必修二unit2語法精編版課件

1、GrammarThe Passive VoiceA. 主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的 _。B. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的 _。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.執(zhí)行者承受者(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰。e.g. Some new computers were stolen last night. This book was published in 1981.(2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者, 而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。e.g. The window was broken by Mike. This book was written by

2、 him.We speak English.主語謂語賓語English is spoken by us.1. People use a knife for cutting things.A knife _ _ for cutting things.2. The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom _ _ twice a month. is usedare cleanedEXERCISE3. Beijing held the 29th Olympic

3、Games in 2008.The 29th Olympic Games _ in Beijing in 2008.4.The government built many new buildings, stadiums and roads. Many new buildings, stadiums and roads _ by the government.were builtwere heldChange the following sentences into the Passive Voice 1.They make TV sets in that factory .2.Northwes

4、t China grows the best cotton .3.They use this room for playing Ping pong .4.Bell invented the telephone in 1876. TV sets are made in that factory The best cotton is grown in Northwest China .This room is used for playing Ping pongThe telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.5.The manager made them wo

5、rk 10 hours a day .They were made to work 10 hours a day.They will finish the work soon.The work will be finished (by them) soon.My father will not punish me for my mistake. I will / shall not be punished by my father for my mistake. Nobody _ (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket.2. Children

6、 _ (not allow) to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do, they _ (take away) from the stadium. Rules for the audience will be allowedwont be allowedwill be taken away3. No animals _ (allow) in the stadium.4. Cheating by athletes _ _ (not excuse). They _ (tell) to leave and _ (punish).5.

7、No smoking _ (allow), if you are discovered, you _ (fine).will be allowedwill not bewill be toldexcusedwill be punishedwill be allowedwill be finedThe problem isnt going to be discussedat the meeting tomorrow.-Are these trees going to be cut down?-Yes, they are.The sports meet is not to be held on A

8、pril10th. -Are new textbooks to be published next week?-No, they arent. 1. The work _ soon.A. will be finished B. has been finished C. will finish D. finishes 2. I _ if I finish the work within one day.shall be praisedB. would praise C. will praise D. praiseEXERCISE3. These films _ until tomorrow mo

9、rning.cant develop B. arent developingC. wont be developedD. wont develop4. All those old buildings _ down tomorrow. A. will be knocked B. will knock C. will have knocked D. knock5 . A party is going to _ tonight. Would you like to go with me? Id like to, but I have to look after my sick mother. A.

10、organize B. have been organized C. be organizing D. be organized 6.No decision _ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. (2008北京) A. will be made B. is made C. is being made D. has been made 7. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ by scient

11、ists. (2011湖南) A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be madeTranslation.他一到達(dá)這個(gè)城市就會(huì)被認(rèn)出。He will be recognized as soon as he arrives at this city.這部新電影將在下周四上映。The new film will be shown next Thursday.我們不會(huì)受到邀請(qǐng)。We will not be invited.2020年奧運(yùn)會(huì)將在日本的東京舉行。The 2020 Olympic Games will be held in Tokyo

12、, Japan.The Present Perfect Passive Voice現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has + 過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)have/has +been + 過去分詞1. In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the world. (天津2011)A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。2. Every year a fl

13、ood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns. (福建2010) promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised3. His sister left home in 1998, and _ since. (2009全國(guó)卷I)A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard ofC. had not heard of D.

14、has not heard of4. I like these English songs and they _ many times on the radio. (安徽2008)A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught5. Though we dont know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic _. (陜西2008) A. had changed B. will change C. was changed D. has been changed6. I go

15、t caught in the rain and my suit _. (北京2007) has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined7. Experiments of this kind _ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. (北京2011) have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted1. They have fin

16、ished the construction of the new railway lines by now.The construction of the new railway lines has been finished by them by now. 2. China has sent up man made satellites into space.Man made satellites have been sent up into space .EXERCISEChange the following sentences into the Passive Voice 3. We

17、 have built a new library and a gymnasium in our school this year.A new library and a gymnasium have been built in our school this year by us.4. The car factory has produced a great many fine cars since the technological revolution.A great many fine cars have been produced by the car factory since t

18、he technological revolution.5. They have made a plan to help the poor children in the poor area.A plan has been made by them to help the poor children in the poor area.6. The government has spent a lot of money on the Hope Project.A lot of money has been spent on the Hope Project by the government.

