05linux防護(hù)與群集第09章redis

1、理論講解一：Redis 介紹1.1：關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)與非關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)1.2：Redis 基礎(chǔ)1：Redis 簡(jiǎn)介2：Redis 安裝部署rootlocalhost # systemctl stop firewalldrootlocalhost # yum -y install gcc*rootlocalhost # tar zxvf redis-3.2.9.tar.gz -C /usr/srcrootlocalhost # cd /usr/src/redis-3.2.9/rootlocalhost redis-3.2.9# makerootlocalhost redis-3.2.9# make i

2、nstall注意：默認(rèn)安裝在當(dāng)前目錄下，如果要安裝在指定目錄，可以使用命令：make PREFIX=路徑installrootlocalhost redis-3.2.9# cd /usr/src/redis-3.2.9/utils/rootlocalhost utils# ./install_server.sh安裝向?qū)褂媚J(rèn)參數(shù)rootlocalhost utils# nets-anpt | grep redistcp00 127.0.0.1:63790.0.0.0:*LISTEN9660/redis-server 1停止 redis 服務(wù)：rootlocalhost # /etc/init

3、.d/redis_6379 stop開啟 redis 服務(wù)rootlocalhost # /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start重啟 redis 服務(wù)rootlocalhost # /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart查看 redis 服務(wù)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)rootlocalhost # /etc/init.d/redis_6379 sus3：配置參數(shù)rootlocalhost # vi /etc/redis/6379.confbind 127.0.0.1 192.168.10.161protected-mode yesport 6379tcp-backlog

4、511timeout 0tcp-keepalive 300daemonize yessupervised nofile /var/run/redis_6379.loglevel noticelogfile /var/log/redis_6379.log。以下略。1.3：Redis 命令工具1：redis-cli 命令行工具（1）連接到本地的 redis 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)章，并測(cè)試 redis 服務(wù)是否啟動(dòng)rootlocalhost # redis-cli127.0.0.1:6379PONG127.0.0.1:6379 exitrootlocalhost #（2）連接到其他服務(wù)器上的 redis 服務(wù)ro

5、otlocalhost # redis-cli -h 192.168.10.161 -p 6379192.168.10.102:6379 info# Serverredis_ver:3.2.9redis_git_sha1:00000000redis_git_dirty:0redis_build_id:d6e0ca69e6c5ad01redis_mode:standaloneos:Linux 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 x86_64。以下略。（3）使用 help 獲取幫助rootlocalhost # redis-cli127.0.0.1:6379 help listBLPOP

6、key key . timeoutsummary: Remove and get theelement in a list, or block until one is availablesince: 2.0.0BRPOP key key . timeoutsummary: Remove and get the lasement in a list, or block until one is availablesince: 2.0.0。以下略。（4）查看 set 命令令幫助127.0.0.1:6379 help setSET key value EX seconds PX milliseco

7、nds Nsummary: Set the string value of a keysince: 1.0.0group: string2：redis-benark 測(cè)試工具（1）性能測(cè)試：發(fā)送 100 個(gè)并發(fā)連接與 100000 個(gè)請(qǐng)求測(cè)試性能rootlocalhost # redis-benark -h 192.168.10.161 -p 6379 -c 100 -n 100000=_INLINE =100000 requests completed in 3.26 seconds100 parallel cnts3 bytes payloadkeep alive: 10.00% = 1

8、milliseconds32.94% = 2 milliseconds86.13% set teacher zhangsanOK127.0.0.1:6379 get teacherzhangsan2：key 相關(guān)命令（1）set 命令添加鍵值127.0.0.1:6379 set k1 1OK127.0.0.1:6379 set k2 2OK127.0.0.1:6379 set k3 3OK127.0.0.1:6379 set v1 4OK127.0.0.1:6379 set v5 5OK127.0.0.1:6379 set v22 5（2）keys 命令獲取鍵值列表127.0.0.1:6379

9、 keys *1) k12) v223) v54) k35) v16) o7) k2（3）獲取以v 開頭的鍵127.0.0.1:6379 keys v*1) v222) v53) v1127.0.0.1:6379 keys v?1) v52) v1127.0.0.1:6379 keys v?1) v22（4）exists 命令判斷鍵值是否存在返回值為 1 表示存在，返回值為 0 表示不存在127.0.0.1:6379 exists k1(eger) 1127.0.0.1:6379 exists k111(eger) 0（5）del 刪除指定的 key127.0.0.1:6379 keys *1

