企業(yè)管理專用術(shù)語(英漢對照)

1、1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.41.人力資源管理：(HumanResourceManagement,HRM)人力資源經(jīng)理：(humanresourcemanager)高級管理人員：(executive)職業(yè)：(profession)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：(ethics)操作工：(operativeemployees)專家：(specialist)人力資源認(rèn)證協(xié)會：(theHumanResourceCertificat

2、ionInstitute，HRCI)外部環(huán)境：(externalenvironment)內(nèi)部環(huán)境：(internalenvironment)政策：(policy)企業(yè)文化：(corporateculture)目標(biāo)：(mission)股東：(shareholders)非正式組織：(informalorganization)跨國公司：(multinationalcorporation，MNC)管理多樣性：(managingdiversity)工作：(job)職位：(posting)工作分析：(jobanalysis)工作說明：(jobdescription)工作規(guī)范：(jobspecificati

3、on)工作分析計劃表：(jobanalysisschedule，JAS)職位分析問卷調(diào)查法：(ManagementPositionDescriptionQuestionnaire，MPDQ)行政秘書：(executivesecretary)地區(qū)服務(wù)經(jīng)理助理：(assistantdistrictservicemanager)人力資源計劃：(HumanResourcePlanning，HRP)戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃：(strategicplanning)長期趨勢：(longtermtrend)要求預(yù)測：(requirementforecast)供給預(yù)測：(availabilityforecast)管理人力儲備：

4、(managementinventory)裁減：(downsizing)人力資源信息系統(tǒng)：(HumanResourceInformationSystem，HRIS)招聘：(recruitment)員工申請表：(employeerequisition)招聘方法：(recruitmentmethods)內(nèi)部提升：(PromotionFromWithin，PFW)工作公告：(jobposting)廣告：(advertising)職業(yè)介紹所：(employmentagency)特殊事件：(specialevents)實習(xí)：(internship)選擇：(selection)選擇率：(selection

5、rate)簡歷：(resume)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化：(standardization)有效性：(validity)客觀性：(objectivity)規(guī)范：(norm)錄用分?jǐn)?shù)線：(cutoffscore)準(zhǔn)確度：(aiming)業(yè)務(wù)知識測試：(jobknowledgetests)求職面試：(employmentinterview)非結(jié)構(gòu)化面試：(unstructuredinterview)結(jié)構(gòu)化面試：(structuredinterview)小組面試：(groupinterview)職業(yè)興趣測試：(vocationalinteresttests)會議型面試：(boardinterview)組織變化與人力資

6、源開發(fā)人力資源開發(fā)：(HumanResourceDevelopment，HRD)培訓(xùn)：(training)開發(fā)：(development)定位：(orientation)訓(xùn)練：(coaching)輔導(dǎo)：(mentoring)經(jīng)營管理策略：(businessgames)案例研究：(casestudy)會議方法：(conferencemethod)角色扮演：(roleplaying)工作輪換：(jobrotating)在職培訓(xùn)：(on-the-jobtraining，OJT)媒介：(media)企業(yè)文化與組織發(fā)展企業(yè)文化：(corporateculture)組織發(fā)展：(organizationde

7、velopment，OD)調(diào)查反饋：(surveyfeedback)質(zhì)量圈：(qualitycircles)目標(biāo)管理：(managementbyobjective，MBO)全面質(zhì)量管理：(TotalQualityManagement，TQM)團(tuán)隊建設(shè)：(teambuilding)職業(yè)計劃與發(fā)展職業(yè)：(career)職業(yè)計劃：(careerplanning)職業(yè)道路：(careerpath)職業(yè)發(fā)展：(careerdevelopment)自我評價：(self-assessment)職業(yè)動機(jī)：(careeranchors)績效評價績效評價：(PerformanceAppraisal，PA)小組評價

8、：(groupappraisal)業(yè)績評定表：(ratingscalesmethod)關(guān)鍵事件法：(criticalincidentmethod)排列法：(rankingmethod)平行比較法：(pairedcomparison)硬性分布法：(forceddistributionmethod)暈圈錯誤：(haloerror)寬松：(leniency)嚴(yán)格：(strictness)360反饋：(360-degreefeedback)敘述法：(essaymethod)集中趨勢：(centraltendency)報酬與福利報酬：(compensation)直接經(jīng)濟(jì)報酬：(directfinanci

9、alcompensation)間接經(jīng)濟(jì)報酬：(indirectfinancialcompensation)非經(jīng)濟(jì)報酬：(nofinancialcompensation)公平：(equity)外部公平：(externalequity)內(nèi)部公平：(internalequity)員工公平：(employeeequity)小組公平：(teamequity)工資水平領(lǐng)先者：(payleaders)現(xiàn)行工資率：(goingrate)工資水平居后者：(payfollowers)勞動力市場：(labormarket)工作評價：(jobevaluation)排列法：(rankingmethod)分類法：(cla