19、主語 + am/is/are + being + 過去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)用法表示說話人說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，經(jīng)常和時(shí)間副詞now (現(xiàn)在), right now (現(xiàn)在, 此刻), at present (現(xiàn)在,目前), at this moment (此刻)連用。1）表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，主語和謂語動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,強(qiáng)調(diào)主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。e.g. Our English is being taught by Miss Wang now. 意義瞧！那個(gè)嬰兒正由他的姑姑照料著。Look! The baby by her aunt.is being taken car

20、e of2) 表示這一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。Many speeches are being held these days.新的功能目前正在添加到相機(jī)上。 New functions the camera at present.are being added to3) 表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要進(jìn)行的一個(gè)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作今晚將要進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)圣誕晚會(huì)。A party tonight.is being held從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1. It is reported that many a new house _ at present in the disaster a

21、rea. (陜西2010)A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built2. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. (天津2010) are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited3. Hi, Terry, can

22、 I use your computer for a while this afternoon? Sorry. _. (江蘇2009)A. Its repaired B. It has been repaired C. Its being repairedD. It had been repaired4. Would you please keep silent? The weather report _ and I want to listen. (湖南2009) is broadcast B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had

23、been broadcast5. Why dont we choose that road to save time?The bridge to it _. (四川2009)A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired6. Whats that noise?Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _. (浙江2008)A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested

24、I. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. A: Where is Kate? B: She _ (criticize) by the teacher in the office. 2. A: Where are the children? B: They _ (take care of) by their aunt. is being criticizedare being taken care of3. A: What is happening over there? B: A party _ (hold). is being held4. -Why it is so noisy out ther

25、e? -Oh, its because the road .(repair)is being repairedII. 用被動(dòng)語態(tài)改寫下列句子。1. They are studying the milu deer at the research centre.The milu deer is / are being studied at the research centre.2. She is teaching the boy a lesson.The boy is being taught a lesson.3. Now he is making the girl laugh.4. They

26、 are revising the laws to protect the rights of women and children.Now the girl is being made to laugh.The laws are being revised to protect the rights of women and children.7. You should water trees often .8.You must not plant trees in very dry earth .Trees should be watered often .Trees must not b

27、e planted in very dry earth .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：amisarep.p. (done)一般過去時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：過去將來時(shí):現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成waswerep.p. (done)willshallbep.p. (done)am/is/are going to be + p.p. (done)would be+p.p.(done)am/is/arebeing+p.p.(done)was / werebeing + p.p. (done)have/hasbeen+p.p. (done)had been + p.p. (done)在什么情

28、況下不能使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)呢？1.表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如have，cost，fit，last， own，hold，become等往往不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如： The shirt fits him very well He is fitted very well by the shirt 【正】【誤】2.祈使句一般沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如： Look at the blackboard，please The blackboard is looked at by you 【正】【誤】3.某些及物動(dòng)詞的賓語表示處所、地點(diǎn)、組織時(shí)不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如： He joined the League in 1998 Th

29、e League was joined by him in 1998 【正】【誤】4.反身代詞在句中作賓語時(shí)，不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如： You must look after yourself Yourself must be looked after. 【正】【誤】5.不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)happen發(fā)生；rise升起；fall 落下；fail失??；occur發(fā)生；exist 存在；remain仍然，保持； appear 出現(xiàn)；disappear消失；last持續(xù)；6.系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)taste嘗起來； sound 聽起來；feel 摸起來；smell 聞起來；look看起來；7.不及物動(dòng)

30、詞短語沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)belong to屬于；take place發(fā)生，舉行；come about 產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生；break out爆發(fā)；date back to追溯到；date from 追溯到；come to an end 結(jié)束；run out 用完，耗盡；come into being 形成，產(chǎn)生；refer to提到，說到come to life蘇醒過來；consist of由組成catch fire著火；主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的若干情況1. 當(dāng)open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物動(dòng)詞且表示主語的某種屬性時(shí)，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義： The door wont s

31、hut. 這門關(guān)不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的門是自動(dòng)關(guān)的。該用法的不及物動(dòng)詞通常與cant, wont 等連用，注意它與用被動(dòng)語態(tài)含義不同：The window wont shut. 這窗戶關(guān)不上。 (說明主語的屬性窗戶有問題了) The window wont be shut. 這窗戶將不用關(guān)上。 (窗戶本身沒問題，只是不用關(guān))2.當(dāng)read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物動(dòng)詞且表示主語的某種屬性時(shí)，通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：The cloth washes well. 這種布料好洗。 The book sells quickly. 這書銷售得快。 This shirt will wear very long. 這襯衫可以穿很久。3. 某些表示開始和結(jié)束的動(dòng)詞(begin, start, finish, end等)，當(dāng)主語為事物且不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，可用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：When does the concert begin? The play ended at ten oclock. 4.不定式to blame, to