10、) k12) v223) v54) k35) v16) o7) k2127.0.0.1:6379 del v5(eger) 1127.0.0.1:6379 keys *1) k12) v223) k34) v15) o6) k2（6）type 命令獲取 key 對(duì)應(yīng)的 value 值的類型127.0.0.1:6379 type k1string（7）rename 對(duì)已有的 key 重命名，此命令不能檢測(cè)新名稱是否存在，所以能夠覆蓋被命名的鍵127.0.0.1:6379 keys v*1) v222) v1127.0.0.1:6379 rename v22 v2OK127.0.0.1:6379

11、keys v*1) v22) v1（8）renamenx 對(duì)已有 key 重命名，并檢測(cè)新名稱是否存在127.0.0.1:6379 keys k*1) k12) k33) k2127.0.0.1:6379 renamenx k1 k3(eger) 0127.0.0.1:6379 keys k*1) k12) k33) k2127.0.0.1:6379 renamenx k1 k4(eger) 1127.0.0.1:6379 keys k*1) k42) k33) k2（9）dbsize 命令查看當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中 key 的數(shù)目127.0.0.1:6379 dbsize(eger) 53：多數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)常

12、用命令redis 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)支持多數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，默認(rèn)包含 16 個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，名稱用數(shù)字 0-15 表示。redis-cli 進(jìn)入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)后，默認(rèn)使用的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 0。（1）多數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)切換127.0.0.1:6379 select 10OK（2）多數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)間移動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)127.0.0.1:6379 select 0OK127.0.0.1:6379 keys *1) k42) v23) k34) o5) k2127.0.0.1:6379 get k22127.0.0.1:6379 move k2 1(eger) 1127.0.0.1:6379 select 1OK127.0.0.1:63791 keys *1) k2127

13、.0.0.1:63791 get k22二：Redis 群集1：安裝 redis（每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)都要安裝）rootlocalhost # systemctl stop firewalldrootlocalhost # yum -y install gcc*rootlocalhost # tar zxvf redis-3.2.9.tar.gz -C /usr/srcrootlocalhost # cd /usr/src/redis-3.2.9/rootlocalhost redis-3.2.9# makerootlocalhost redis-3.2.9# make installrootlocalh

14、ost redis-3.2.9# cd /usr/src/redis-3.2.9/utils/rootlocalhost utils# ./install_server.sh2：修改配置文件（每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)都要配置，只有 IP 地址不同，其他都相同）rootlocalhost # vi /etc/redis/6379.conf#62 行，各個(gè)服務(wù)器填寫各自的 IP 地址作為地址bind 192.168.10.161protected-mode yesport 6379tcp-backlog 511timeout 0tcp-keepalive 300daemonize yessupervised no

15、file /var/run/redis_6379.loglevel noticelogfile /var/log/redis_6379.log。略。cluster-enabled yes#722 行，去掉注釋符，表示啟用群集#730 行，去掉注釋cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf#736 行，去掉注釋cluster-node-timeout 15000#813 行，去掉注釋，將 yes 改為 nocluster-require-full-coverage no注釋：綁定地址：bind 192.168.。不能綁定到 127.0.0.1 或 localhost，

16、否則指導(dǎo)客戶端重定向時(shí)會(huì)報(bào)”Connection refused”的錯(cuò)誤。開啟 Cluster：cluster-enabled yes集群配置文件：cluster-config-file nodes-7000.conf。這個(gè)配置文件不是要去配的，而是 Redis 運(yùn)行時(shí)保存配置的文件，所以也不可以修改這個(gè)文件。集群超時(shí)時(shí)間：cluster-node-timeout 15000。結(jié)點(diǎn)超時(shí)多久則認(rèn)為它宕機(jī)了。槽是否：cluster-require-full-coverage no。默認(rèn)是 yes，只要有結(jié)點(diǎn)宕機(jī)導(dǎo)致 16384 個(gè)槽沒(méi)全被覆蓋，整個(gè)集群就全部停止服務(wù)，所以一定要改為norootlo

17、calhost # /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restartrootlocalhost # nets-anpt | grep 6379rootlocalhost utils# nets-anpt | grep 6379tcp00 192.168.10.101:63790.0.0.0:*LISTEN20315/redis-servertcp00 192.168.10.101:163790.0.0.0:*LISTEN20315/redis-server3：使用創(chuàng)建群集（只需要在一臺(tái)節(jié)點(diǎn)上執(zhí)行即可）rootlocalhost # yum -y install ruby rubygemsrootlocalhost # gem install redis -ver3.2.0Sucsfully installed redis-3.2.0Parsingation for redis-3.2.0Installing riation for redis-3.2.01 gem installedrootlocalhost # cd /usr/src/redis-3.2.9/src/rootlocalhostsrc#./redis-trib.rbcreate-replicas1192.168.10.161:6379192.168.10.162:6379192.168.10