10、ssificationmethod)因素比較法：(factorcomparisonmethod)評分法：(pointmethod)海氏指示圖表個人能力分析法：(HayGuideChart-profileMethod)工作定價：(jobpricing)工資等級：(paygrade)工資曲線：(wagecurve)工資幅度：(payrange)12.福利和其它報酬問題128.福利(間接經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償)員工股權(quán)計劃：(employeestockownershipplan，ESOP)值班津貼：(shiftdifferential)獎金：(incentivecompensation)利潤分享(分紅制)：(pr

11、ofitsharing)安全與健康的工作環(huán)境安全：(safety)健康：(health)頻率：(frequencyrate)緊張：(stress)角色沖突：(roleconflict)催眠法：(hypnosis)酗酒：(alcoholism)員工和勞動關(guān)系工會：(union)地方工會：(localunion)行業(yè)工會：(craftunion)產(chǎn)業(yè)工會：(industrialunion)全國工會：(nationalunion)談判組：(bargainingunion)勞資談判：(collectivebargaining)仲裁：(arbitration)罷工：(strike)內(nèi)部員工關(guān)系：(int

12、ernalemployeerelations)紀(jì)律：(discipline)紀(jì)律處分：(disciplinaryaction)申訴：(grievance)降職：(demotion)調(diào)動：(transfer)晉升：(promotion)目標(biāo)mission/objective集體目標(biāo)groupobjective內(nèi)部環(huán)境internalenvironment外部環(huán)境externalenvironment計劃planning組織organizing人事staffing領(lǐng)導(dǎo)leading控制controlling步驟process原理principle方法technique經(jīng)理manager總經(jīng)理gen

13、eralmanager行政人員administrator主管人員supervisor企業(yè)enterprise商業(yè)business產(chǎn)業(yè)industry公司company效果effectiveness效率efficiency企業(yè)家entrepreneur權(quán)利power職權(quán)authority職責(zé)responsibility科學(xué)管理scientificmanagement現(xiàn)代經(jīng)營管理modernoperationalmanagement行為科學(xué)behaviorscience生產(chǎn)率productivity激勵motivate動機(jī)motive法律law法規(guī)regulation經(jīng)濟(jì)體系economicsys

14、tem管理職能managerialfunction產(chǎn)品product服務(wù)service利潤profit滿意satisfaction歸屬affiliation尊敬esteem自我實現(xiàn)self-actualization人力投入humaninput盈余surplus收入income成本cost資本貨物capitalgoods機(jī)器machinery設(shè)備equipment建筑building存貨inventory經(jīng)驗法theempiricalapproach人際行為法theinterpersonalbehaviorapproach集體行為法thegroupbehaviorapproach協(xié)作社會系統(tǒng)法

15、thecooperativesocialsystemsapproach社會技術(shù)系統(tǒng)法thesocial-technicalsystemsapproach決策理論法thedecisiontheoryapproach數(shù)學(xué)法themathematicalapproach系統(tǒng)法thesystemsapproach隨機(jī)制宜法thecontingencyapproach管理任務(wù)法themanagerialrolesapproach經(jīng)營法theoperationalapproach人際關(guān)系humanrelation心理學(xué)psychology態(tài)度attitude壓力pressure沖突conflict招聘re

16、cruit鑒定appraisal選拔select培訓(xùn)train報酬compensation授權(quán)delegationofauthority協(xié)調(diào)coordinate業(yè)績performance考績制度meritsystem表現(xiàn)behavior下級subordinate偏差deviation檢驗記錄inspectionrecord誤工記錄recordoflabor-hourslost銷售量salesvolume產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量qualityofproducts先進(jìn)技術(shù)advancedtechnology顧客服務(wù)customerservice策略strategy結(jié)構(gòu)structure領(lǐng)先性primacy普遍性p

17、ervasiveness憂慮fear忿恨r(nóng)esentment士氣morale解雇layoff批發(fā)wholesale零售retail程序procedure規(guī)則rule規(guī)劃program預(yù)算budget共同作用synergy大型聯(lián)合企業(yè)conglomerate資源resource購買acquisition增長目標(biāo)growthgoal專利產(chǎn)品proprietaryproduct競爭對手rival晉升promotion管理決策managerialdecision商業(yè)道德businessethics有競爭力的價格competitiveprice供貨商supplier小販vendor利益沖突conflic

18、tofinterests派生政策derivativepolicy開支帳戶expenseaccount批準(zhǔn)程序approvalprocedure病假sickleave休假vacation工時labor-hour機(jī)時machine-hour資本支出capitaloutlay現(xiàn)金流量cashflow工資率wagerate稅收率taxrate股息dividend現(xiàn)金狀況cashposition資金短缺capitalshortage總預(yù)算overallbudget資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表balancesheet可行性feasibility投入原則thecommitmentprinciple投資回報returnonin

