、0 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independent public charter schools, such as No.1 BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schoolers and 18 graduates this year. It emb

8、races district-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet,with383,which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buffalo, N.Y., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for students. And it

9、includes alternative schools with students selected by lottery(抽簽)，such as H-B Woodlawn in Arlington, Va. And most noticeable of all, there is the phenomenon of large urban and suburban high schools that have split up into smaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in the same grounds that onc

10、e boasted thousands of students all marching to the same band. Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif, is one of those, ranking No.423among the top 2% in the countryon Newsweeks annual ranking of Americas top high schools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. Ten years ago, w

11、hen the first Newsweek list based on college-level test participation was published, only three of the top 100 schools had graduating Classes smaller than 100 students. This year there are 22. Nearly 250 schools on the full ,Newsweek list of the top 5% of schools nationally had fewer than 200 gradua

12、tes in 2007. Although many of Hillsdales students came from wealthy households, by the late 1990 average test scores were sliding and it had earned the unaffectionate nickname (綽號) “Hillsjail. ” Jeff Gilbert. A Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year, remembers sitting with other teachers w

13、atching students file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, “How did that student graduate?” So in 2003 Hillsdale remade itself into three “houses,” romantically named Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders are randomly(隨機地) assigned to o

14、ne of the houses. Where they will keep the same four core subject teachers for two years, before moving on to another for 11th and 12th grades. The closeness this system cultivates is reinforced by the institution of “advisory” classes Teachers meet with students in groups of 25, five mornings a wee

15、k, for open-ended discussions of everything from homework problems to bad Saturday-night dates. The advisers also meet with students privately and stay in touch with parents, so they are deeply invested in the students success.“Were constantly talking about one anothers advisers,” says English teach

16、er Chris Crockett. “If you hear that yours isnt doing well in math, or see them sitting outside the deans office, its like a personal failure.” Along with the new structure came a more demanding academic program, the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95.“It was rough for some.

17、But by senior year, two-thirds have moved up to physics,” says Gilbert “Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are adults here who know them and care for them.”But not all schools show advances after downsizing, and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-

18、all solution. The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was made this year, as in years past, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-level exams. Over the years this system has come in for its share of criticism for its simplicity. But that is also its strength: its

19、 easy for readers to understand, and to do the arithmetic for their own schools if theyd like. Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a group of 38 superintendents(地區(qū)教育主管)from five states wrote to ask that their schools be excluded from the calculation.“It is impossible to know which

20、 high schools are the best in the nation, ”their letter read. in part. “Determining whether different schools do or dont offer a high quality of education requires a look at man different measures, including students overall academic accomplishments and their subsequent performance in college. And t

21、aking into consideration the unique needs of their communities.” In the end, the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought, which is, after all, public information. There is, in our view, no real dispute here, we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our child

22、ren and our nation by encouraging students to tackle tough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep working toward that goal, someday, perhaps a list wont be necessary. 注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答. 1. Fifty years ago. big. Modern. Suburban high schools were established in the hope of _.

23、A) ensuring no child is left behind B) increasing economic efficiency C) improving students performance on SAT D) providing good education for baby boomers 2. What happened as a result of setting up big schools? A) Teachers workload increased. B) Students performance declined. C) Administration beca

24、me centralized. D) Students focused more on test scores. 3. What is said about the schools forded by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation? A) They are usually magnet schools. B) They are often located in poor neighborhoods. C) They are popular with high-achieving students. D) They are mostly small

25、in size. 4. What is most noticeable about the current trend in high school education? A) Some large schools have split up into smaller ones. B) A great variety of schools have sprung up in urban and suburban areas. C) Many schools compete for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funds. D) Students

26、have to meet higher academic standards. 5. Newsweek ranked high schools according to . A) their students academic achievement B) the number of their students admitted to college C) the size and number of their graduating classes D) their college-level test participation 6.What can we learn about Hil

27、lsdales students in the late 1990s? A) They were made to study hard like prisoners. B) They called each other by unaffectionate nicknames. C) Most of them did not have any sense of discipline, D) Their school performance was getting worse. 7. According to Jeff Gilbert, the “advisory” classes at Hill

28、sdale were set up so that students could . A) tell their teachers what they did on weekends B) experience a great deal of pleasure in learning C) maintain closer relationships with their teachers D) tackle the demanding biology and physics courses 8. is still considered a strength of Newsweeks schoo

29、l ranking system in spite of the criticism it receives_. 9. According to the 38 superintendents, to rank schools scientifically, it is necessary to use_. 10. To better serve the children and our nation, schools students to take_ .答案：1. D) providing good education for baby boomers. 2. D) Students per

30、formance declined. 3. D) They are mostly small in size. 4. D) Some large schools have split up into smaller ones. 5. C) their college-level test participation. 6. B) Their school performance was getting worse. 7. A) maintain closer relationships with their teachers. 8. Simplicity 9. different measur

31、es 10. tough subjects二2011年12月英語四級考試 Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7 choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),

32、 B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentence with the information given in the passage. Why Integrity Matters What Is Integrity? The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also liv

33、ing up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making lifes hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation. What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethic

34、al standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of o

35、ur most important goals. Risky Business We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring

36、ways to avoid similar problems in the future. Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we cant see the risks were taking, we cant make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the fa

37、cts. For example, one who doesnt know the rules a about plagiarism (剽竊) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is unintentional

38、 does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense. But Everybody Does It Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks theyre taking by using excuses: Everyone else does it. Im not hurting anyone, or I really need this grade. Excus

39、es can get very elaborate: I know Im look at anothers exam, even though Im supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but thats not cheating because Im just checking my answers, not copying. We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing were not doing anyt

40、hing wrong, we cant see the real choice were making - and that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over yore shoulder. If youd rather hide your actions, thats an in

41、dication that youre taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself. Evaluating Risks To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later re

42、gret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply havent considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a O on a test or assignment, an F in the class, suspension (暫令停學(xué)) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role

43、or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there arent many things that fa

44、ll in this category. Getting Away with it - Or Not Those who dont get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesnt learn from the test, which deprives (剝奪) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she

45、 would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesnt get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems easier. This sli

46、ppery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Cheating Hurts Other, Too Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions dont count and dont really hurt anyone. But individua

47、l choices have an intense cumulative (累積的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30 or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating poisons the classroom, and others may feel pressur

48、ed to join in. (If I dont cheat I cant compete with those who do) Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. Im not interested in what youre trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of th

49、e effect on others. The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree. Why Integrity Marten If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the

50、 honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldnt put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist-the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect

51、 their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nations ec

52、onomy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education. In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we a

53、ct with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live. 1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _.（A） A) sticks to them in their daily life B) makes them known to others C) understands their true values D) sees that others also follow

54、them 2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?（C） A) It helps to create team spirit B) It facilitates communication C) It is the basis of mutual trust D) It inspires mutual respect 3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？（A） A. To ensure we

55、make responsible choices. B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress. C. so that we dont break any rules. D. so that we dont run into trouble. 4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _?（B） A. it has caused no harm. B. it is claimed to be unintentional. C. it has gone unnoticed. D. it is committed

56、with good intentions. 5. What should one do if he doesnt wish to fool himself? （A） A. Avoid making excuses. B. Listen to other peoples advice. C. Make his intensions public. D. Have others watch over his shoulder. 6. Those who take risks they regret later on _.（C） A. will often become more cautious

57、B. are usually very aggressive C. value immediate benefits most. D. may lose everything in the end 7. According to the author, a cheater who doesnt get caught right away will _.（A） A) pay more dearly B) become more confident C) be widely admired D) feel somewhat lucky 8. Cheaters at exam dont care a

58、bout their education, all they care about is how to stealing a grade 9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on peoples honesty and good faith. 10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of the Watergate scandal.本次四級考試的快速閱讀是屬于社會類題材，圍繞的話題是“誠實

59、正直”。對于四級的考生來說，這篇快閱從閱讀角度來看一定是容易的，因為它有小標(biāo)題的指引。一篇閱讀下的7個小標(biāo)題明確界定了每個部分的主旨，分別為“誠實是什么”，“冒險的決定”，“但是每人都在做”，“冒險系數(shù)評估”，“能不能僥幸逃脫”，“為什么誠實是重要的”?；久總€小標(biāo)題下都會有一道題目，所以四級的考生在定位上基本沒什么問題。今年四級的快閱似乎和作文的選材有點雷同，都是偏重于思想道德層面，看來老教授們慢慢抽離出具體的現(xiàn)象討論，而轉(zhuǎn)向人類思想高度了。鑒于四六級走的是“和諧正義”道路，所以考生們在選擇題目時一定要把握正確的方向，比如說第7題問的是“在考場上沒有被抓住的作弊學(xué)生最后會怎樣？”，選項中有“

60、變得更自信”、“受到欽佩”、“感覺幸運”，這些選項共同的特征就是都有些“不道德”的成分，所以只有A選項“付出更慘重的代價”才符合我們課上反復(fù)強調(diào)的“積極正面原則”。 在這篇文章的10道題中，略有些難度的當(dāng)屬第8和第10的填空題，因為它們需要填寫的都是很細(xì)節(jié)的舉例部分，而且需要稍微調(diào)整一下詞性。比如第8題考查的是“作弊者并不關(guān)心它們受到的教育，而只是關(guān)心_ ”，通過常識可得出答案“分?jǐn)?shù)”，原文中因為是在be動詞is后，所以用的單詞是“stealing a grade”，但在題目中式跟在to后，應(yīng)該用動詞原形，所以考生應(yīng)該填的是steal a grade.再比如第10題中問“絕大多數(shù)美國人對于政客