19、vestment生產(chǎn)能力capacitytoproduce實際工作者practitioner最終結(jié)果endresult業(yè)績performance個人利益personalinterest福利welfare市場占有率marketshare創(chuàng)新innovation生產(chǎn)率productivity利潤率profitability社會責(zé)任publicresponsibility董事會boardofdirector組織規(guī)模sizeoftheorganization組織文化organizationalculture目標(biāo)管理managementbyobjectives評價工具appraisaltool激勵方法m

20、otivationaltechniques控制手段controldevice個人價值personalworth優(yōu)勢strength弱點weakness機(jī)會opportunity威脅threat個人責(zé)任personalresponsibility顧問counselor定量目標(biāo)quantitativeobjective定性目標(biāo)qualitativeobjective可考核目標(biāo)verifiableobjective優(yōu)先priority工資表payroll策略strategy政策policy靈活性discretion多種經(jīng)營diversification評估assessment一致性consisten

21、cy應(yīng)變策略consistencystrategy公共關(guān)系publicrelation價值value抱負(fù)aspiration偏見prejudice審查review批準(zhǔn)approval主要決定majordecision分公司總經(jīng)理divisiongeneralmanager資產(chǎn)組合距陣portfoliomatrix明星star問號questionmark現(xiàn)金牛cashcow賴狗dog采購procurement人口因素demographicfactor地理因素geographicfactor公司形象companyimage產(chǎn)品系列productline合資企業(yè)jointventure破產(chǎn)政策liq

22、uidationstrategy緊縮政策retrenchmentstrategy戰(zhàn)術(shù)tactics追隨followership個性individuality性格personality安全safety自主權(quán)l(xiāng)atitude悲觀的pessimistic靜止的static樂觀的optimistic動態(tài)的dynamic靈活的flexible抵制resistance敵對antagonism折中eclectic激勵motivation潛意識subconscious地位status情感affection欲望desire壓力pressure滿足satisfaction自我實現(xiàn)的需要needsforself-a

23、ctualization尊敬的需要esteemneeds歸屬的需要affiliationneeds安全的需要securityneeds生理的需要physiologicalneeds維持maintenance保健hygiene激勵因素motivator概率probability強(qiáng)化理論reinforcementtheory反饋feedback獎金bonus股票期權(quán)stockoption勞資糾紛labordispute缺勤率absenteeism人員流動turnover獎勵reward特許經(jīng)營franchise熱誠zeal信心confidence鼓舞inspire要素ingredient忠誠loy

24、alty奉獻(xiàn)devotion作風(fēng)style品質(zhì)trait適應(yīng)性adaptability進(jìn)取性aggressiveness熱情enthusiasm毅力persistence人際交往能力interpersonalskills行政管理能力administrativeability智力intelligence專制式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)autocraticleader民主式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)democraticleader自由放任式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)free-reinleader管理方格圖themanagerialgrid工作效率workefficiency服從obedience領(lǐng)導(dǎo)行為leaderbehavior支持型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)supportivel

25、eadership參與型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)participativeleadership指導(dǎo)型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)instrumentalleadership成就取向型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)achievement-orientedleadershipActionlearning：行動學(xué)習(xí)Alternationrankingmethod：交替排序法Annualbonus:年終分紅Applicationforms:工作申請表Appraisalinterview：評價面試Aptitudes:資質(zhì)Arbitration:仲裁Attendanceincentiveplan:參與式激勵計劃Authority:職權(quán)Behaviormodeling:行為模

26、擬Behavioral”anchoredratingscale(bars)：行為錨定等級評價法Benchmarkjob：基準(zhǔn)職位Benefits：福利Bias:個人偏見Boycott：聯(lián)合抵制Bumping/layoffprocedures:工作替換/臨時解雇程序Burnout：耗竭Candidate-ordererror：候選人次序錯誤Capitalaccumulationprogram：資本積累方案Careeranchors:職業(yè)錨Careercycle：職業(yè)周期Careerplanninganddevelopment:職業(yè)規(guī)劃與職業(yè)發(fā)展Casestudymethod：案例研究方法Cent

27、raltendency:居中趨勢Citations:傳訊CivilRightsAct：民權(quán)法Classes：類Classification(orgrading)method：歸類(或分級)法Collectivebargaining：集體談判Comparableworth：可比價值Compensablefactor：扌報酬因素Computerizedforecas：計算機(jī)化預(yù)測Contentvalidity:內(nèi)容效度Criterionvalidity:效標(biāo)效度Criticalincidentmethod:關(guān)鍵事件法Davis-BaconAct(DBA):戴維斯一佩根法案Day-to-day-collectivebargaining：日常集體談判Declinestage：下降階段Deferredpro